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        Potential of low molecular weight natural polysaccharides for colon targeted formulation and its evaluation in human by Gamma Scintigraphy

        S. P. Sawarkar,S. G. Deshpande,A. N. Bajaj,P. S. Soni,P. Pandit,V. S. Nikam 한국약제학회 2020 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.50 No.2

        Purpose Colonic drug targeting is an elusive goal, implicated for localized drug and systemic delivery of proteins which otherwise cannot be delivered by oral route. The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the suitability of formulation design of compression coating and potential of low molecular weight natural polysaccharides for colonic drug targeting using Gamma Scintigraphy in human subjects and to establish platform technology. Methods Before commencing with in vivo imaging studies in human by Gamma Scintigraphy, we performed in vitro release studies and scanning electron microscopy for surface topography of tablet formulations subjected to in vitro dissolution study. Results We investigated the applicability of low molecular weight and low viscosity grade Guar gum ULV 1000 and Pectin with low degree of methoxylation 9% as for site specific delivery. Gamma Scintigraphy imaging of formulation with biopolymer in human subject showed the transit of tablet intact in colon with average arrival time being 5.75 h and the activity was released continuously for 30 h. Scanning electron microscopy for surface topography of tablets subjected to simulated colonic fluid showed erosion caused by microbial flora of the colon. Conclusion Taken together, compression coating design with low molecular weight biopolymer can serve as a platform technology to deliver other potential molecules to the colonic region for local and/or systemic effects in other therapeutic areas.

      • KCI우수등재

        In vitro rumen fermentation kinetics, metabolite production, methane and substrate degradability of polyphenol rich plant leaves and their component complete feed blocks

        ( Ganesh N. Aderao ),( A. Sahoo ),( R. S. Bhatt ),( P. K. Kumawat ),( Lalit Soni ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2018 한국축산학회지 Vol.60 No.11

        Background: This experiment aimed at assessing polyphenol-rich plant biomass to use in complete feed making for the feeding of ruminants. Methods: An in vitro ruminal evaluation of complete blocks (CFB) with (Acacia nilotica, Ziziphus nummularia leaves) and without (Vigna sinensis hay) polyphenol rich plant leaves was conducted by applying Menke’s in vitro gas production (IVGP) technique. A total of six substrates, viz. three forages and three CFBs were subjected to in vitro ruminal fermentation in glass syringes to assess gas and methane production, substrate degradability, and rumen fermentation metabolites. Results: Total polyphenol content (g/Kg) was 163 in A. nilotica compared to 52.5 in Z. nummularia with a contrasting difference in tannin fractions, higher hydrolysable tannins (HT) in the former (140.1 vs 2.8) and higher condensed (CT) tannins in the later (28.3 vs 7.9). The potential gas production was lower with a higher lag phase (L) in CT containing Z. nummularia and the component feed block. A. nilotica alone and as a constituent of CFB produced higher total gas but with lower methane while the partitioning factor (PF) was higher in Z. nummularia and its CFB. Substrate digestibility (both DM and OM) was lower (P < 0.001) in Z. nummularia compared to other forages and CFBs. The fermentation metabolites showed a different pattern for forages and their CFBs. The forages showed higher TCA precipitable N and lower acetate: propionate ratio in Z. nummularia while the related trend was found in CFB with V. sinensis. Total volatile fatty acid concentration was higher (P < 0.001) in A. nilotica leaves than V. sinensis hay and Z. nummularia leaves. It has implication on widening the forage resources and providing opportunity to use forage biomass rich in polyphenolic constituents in judicious proportion for reducing methane and enhancing green livestock production. Conclusion: Above all, higher substrate degradability, propionate production, lower methanogenesis in CFB with A. nilotica leaves may be considered useful. Nevertheless, CFB with Z. nummularia also proved its usefulness with higher TCA precipitable N and PF. It has implication on widening the forage resources and providing opportunity to use polyphenol-rich forage biomass for reducing methane and enhancing green livestock production.

      • Incremental Software Version Release Planning For Adaptive Maintenance

        Arti Rana,Dr. S.P Singh,Dr. Rachna Soni,Dr. Ashish Jolly 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.8

        The core of the versioning is change management. Versioning is related to the creation and management of the software changes for the traceability of number of releases of software, all of which has the same general function but is enhanced or tailored. Version control gives you the option to expand your project in the future and engage in possible collaborations with others. Even after the software is delivered it is required for every successful software system continues to be improved and adapted over time to meet the changing needs of the market. In this paper the Markov model is then proposed, and market share of software according to optimal release version analysis for n versions is studied.

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