A Case of Cervical Retrotracheal Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Diagnosed by Endobronchial Ultrasonography with Transbronchial Needle Aspiration

Woong Jae Noh,Sung Jin Nam,Chul Ho Oak,Kang Dae Lee 대한갑상선학회 2015 International Journal of Thyroidology Vol.8 No.2

A 61-year-old woman who underwent total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) five years previously referred for a cervical retrotracheal mass. The mass had intense fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), and was thus thought to be malignant. Transcutaneous ultrasonography with fine needle aspiration (FNA) was not feasible, so we tried endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) with transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) to obtain a cytology specimen. After surgery, the mass was confirmed to be a metastatic lymph node from the previous PTC, confirming the TBNA results. Although the utility of EBUS-TBNA for evaluating mediastinal metastasis has been reported in a number of studies, few reports have addressed its utility in the cervical region. Here we report this unusual case of metastatic lymph node of PTC that recurred in the cervical retrotracheal area. It was found to exhibit esophageal muscular invasion, and was accurately diagnosed on EBUS-TBNA.

비정형 결핵성 림프절염의 악화로 오인된 경동맥 가성동맥류 1예

노웅재(Woong Jae Noh),이형신(Hyoung Shin Lee),김성원(Sung won Kim),이강대(Kang Dae Lee) 대한두경부종양학회 2017 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.33 No.1

경동맥에서 발생하는 가성동맥류는 비교적 드문 질환으로 주로 외상, 감염, 수술의 합병증 또는 방사선치료 후에 합병증으로 발생할 수 있다. 비정형 결핵성 림프절염에 의한 경동맥 가성동맥류는 거의 보고된 바 없으며 따라서 비정형 결핵성 림프절염이 동반된 환자에서는 급성악화에 의한 농양형성으로 오인될 수 있다. 비정형 결핵성 림프절염으로 치료중인 81세 남자 환자에서 이러한 경험을 하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다. An 81 year-old male patient presented with rapid enlargement of left lateral neck mass, diagnosed two months earlier as cervical nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis. Abscess formation and impending rupture related to aggravation of nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis was highly suspected. Unexpectedly, blood flow was detected by Doppler ultrasonography, which indicated possible vascular mass. Computed tomography demonstrated a 6.0 cm x 4.0 cm sized enhancing mass consistent with pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery. The patient underwent pseudoaneurysmectomy. Surgical drainage without adequate evaluation might have led to potentially life-threatening condition. We describe this rare case with importance of imaging screening in a neck mass.

위장관 ; 조기 위암 및 위선종 환자에서 내시경점막하박리술 후 시행한 근치적 부가적 위절제술의 임상, 병리학적 고찰

노혜진 ( Hye Jin Noh ),박종재 ( Jong Jae Park ),윤재원 ( Jae Won Yun ),권민정 ( Min Jung Kwon ),윤대웅 ( Dae Woong Yoon ),장원진 ( Won Jin Chang ),오하영 ( Ha Yong Oh ),주문경 ( Moon Kyung Joo ),이범재 ( Beom Jae Lee ),김지훈 ( Ji 대한소화기학회 2012 대한소화기학회지 Vol.59 No.4

Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been widely performed. However, procedure related-complications and the risk of tumor recurrence are limitations. We analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of patients who underwent curative additional gastrectomy (gastrectomy) after ESD. Methods: The clinical characteristics of cases underwent gastrectomy after ESD were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Between January 2002 and August 2010, 1,512 cases underwent ESD for early gastric cancer (n=511) or adenoma (n=1,001). Thirty-two cases (2.1%) underwent gastrectomy after ESD. Thirty cases (2.0%) were EGC and 2 cases (0.1%) were adenoma. Extended indication, larger tumor size and piecemeal resection were risk factors for gastrectomy after ESD. According to the causes of gastrectomy, 13 cases underwent gastrectomy due to complications (40.6%; bleeding in 9, perforation in 4), and 19 cases based on pathological results (incomplete resection in 13, lymphatic invasion in 6). In cases with incomplete resection, the rate of residual tumor and lymph node metastasis after gastrectomy was 69.2% (75% lateral margin, 60% deep and 75% both) and 7.7%, respectively. Three (50%) of the 6 cases with lymphatic invasion had lymph node metatstasis. Conclusions: The causes of gastrectomy after ESD were the procedure-related complications, the incomplete resection and lymphatic invasion. For complete and curative ESD, endoscopists should try to minimize complications and determine the depth of invasion accurately before ESD. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2012;59:289-295)

Compatibility of Diazepam with Polypropylene Multilayer Infusion Container

Noh, Dong-Il,Park, Kyu-Nam,Chun, Heung-Jae,Park, Chong-Won,Jang, Ju-Woong,Ahn, Yun-Gyong The Polymer Society of Korea 2009 Macromolecular Research Vol.17 No.7

Techflex$^{(R)}$, a polypropylene-lined, multilayer infusion bag, was studied for its compatibility with diazepam, in comparison to the conventional infusion bag, Safeflex$^{(R)}$, which is comprised of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Diazepam was diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride isotonic solution and stored in the infusion bags for 24 h. To evaluate the sorption of diazepam into the infusion bags during storage, the concentration of the drug remaining in the bag was measured using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The PVC bags exhibited a marked sorption of diazepam, with a drug loss reaching up to 90% of the initial concentration after 24 h of contact, whereas Techflex$^{(R)}$ inhibited the drug sorption, showing approximately 10%, under the same conditions. The differences in the sorption behaviors of the bags are discussed in terms of solubility parameters and crystallinities of the polymers.

Deconstruction of Western genre in the 1950s" and 1960"s

Noh, Kwang Woo(노광우),Kwon, Jae-Woong(권재웅) 동국대학교 영상미디어센터 2016 씨네포럼 Vol.0 No.24

서부영화라는 장르는 1950년대에 이르러 그 정점에 달했으나, 내러티브와 형식에 있어서 점차적으로 변화가 나타나기 시작했다. 이러한 변화의 원인으로 미국의 베트남전 참전, 영화 관객의 변화, 그리고 1960년대의 사회적 혼란과 같은 환경적 영향이 주로 제시되고 있다. 본 연구는 이 시기의 서부영화의 스토리와 형식에서 나타나는 변화에 대한 고찰을 통해 서부영화라는 장르가 어떻게 바뀌는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 1950년대와 1960년대의 대표적 서부영화 감독인 버드 보에티처, 샘 페킨파, 세르지오 레오네의 작품들을 다루었다. 1950년대의 서부영화는 크게 두 가지 경향으로 구분되는데, 하나는 국가건설이라는 의미에 대한 우화적 표현이고, 다른 하나는 이와는 전혀 다른 개인적 수준에서의 이야기를 서부라는 공간적 배경에서 전개하고 있다. 그러나 1960년의 서부영화에서는 이러한 특성 중에서 국가건설과 같은 성격을 더 이상 보여주지 않는다. 보에티처의 두 작품에서는 로맨스적 성격이 더 나타나고 있다. 페킨파의 경우, 서사적 성격의 모습을 보이기는 하지만, <칠인의 무뢰한Ride the High Country>에서는 로맨틱하면서 여성들에게 더 흥미롭게 다가갈 수 있는 모습을 보여주고 있다. 한편, 레오네의 작품들은 레오네적 형식의 총싸움과 함께 개인의 갈등과 불화가 강조되고 있다. 즉, 보에티처부터 페킨파를 거쳐 레오네로 이어지는 이행과정에서 드러난 요소는 폭력성의 강화, 여성존재의 사회 내에서의 주변 인물화라고 볼 수 있다. 즉, 개인적 수준의 이야기(보에티처), 타락적 모습의 등장(페킨파), 다른 관점 혹은 익숙지 않은 형식에 의한 이야기 전개(레오네)라는 특징들은 영화적 폭력은 강조되면서 장르의 남성적 경향 또한 강조되고 있다는 것을 보여준다. 한편 보에티처의 산악 결투, 페킨파의 슬로우 모션 액션, 레오네의 총싸움과 같은 영화적 표현은 이후 세대의 영화제작에 영향을 주었다. 결국, 서부영화라는 장르 자체는 쇠퇴되었지만 그 영향은 다른 장르와 다른 영화에 영향을 남기게 되었다는 것을 알 수 있다. The Western, one of the most popular film genres, reached to the acme of its genre circulation in the 1950s. But, it showed the significant change in its narrative and convention gradually. It is regarded as the response to socio-historical transformation - the change of film audience, US intervention in Vietnam and 1960s social turmoil. This research explores the change seen in narrative and convention and examines new element and sensibility. It is based on the analysis of some Western films of 1950s and 1960s, which produced by Budd Boetticher, Sam Peckinpah, Sergio Leone. The 1950s Westerns are divided into two tendencies. First, the main characters allegorize nation building in the West. Second, on the contrary, stories and events are rather personal, and West or landscape is provided as the spatial background of them. In the 1960s, the myth of nation building was not effective any more. Boetticher"s two films are relatively close to romance Westerns, Peckinpah"s two films are included in epic Western, but Ride the High Country is more romantic and more appealing for women. Leone"s film is an action film that emphasizes stylish gun fighting and deals with personal struggles and private feud. The transition from Boetticher through Peckinpah to Leone is the intensification of violence and the marginalization of woman. Individual stories are just personal stories(Boetticher), the stories of deterioration appear (Peckinpah), or the stories are told and revealed with different perspectives and unfamiliar style (Leone). In any direction, cinematic violence increases, romance disappears, and the genre becomes more and more masculine. Boetticher"s duel at a mountain, Peckinpah"s slow motion action, and Leone"s stylish gun fighting are influential to the next generation at the level of filmmaking. Though the genre itself deteriorates, the influence has remained in other genres and other films.

Relationship between Kit and Ordinary Analysis on Nitrogen and Potassium Content in Watermelon Leaf

Jae Jong Noh,Byung Koo Ahn,Woong Kim,Sung Whan Kwon,Sun Young So,Yong Kyu Shin 한국원예학회 2008 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Predicting recurrence of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas.

Noh, Tae-Woong,Jeong, Hyeong Jae,Lee, Mi-Kyung,Kim, Tai Seung,Kim, Sun Ho,Lee, Eun Jig Issued for the Endocrine Society by the Williams W 2009 The Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism Vol.94 No.11

<P>CONTEXT: Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas are commonly diagnosed as large tumors. Most are detected incidentally during imaging studies or as a result of neurological manifestations. Depending on severity, most patients with large tumors require surgery and adjunctive therapies because of the high rate of tumor recurrence. The ability to predict the recurrence of a tumor at the time of the initial surgery would be helpful in deciding whether adjunctive therapy is necessary and decreasing morbidity. We investigated the use of several cellular markers for predicting the recurrence of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. OBJECTIVE: A tissue array block was made using tissue from 35 cases of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (16 cases with early recurrence <or=4 yr after surgery, 10 cases with late recurrence >4 yr after surgery, and nine cases without recurrence). Levels of tumor tissue cellular markers associated with cell proliferation or apoptosis were analyzed, and immunohistochemical study of cellular markers was conducted using sectioned slides from the tissue array block. RESULTS: High Ki-67 and TUNEL labeling indexes were associated with recurrent nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. Tumors with a high level of expression of phospho-Akt, phospho-p44/42 MAPK, and PTTG1 were associated with early recurrence. However, high levels of expression of phospho-CREB and ZAC1 were inversely associated with recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Tumors with high levels of expression of phospho-Akt and phospho-p44/42 MAPK and low levels of expression of phospho-CREB and ZAC1 should be followed closely and may require adjunctive therapy to prevent tumor recurrence.</P>

SCAMP5 links endoplasmic reticulum stress to the accumulation of expanded polyglutamine protein aggregates via endocytosis inhibition.

Noh, Jee-Yeon,Lee, Huikyong,Song, Sungmin,Kim, Nam Soon,Im, Wooseok,Kim, Manho,Seo, Hyemyung,Chung, Chul-Woong,Chang, Jae-Woong,Ferrante, Robert J,Yoo, Young-Jun,Ryu, Hoon,Jung, Yong-Keun American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2009 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.284 No.17

<P>Accumulation of expanded polyglutamine proteins is considered to be a major pathogenic biomarker of Huntington disease. We isolated SCAMP5 as a novel regulator of cellular accumulation of expanded polyglutamine track protein using cell-based aggregation assays. Ectopic expression of SCAMP5 augments the formation of ubiquitin-positive and detergent-resistant aggregates of mutant huntingtin (mtHTT). Expression of SCAMP5 is markedly increased in the striatum of Huntington disease patients and is induced in cultured striatal neurons by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress or by mtHTT. The increase of SCAMP5 impairs endocytosis, which in turn enhances mtHTT aggregation. On the contrary, down-regulation of SCAMP5 alleviates ER stress-induced mtHTT aggregation and endocytosis inhibition. Moreover, stereotactic injection into the striatum and intraperitoneal injection of tunicamycin significantly increase mtHTT aggregation in the striatum of R6/2 mice and in the cortex of N171-82Q mice, respectively. Taken together, these results suggest that exposure to ER stress increases SCAMP5 in the striatum, which positively regulates mtHTT aggregation via the endocytosis pathway.</P>

Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Methanol Extract of Polytrichum Commune via NF-κB Inactivation in RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells

( Woong Cho ),( Seung Jae Park ),( Ji Sun Shin ),( Young Su Noh ),( Eu Jin Cho ),( Jung Hwan Nam ),( Kyung Tae Lee ) 한국응용약물학회 2008 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.16 No.4

Presence of Foxp3-expressing CD19(+)CD5(+) B Cells in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Human CD19(+)CD5(+)Foxp3(+) Regulatory B Cell (Breg)

Noh, Joon-Yong,Choi, Wahn-Soo,Noh, Geun-Woong,Lee, Jae-Ho The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2010 Immune Network Vol.10 No.6

Foxp3 is a transcript factor for regulatory T cell development. Interestingly, Foxp3-expressing cells were identified in B cells, especially in CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells, while those were not examined in CD19(+)CD5(-) B cells. Foxp3-expressing CD5(+) B cells in this study were identified in human PBMCs and were found to consist of $8.5{\pm}3.5%$ of CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells. CD19(+)CD5(+)Foxp3(+) B cells showed spontaneous apoptosis. Rare CD19(+)CD5(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory B cell (Breg) population was unveiled in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and suggested as possible regulatory B cells (Breg) as regulatory T cells (Treg). The immunologic and the clinical relevant of Breg needs to be further investigated.