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        Placental Histopathology in COVID-19-Positive Mothers

        Sherwani Nikita,Singh Neha,Neral Arvind,Jaiswal Jyoti,Nagaria Tripti,Khandwal Onkar 한국미생물·생명공학회 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.9

        The placenta is a captivating multifunctional organ of fetal origin and plays an essential role during pregnancy by intimately connecting mother and baby. This study explicates placental pathology and information about 25 placentas collected from the mothers infected with novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2). So far, congenital transmission of SARS-CoV-2 seems to be remarkably uncommon in spite of many cases of COVID-19 during pregnancy. Out of the 25 placental tissue samples collected, none has shown gene expression of SARS-CoV-2 when confirmed by RT-PCR. At the same time, nasal and throat swab samples collected from newborns of SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers correspondingly tested negative by RT-PCR. The shielding properties of placental barriers against viral infections from mothers to newborns remains a mystery. Major histopathological findings have been recorded as choriodecidual tissue with necrosis, intramural fibrin deposition, chorionic villi with fibrosis, and calcification. Moreover, although recent findings are insufficient to prove direct placental transmission of COVID-19, the abundance of angiotensin-converting enzymes-2 (ACE-2) on the placental surface could potentially contribute to unpleasant outcomes during pregnancy as SARSCoV- 2 gains access to human cells via ACE-2. Finally, the significance of these findings is vague and needs further study.

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        Elevation patterns of tree diversity, composition and stand structure in Mahendragiri Hill Forest, Eastern Ghats of Odisha, India

        Swapna S. Khadanga,Ashaq Ahmad Dar,Neha Jaiswal,Prasad K. Dash,Shanmuganathan Jayakumar 국립중앙과학관 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.16 No.3

        Tropical mountain forests in Eastern Ghats provide a unique opportunity to relate environmental driversto plant community structure along elevation gradient. We aimed to investigate the tree diversity,composition and stand structure along elevation gradient and drivers facilitating species distributionacross Mahendragiri Hill Forest (MHF) in Eastern Ghats of Odisha, India. Altogether 120 plots of 0.05 hawere established and stems 10 cm diameter at breast height were measured. We compared speciescomposition and stand structure among elevation zones. Ordination analysis was used to quantify howcommunity structure was related to topographic, climatic and onsite conditions. In total 189 speciesrepresenting 131 genera and 51 families were recorded ranging from 64 (MHF6) to 106 species (MHF4). Fabaceae representing 23 species, followed by Phyllanthaceae was dominant families. Maximum treedensity and basal area were enumerated in high elevation MHF6 and least disturbed MHF5, respectively. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) interpreted 58.59% of variation and depicted the role ofelevation followed by disturbance and precipitation in species distribution patterns. Variance parti tioning analysis shows that topography and disturbance strongly partitioned the dissemination of treespecies. Variations in species diversity reflects a direct coupling or interaction of several factors together,making it a complex phenomenon.

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