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Vaishali Murade,Keshav Deshmukh,Rupali Murade,Dipak Raut,Machindra Chavan,Dinesh Hase 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2017 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.17 No.4
The antinociceptive effect of chloroform extract (RCLC), semi-purified fraction (RC2) and isolated pentacyclic triterpenoid β-amyrin (BA) from the leaves of Ricinus communis in acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, formalin-induced paw licking and hot-plate test was conducted in mice. The GC-MS study revealed that the RC2 showed the dominance of diterpenes, triterpenes, fatty acids, sterol and higher alkanes. No obvious behavioral changes, allergic reactions and mortality were observed in acute toxicity studies. Acute administration of the diazepam (1 mg/kg), RC2 (50 mg/kg) and BA (10 mg/kg) displayed mild sedation in open field test while RCLC (100 mg/kg) showed potent sedative properties. No motor incoordination and neurotoxicity was observed in rota-rod test. RCLC (100 mg/kg), RC2 (25 and 50 mg/kg) and BA (5 and 10 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the number of abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid and formalin-induced paw licking response. The central and peripheral antinociceptive effects for RCLC and RC2 in hot-plate were comparable to morphine. The administration of naloxone reversed the antinociceptive effect of morphine, RCLC and RC2 indicating the involvement of opioid receptors while BA principally showed peripheral antinociceptive effects which may be modulated via peripheral opioid receptors or protein kinase.
ON STRONGLY θ-e-CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS
Murad Özkoc,Gülhan Aslim 대한수학회 2010 대한수학회보 Vol.47 No.5
A new class of generalized open sets in a topological space,called e-open sets, is introduced and some properties are obtained by Ekici [6]. This class is contained in the class of δ-semi-preopen (or δ-β-open) sets and weaker than both δ-semiopen sets and δ-preopen sets. In order to investigate some different properties we introduce two strong form of e-open sets called e-regular sets and e-θ-open sets. By means of e-θ-open sets we also introduce a new class of functions called strongly θ-e-continuous functions which is a generalization of θ-precontinuous functions. Some characterizations concerning strongly θ-e-continuous functions are obtained.
A Handover Management Scheme Based on User-Preferences and Network-Centric Approach
( Murad Khan ),( Gisu Park ),( Wooseong Cho ),( Gihyuk Seong ),( Kijun Han ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.1
With the increase in a number of access technologies and data rates, a continuous connection among different networks is demand of the future wireless networks. In the last decade, user connectivity among different access networks remained a challenging job. Therefore, in this article, we proposed a user-centric and user-perspective based network selection mechanism for fast handover management in heterogeneous wireless networks. The proposed scheme selects the most appropriate network among available networks on the basis of resources i.e. cost, data rate, and link quality. Initially, we load the Media Independent Information Service (MIIS) with the information of cost and data rate provided by different network operators. Similarly, Mobile Node (MN) is also loaded with the user preferred cost and data rate for different applications. The MN obtains the information of cost and data rate from MIIS server upon a predefined threshold, and make a decision for handover according to its current cost and data rate. Furthermore, we employ an optimal threshold mechanism for initiation of the handover execution phase to minimize false handover indications. The proposed scheme is based on a survey for network selection and its implementation in C programming language to validate its performance and accuracy. The simulation result shows that the proposed scheme performs superior then the schemes present in the current literature.
Murad Ismayilov 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2019 Journal of Eurasian Studies Vol.10 No.2
Not unlike the global dynamics and the developments in the rest of Central Eurasia, Islamic discourse in Azerbaijan over the past two decades has not reflected the micro-level shifts in the country’s social-cultural landscape. Rather, it has been formed and evolved as a collateral product of the elite’s tactical pursuit of legitimation across domestic and international planes of power. Grounded in its quest for tactical and strategic survival, the elite’s pursuit of Western (and broader international) recognition, in particular, has stood at the core of the elite’s policies toward Islam and molded the confines of state-promoted Islamic discourse. The regime’s overall strategy has been to continuously reinforce the representation of Islam as an imminent danger to the stability and secular nature of Azerbaijani statehood, while positioning itself—in the eyes of both the “liberal,” “democratic” West and the secularized population at home—as the sole force capable of staving off the Islamic threat. At that, the narrative of Islamic radicalism in Azerbaijan has centered around three principal dynamics: the regime’s anti-hijab policies, the regime’s policies toward the settlement of Nardaran in Baku’s suburbs, and the activities of the Islamic Party of Azerbaijan (IPA). This article provides a closer look at all three to expose the elite’s intention of using these as their primary trigger mechanisms and reference points in the quest for Western—and secular domestic—legitimation and, as such, the pursuit of the negative representation of Islam as a threat to secularity and modern statehood.
Neutrophils Are Decreased in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Preliminary Investigation
Murad Atmaca,Faruk Kilic,Filiz Koseoglu,Bilal Ustundag 대한신경정신의학회 2011 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.8 No.4
Objective There has been no study in the literature evaluating total blood count in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Therefore,we performed the present study to spesifically measure serum total blood count particularly white blood cells to see whether or not its eventual alterations might have an etiopathogenetic significance in patients with OCD. Methods Total blood count was measured in thirty patients and same number of healthy controls. Additionally, all patients were assessed by Yale-Brown Obsession Compulsion Scale (Y-BOCS). Results Except for neutrophil count, there were no significant differences between the groups regarding any haematological parameter. The mean neutrophil count of the patient group was lower compared to that of the control subjects. Conclusion In conclusion, the present study suggests that neutrophil count is reduced in pure OCD patients and this finding may contribute to the role of immunological factors in the pathogenesis of OCD.