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Do neonicotinoid insecticides impaired olfactory learning behavior in Apis mellifera?
Muhammad Imran,Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh,Muhammad Nasir,Muhammad Abdul Ghaffar,Ansa Tamkeen,Muhammad Aamir Iqbal 한국잠사학회 2019 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.38 No.1
Bee’s population is declining and disappearing at alarming rate. There are many factors responsible for declining the population of bees including diseases, natural enemies, environmental conditions and pesticides. Insecticides play its role dramatically for their population decline and neonicotinoid insecticides are critically important due to their wide application for pest control. Keeping in view of above problem, effect of neonicotinoid insecticides on olfactory learning behavior in Apis mellifera was observed using Proboscis Extension Reflex (PER) method. In this method, bees were harnessed in centrifuges tubes and feed on insecticides mixed sugar solution after three hours hunger. Bees were checked by feeding on non-treated sugar solution to observe PER response. Minimum proboscis extension was observed for acetamiprid and imidacloprid with 26% and 20% respectively at their recommend field doses while it was maximum for dinotefuran and thiamethoxam with 73% and 60% respectively. Only 40% bees showed response when exposed at 1/10 concentration of field dose for imidacloprid and the least at 1/100 of field dose. At control (Sugar solution) about 90% bees showed PER response. Among these neonicotinoid insecticides tested, imidacloprid and acetamiprid were the most damaging which impaired the olfactory learning performance in Apis mellifera. Bombyx mori silkworm has many silkworm varieties and the structure and properties of silk can be varied depending on the silkworm variety. Therefore, the choice of proper silkworm variety can be an effective way to control and improve the performance of silk materials in biomedical and cosmetic applications. As a preliminary study, in the present study, thirty nine Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons were prepared and their molecular conformation and crystallinity were examined. Molecular conformation and the crystallinity of silkworm cocoons were different depending on the silkworm variety. Interestingly, the crystallinity index of outside of cocoon was different from that of inside of cocoon and the difference between the crystallinities of outside and inside of cocoon was varied depending on the silkworm variety. In this study, the silkworm variety cocoons were classified into three groups (Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3) based on the difference of crystallinities between outside and inside.
Nasir, Muhammad Tauseef,Ali, Muhammad Ansab,Khan, Tariq S.,Al-Hajri, Ebrahim,Kadri, Muhammad Bilal,Kim, Kyung Chun Elsevier Sequoia S.A 2019 Energy and buildings Vol.191 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Present work aims to investigate the thermal performance assessment of different combinations of working fluids for an Organic Rankine Cycle powered Vapor Compression Cycle (ORC-VCC) for air-conditioning applications. Analysis of system performance is conducted for a fixed cooling load of a small conditioned space having a sensible heat factor of 0.7, at different ambient conditions. A preliminary evaluation of the system at the baseline conditions was conducted considering the second law efficiency, overall heat capacity of exchangers, overall internal exergy destruction, and overall Coefficient of Performance. Afterwards, parametric study was performed for the best performing candidates from the preliminary analysis using second law efficiency and overall heat capacity of heat exchangers. The system parameters considered for the study include saturated temperatures of heat exchangers, ORC boiler superheat, pinch points and the sub-cooling of both the ORC and VCC condensers. Then, multi objective optimization was performed using Genetic Algorithm followed by multi-criteria decision-making using Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to select the best optimal solutions from the Pareto front. Sixteen combinations comprising of four working fluids, R245fa, R600, R600a, and R134a were analyzed. The optimization results showed R245fa ORC-R600a VCC to be the best candidate at ambient conditions of 30 °C, while at 35 °C and 40 °C, R600a ORC-R245fa VCC was found to be the most suitable candidate.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The prospects of different working fluids and their combinations in an ORC driven air conditioning system are investigated. </LI> <LI> Ambient conditions considering the outdoor temperatures of 30 °C, 35 °C and 40 °C with 50% relative humidity is selected. </LI> <LI> Working fluids R245fa, R134a, R600a, and R600, and their combinations are the investigated. </LI> <LI> Sensitivity analysis of different parameters on the second law efficiency and UA values of heat exchangers is evaluated. </LI> <LI> Multi-objective optimization of the exergetic efficiency and the UA values of heat exchangers is carried out. </LI> </UL> </P>
Muhammad Ahsan Sami,Muhammad Umar Masood,Muhammad Waqar,Muhammad Mujtaba,Abrahim Ali Shah,Nasir Rashid,Mohsin I. Tiwana,Javaid Iqbal,Adnan Shujah 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
This paper presents an application of a novel approach for detecting and tracking an object with a 2 DOF robotic manipulator which can be equipped with an array of electrically controlled actuators. The said approach utilizes the Image Based Visual Servoing (IBVS) technique. The developed system is able to determine the object pose in real time from features in the image. Object is detected using shaped based approach algorithms of image processing. The position and orientation of the world coordinates of the object being tracked are calculated from the coordinates of the object in image plane using camera’s intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed approach.
Design and Development of a Semi-Autonomous Stair Climbing Robotic Platform For Rough Terrains
Muhammad Umar Masood,Muhammad Ahsan Sami,Haris Sohail,Muhammad Mujtaba,Muhammad Abubakar Siddique,Hashir Akram,Nasir Rashid,Mohsin I. Tiwana,Javaid Iqbal 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
This paper presents the design of a stair climbing fixed flipper unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) for urban search and rescue purposes. Mobile flippers are being used in certain UGVs for enhanced mobility in rough terrains, however, the control algorithm of these platforms is complex. To add this enhanced mobility in the UGV and to reduce the intricacy of the control algorithm, anterior end of the tracks are lifted up which enables the UGV to pass over obstacles with relative ease. To prevent the rollover of UGV while moving on an inclined surface, an image processing algorithm was developed which halts the motion of UGV if the calculated slope exceeds the threshold value with a maximum error of about 8%. Furthermore, left and right track velocities along with the turn radius were also calculated.
Do neonicotinoid insecticides impaired olfactory learning behavior in Apis mellifera?
Imran, Muhammad,Sheikh, Umer Ayyaz Aslam,Nasir, Muhammad,Ghaffar, Muhammad Abdul,Tamkeen, Ansa,Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2019 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.38 No.1
Bee's population is declining and disappearing at alarming rate. There are many factors responsible for declining the population of bees including diseases, natural enemies, environmental conditions and pesticides. Insecticides play its role dramatically for their population decline and neonicotinoid insecticides are critically important due to their wide application for pest control. Keeping in view of above problem, effect of neonicotinoid insecticides on olfactory learning behavior in Apis mellifera was observed using Proboscis Extension Reflex (PER) method. In this method, bees were harnessed in centrifuges tubes and feed on insecticides mixed sugar solution after three hours hunger. Bees were checked by feeding on non-treated sugar solution to observe PER response. Minimum proboscis extension was observed for acetamiprid and imidacloprid with 26% and 20% respectively at their recommend field doses while it was maximum for dinotefuran and thiamethoxam with 73% and 60% respectively. Only 40% bees showed response when exposed at 1/10 concentration of field dose for imidacloprid and the least at 1/100 of field dose. At control (Sugar solution) about 90% bees showed PER response. Among these neonicotinoid insecticides tested, imidacloprid and acetamiprid were the most damaging which impaired the olfactory learning performance in Apis mellifera.
Natural Language Processing and Machine Linguistic Interpretation
Muhammad Umar Nasir,Ahmad Arsalan,Muhammad Zahid Hussain,Arif Wicaksono Septyanto 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2021 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.11
Natural language processing, as an integral part of artificial intelligence technology, has foundations in a variety of disciplines, including linguistics, computer science, and mathematics. Rapid advances in natural language processing provide solid backing for machine translation research. This document first sets out the key concepts and key points of computational linguistics, followed by a brief review of the history and progress of NLP research in the United States and abroad. The document then summarizes the three stages of machine translation as well as the current state of research. Historically, the advancement curves of natural language processing and machine translation have almost coincided, as well as the two complement each other. On this premise, the paper examines NLP applications in machine translation and highlights problems and trends in the fields of artificial intelligence. Finally, the authors examine the link between machine translation and human interpretation in the era of artificial intelligence and speculate on machine translations long term prospects.
Muhammad Nabeel,Muhammad Ali Nasir,Mariyam Sattar,Rizwan Ahmed Malik,Meshal Alzaid,Muhammad Shoaib Butt,Mohsin Saleem,Hussein Alrobei 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.11
Flexural, tensile, and impact strength of hybrid Kevlar/glass reinforced epoxy composite is studied. Six different types of hybrid composite material were manufactured by hand layup process using different compositions of Kevlar and glass fiber. Tensile, flexural and impact strengths of manufactured samples were investigated using standard tests and compared. It is observed that tensile strength is greater for combinations with higher percentage (%) of Kevlar fabric and decreases with an increase in the glass fabric %age. Flexural strength is higher for combinations with greater %age of glass fabric and decreases with an increase in the Kevlar fabric %age. From drop weight test, it is found from visual inspection that damaged area is increased with an increase in the glass fabric percentage. Numerical simulation model incorporated with elastoplastic material data successfully predicts tensile and flexural experimental results.
Nasir, Muhammad,Johari, Megat Azmi Megat,Yusuf, Moruf Olalekan,Maslehuddin, Mohammed,Al-Harthi, Mamdouh A. Techno-Press 2020 Advances in concrete construction Vol.10 No.5
This study investigated the effect of alkaline activators - NaOH<sub>aq</sub> (NH) (NH: 0-16 M) and Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3aq</sub> (NS) (NS/NH: 0-3.5) in the synthesis of silico-manganese fume (SMF) and ground blast furnace slag (BFS) blended alkali-activated mortar (AASB). The use of individual activator was ineffective in producing AASB of sufficient fresh and hardened properties, compared to the synergy of both activators. This may be attributed to incomplete dissolution and condensation of oligomers required for gelation of the binder. An inverse relationship was noted among the fresh properties and the NH concentration or NS/NH ratio. This was influenced by the dissolution and condensation of silicate monomers under polymerization process. The maximum 28-day strength of ~45 MPa, setting time of 60 min and flow of 182 mm was obtained with the use of combined activators (10M-NH and NS/NH=2.5). The combined activators at NS/10M-NH=2.5 constituted SiO<sub>2</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>O, H<sub>2</sub>O/Na<sub>2</sub>O and H<sub>2</sub>O/SiO<sub>2</sub> molar ratio of 1.61, 17.33 and 10.77, respectively. This facilitated the formation of C-S-H, C/K-A-S-H and C-Mn-S-H in the framework together with an increase in the crystallinity due to more silicate re-organization within the aluminosilicate chain. On comparison of the high concentrated with mild alkali synthesized product, it revealed that the concentration of OH<sup>-</sup> and Si monomers together with alkali metals influenced the dissolution of precursors and embedment of the constituent elements in the polymeric matrix. These factors eventually contributed to the microstructural densification of the mortar prepared with NS/10M-NH=2.5 thereby enhancing the compressive strength.