일 농촌지역에서 발기부전의 유병률 및 상관 요인

홍진표,송해철,이무송,이창화,안준호,한오수,안태영,김성윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in a rural area of Korea and to examine the relationship between the prevalence and correlates of subjects. Method : This study was done as a part of the chronic disease survey of rural area by the Asan Foundation. Among 30 years or older population from Jung Eup, a rural area of Korea, 711 male subjects were sampled using a cluster probability sampling method. Trained interviewers visited and interviewed subjects aged 30 years or older with a structured interview. ED was categorized as 'none', 'mild', 'moderate', or 'severe' according to the ability to 'attain and/or maintain an erection satisfactory for sexual intercourse'. Response rate was 54.3% (N=386). Results : The age weighted prevalence of ED was 27.2% (minimal 14.1%, moderate 7.6%, severe 5.5%). Prevalence and severity increased with age. Liver disease and underweight were significantly (p<0.05) associated with ED. Smoking seemed to be correlated with ED, but did not reach statistically significant level. Conclusion : ED was highly prevalent in the rural community of Korea. Medical, sociodemographic, and lifestyle variables associated with ED may alert physicians to patients at risk for ED and offer insight to its etiology.

수용액에서 N-[(4,6-Disubstituted Pyrimidin-2-yl)Aminocarbonyl] Saccharin 유도체의 합성

윤무홍,이천수 啓明大學校 産業技術硏究所 1997 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.20 No.-

N-[(4,6-Disubstituted pyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin derivatives can be easily synthesized by treating the basic solution of alkyl or phenyl (2-methoxycarbonyl phenyl sulfonyl)carbamate is dissolved in excess potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, with the acidic solution of 2-amino-4,6-disubstituted pyrimidine ammonium chlorides. Their corresponding chemical structures are identified by IR, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR as follows: N-[(pyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin(5), N-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin(6),N-[(4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)amino-carbony]saccharin(7), N-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) aminocarbonyl]saccharin(8), N-[(4-ethoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl]aminocarbonyl]saccharin(9), N-[(4-i-propoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin(10), N-[(4-butoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin(11).

地域經濟活性化를 위한 農村市場開發에 관한 硏究 : 忠南 禮山地域市場을 中心으로

尹畯相,李武鉉,申尹撤,洪性贊,朴奉圭 公州大學校 産業開發硏究所 1994 産業開發硏究 Vol.2 No.-

Since the first year economic development plan, imblanced development of national territory during the economic development process has aggravated remarkable disparity between urban and rural areas. For this reason, this study introduced the development of rural market as one of the development strategies of regional economic to correct the imblance and relieve regional disparity. The purpose of this study were to look into the present situation of traditional rural market and to analyze the problems for the rural development in view of the current road situations in the rural areas and status of marketing facilities in market center and to measure the degree of rural area people's satisfaction to the rural market and to suggest the development plan of activating for rural market center. To collect data, the Yesan Gun rural market were selected and a total of 591 residents and 178 merchants were sampled as final subjects of survey. Interview and/or questionnaire method was the main method of data collection. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1) The population of Yesan Gun has decreased 2.85 persons per year from in 1984, but the number of vehicles were increased 2.85 times than in 1989. And the parking capacity of Yesan Eup was only 129 vehicles which were below of the total vehicles of Yesan Gun area (14,352). The number of Yesan area markets were 8 markets which consisted of 1 permanent market and 7 periodic markets. But as the economy has been developed, the conditions of rural markets have been changing. That is, the role of periodic market tends to be weakened with the growth of large cities, reinforcement of permanent markets, development of traffic facilities, large production, preferring high quality goods. 3) Generally, the people of Yesan Gun were attached for purchasing the necessaries of life and comodities and farming materials to ① Yesan Eup ② Seoul ③ Chonan Shi ④ Hongsung gun ⑤ Daejeon Shi. 4) The degree of community people's satisfaction to the town market presented 26.6% which meaned higher than dissatisfaction(9.5%). And the degree of people's inconvenience of accessibility to market center by transferring of bus terminal presented 64.2% which meaned higher than average. 5) The degree of people's dissatisfaction of traffic system in Yesan gun area presented followings: the road networks(61.5%), parking facility(68%), bus route(54%). 6) By the survey of merchants of Yesan gun area, on the average, it showed followings: the size of store was 6-10 pyeong(40%), the type of enterprise was retail dealer(70.9%), and purchasing place was wholesale dealer from Seoul(51.8%). 7) And they thought that Yesan town market were too small(70.8%), and the diversifying of goods was not enough(35.5%). 8) The merchants of Yesan area showed that the degree of into venience to traffic system was 72.7% and its to parking facility was 83.3%. And they complained that community administration agency have not tried to activate market(79.1%). Based on the results of this study, the following recommendation were made for activating regional economy and community market. That is, it is to strengthen the economic function in community market so as to suffice the economic and social activities for settlement area as their living space. And it is necessary to improve the interrelationship of the central functions. 1) So, the accessibility between market center and its surrounding areas must be rised. ① the enforcing preferentially to pave the bus terminal and market center to link two place. ② the running of shuttle-bus two place every regular market day. ③ the widening and connecting the road to rise accessibility between market center and its surrounding area. ④ the enforcement of parking facility around market center. ⑤ the constructing marketing centered area as intergrated body of various marketing facilities in the adjacent site is the centered area planned to achieve efficient marketing. 2) The modernization and specialization market center facilities. 3) The strengthening of drawing surrounding area people into Yesan market center. So, the following recommended: ① the development of special products market ② inducing special projects ③ the development tour and leisure course drawing industrial facilities. 4) And it needs to enforce community people's local patriotism and to support community markets by administration agency.

상이동 촉매에 의한 염화벤질과 티오시안산 칼륨의 치환 반응에 관한 반응속도론

장승현,윤무홍 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 1986 産業技術硏究 Vol.5 No.-

The catalytic effects of several phase transfer catalysts on the displacement reaction of benzyl chloride with aqueous potassium thiocyanate in a two phase system have been determined. The kinetics are linearly dependent on catalyst concentration. The examination of the relative rates with various catalysts showed the following trend: NH₄Cl<PhCH₂N(CH₃)₃Cl<18-Crown-6<PhCH₂N(C₂H_(5))₃Cl<P.E.G.<(n-Bu)₄NCl<CTMAB Kinetic analyses of the data suggest that rate determining step occurs in the interphase microemulsion comprisiting of the surfactant, the anion and the apolar solvents. Increased rate was also observed with more polar organic solvents.

Application of Two Complementary Molecular Sexing Methods for East Asian Bird Species

Mu Yeong Lee,Yoon Jee Hong,Sun Kyung Park,Young Jun Kim,Tae Young Choi,Hang Lee,Mi Sook Min 한국유전학회 2008 Genes & Genomics Vol.30 No.4

Numerous avian species are sexually monomorphic, especially nestlings, posing difficulties in determining their sex by morphological traits alone. Despite the difficulties, sex identification of birds is an essential part of ex situ conservation breeding programs for endangered species, and the sex of individuals is an integral component of information required for research concerning ecology, behavior, genetics, and conservation biology. Therefore, molecular sexing methods are gaining increasing attention as an aid in study and conservation of many bird species. An amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) method using the sequence differences between CHD1Z and CHD1W was applied for sex identification of 29 East Asian bird species to test the applicability of the method for a wide range of wild bird species. The sex of 25 bird species was successfully identified by the ARMS method using the P2/NP/MP primer set, and the sex of four additional species was identified by another primer set P2/P8. The methods were applied to sex 124 individual samples that were preliminarily sexed by only morphological characteristics of the birds. Of the specimens tested, 16 (12.9%) individuals showed different gender from the preliminary data. This showed that sex identification of monomorphic avian species by external morphology alone has a high risk of misidentification. Therefore, alternative molecular sexing methods are recommended in the sexing process where monomorphic individuals, damaged carcasses or parts of carcasses are involved.

Alkylamine-Arylsulfonyl Carbamate Complex의 합성

윤무흥,이천수 계명대학교 산업기술연구소 1992 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.15 No.2

The synthesis of alkylamine-arylsulfonyl carbamate complex can be accomplished by treating the alkyl substituted benzenesulfonyl carbamates with the aqueous alkylamines solution. After isolation and purification of these compounds without converting them to sulfonylureas, their corresponding chemical structures are identified by IR, H-NMR, C-NMR, and elemental analysis as follows: ⑴ Ammonium-2-toluenesulfonyl carbamate complex : Methylamine-2-toluenesulfonyl carbamate complex : ⑶ Ethylamine-2-toluenesulfonyl carbamate : ⑷ Dimethylamine-2-toluenesulfonyl carbamate complex. These alkylamine-arylsulfonyl carbamate complex are highly sueful intermediates in the synthesis of N-arylsulfonyl-N-alkylurea derivatives for the developments of hypoglycemic agents and hervicieds.

Experimental comparison of torque balance controllers for power-assisted wheelchair driving

Heo, Yoon,Hong, Eung-pyo,Chang, Yoon-hee,Jeong, Bora,Mun, Mu-sung ELSEVIER 2018 MEASUREMENT -LONDON- Vol.120 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A power-assisted wheelchair amplifies the user’s propulsion power. If the user’s arm strength is unbalanced, this can affect the driving balance. In order to correct this imbalance, a method of producing an assisting torque by cross-referencing the opposite input torque was developed. One proposed torque balance control scheme involves automatically controlling the cross-reference proportion according to the amplitude ratio of the left and right input torques. However, this scheme cannot improve the driving performance under all conditions because instability is inherent to the user’s propelling torque. To resolve this problem, a new torque balance control method is proposed that considers not only the proportion of input torques but also the temporal difference. This study examined the usefulness of the proposed torque balance control method based on the temporal difference through a comparison with the existing method via a driving simulation and experiment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Power-assisted wheelchairs are difficult to control with unbalanced input torques. </LI> <LI> New torque balance controller considers the temporal difference between inputs. </LI> <LI> Superior straight/rotation driving performance compared to existing control methods. </LI> </UL> </P>

Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships of Siberian Flying Squirrel(Pteromys volans) Populations

Lee, Mu-Yeong,Park, Sun-Kyung,Hong, Yoon-Jee,Kim, Young-Jun,Voloshina, Inna,Myslenkov, Alexander,Saveljev, Alexander P.,Choi, Tae-Young,Piao, Ren-Zhu,An, Jung-Hwa,Lee, Mun-Han,Lee, Hang,Min, Mi-Sook The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 2008 Animal cells and systems Vol.12 No.4

Siberian flying squirrel, an endangered species in South Korea, is distributed through major mountain regions of South Korea. The number of Siberian flying squirrel(Pteromys volans) in South Korea has decreased and their habitats are fragmented and isolated because of anthropogenic activities. So far no molecular genetic data has, however, been available for their conservation and management. To obtain better information concerning genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of the Siberian flying squirrel in South Korea, we examined 14 individuals from South Korea, 7 individuals from Russia, and 5 individuals from northeastern China along with previously published 29 haplotypes for 1,140 bp of the mtDNA cytochrome b gene. The 14 new individuals from South Korea had 7 haplotypes which were not observed in the regions of Russia and Hokkaido. The level of genetic diversity(0.616%) in the South Korean population was lower than that in eastern Russia(0.950%). The geographical distribution of mtDNA haplotypes and reduced median network confirmed that there are three major lineages of Siberian flying squirrel, occupying; Far Eastern, northern Eurasia, and the island of Hokkaido. The South Korean population only slightly distinct from the Eurasia, and eastern Russian population, and is part of the lineage Far Eastern. Based on these, we suggest that the South Korean population could be considered to belong to one partial ESU(Far Eastern) of three partial ESUs but a different management unit. However, the conservation priorities should be reconfirmed by nuclear genetic marker and ecological data.

Torque Balancing for Power Assisted Wheelchair based on Torque and Temporal Similarity

Heo, Yoon,Hong, Eung-Pyo,Mun, Mu-Sung,Choi, Tae-Ho Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.16 No.8

In this study, a new torque balancing technique is proposed to improve the driving performance of power assisted wheelchairs (PAWs). For a PAW to maintain a straight driving direction, the same force must be delivered to both the right and the left push-rims. However, humans typically have different strength in the right and left arms, and therefore, they cannot control the force uniformly at all times. As a result, the driving direction may need frequent corrections during PAW operation. Toward this end, appropriate assist torques need to be generated to compensate for unbalanced human torque inputs by detecting the driving intention in order to maintain a uniform direction in straight sections or to quickly change direction in curved sections. We propose an assist torque balancing control scheme that estimates the human driving intention by considering the temporal similarity between the right and the left torque signals as well as the proportion of both torques. Simulation results show that the proposed balancing control scheme has better performance than the existing method for straight and circular driving conditions.

레이저 투과 초음파 검사를 통한 풍력 터빈 블레이드 CFRP 스파캡 AI 결함 진단

김윤규(Yoon-Kyu Kim),홍승찬(Seung-Chan Hong),김용호(Yong-Ho Kim),전무승(Mu-Seung Jeon),이길성(Kil-Sung Lee),이정률(Jung-Ryul Lee) 한국비파괴검사학회 2022 한국비파괴검사학회 춘계학술대회 초록집 Vol.2022 No.5