ERS-1 and CCRS C-SAR Data Integration for Look Direction Bias Correction using Wavelet Transform

J. S. Won,Woo Il M. Moon,Vern Singhroy,Paul D. Lowman Jr 大韓遠隔探査學會 1994 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.10 No.2

Look direction bias in a single look SAR image can often be misinterpreted in the geological application of radar data. This paper investigates digital processing techniques for SAR image data integration and compensation of the SAR data look direction bias. The two important approaches for reducing look direction bias and integration of multiple SAR data sets are (1) principal component analysis (PCA), and (2) wavelet transform(WT) integration techniques. These two methods were investigated and tested with the ERS-l (VV-polarization) and CCRS*s airborne (HH-polarization) C-SAR image data sets recorded over the Sudbury test site, Canada. The PCA technique has been very effective for integration of more than two layers of digital image data. When there are only two sets of SAR data are available, the PCA technique requires at least one more set of auxiliary data for proper rendition of the fine surface features. The WT processing approach of SAR data integration utilizes the property which decomposes images into approximated image (low frequencies) characterizing the spatially large and relatively distinct structures, and detailed image (high frequencies) in which the information on detailed fine structures are preserved. The test results with the ERS-l and CCRS*s C-SAR data indicate that the new WT approach is more efficient and robust in enhancing the fine details of the multiple SAR images than the PCA approach.

ERS-1 AND CCRS C-SAR Data Integration For Look Direction Bias Correction Using Wavelet Transform

Won, J.S.,Moon, Woo-Il M.,Singhroy, Vern,Lowman, Paul-D.Jr. The Korean Society of Remote Sensing 1994 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.10 No.2

Look direction bias in a single look SAR image can often be misinterpreted in the geological application of radar data. This paper investigates digital processing techniques for SAR image data integration and compensation of the SAR data look direction bias. The two important approaches for reducing look direction bias and integration of multiple SAR data sets are (1) principal component analysis (PCA), and (2) wavelet transform(WT) integration techniques. These two methods were investigated and tested with the ERS-1 (VV-polarization) and CCRS*s airborne (HH-polarization) C-SAR image data sets recorded over the Sudbury test site, Canada. The PCA technique has been very effective for integration of more than two layers of digital image data. When there only two sets of SAR data are available, the PCA thchnique requires at least one more set of auxiliary data for proper rendition of the fine surface features. The WT processing approach of SAR data integration utilizes the property which decomposes images into approximated image ( low frequencies) characterizing the spatially large and relatively distinct structures, and detailed image (high frequencies) in which the information on detailed fine structures are preserved. The test results with the ERS-1and CCRS*s C-SAR data indicate that the new WT approach is more efficient and robust in enhancibng the fine details of the multiple SAR images than the PCA approach.

Generation of mice with a conditional and reporter allele for <i>Tmem100</i>

Moon, Eun‐,Hye,Kim, Mi‐,Jung,Ko, Keum Soun,Kim, Yoo Sung,Seo, Jiyoung,Oh, S. Paul,Lee, Young Jae Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Genesis Vol.48 No.11

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Activin receptor‐like kinase 1 (<I>ACVRL1</I>; <I>ALK1</I>) is predominantly expressed in arterial endothelial cells and plays an important role in angiogenesis. <I>ACVRL1</I> mutations cause hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), a genetic vascular disorder for which the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. We have found that expression of transmembrane protein 100 (<I>Tmem100</I>) is downregulated in the lung of <I>Acvrl1</I>‐deficient mice; however, its function is unknown. To elucidate the role of <I>Tmem100</I> in vivo, we generated a conditional knockout allele for <I>Tmem100</I> in which exon3, containing the entire coding sequence, was flanked by <I>loxP</I> sequences. The targeted allele also possessed a <I>lacZ</I> reporter cassette in intron2 for visualization of <I>Tmem100</I> expression. We found that <I>Tmem100</I> was predominantly expressed in arterial endothelial cells of developing embryos. The conditional and reporter allele will be a useful resource to investigate the in vivo role of <I>Tmem100</I>, especially in angiogenesis. genesis 48:673–378, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</P>

Radiological Assessment of Morphological Changes of Lumbar Spine: From First to 9th Decade of Life

문명상,Moon Paul S.,Kim Chae-Yeon 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.5

Study Design: Analysis of lumbar spine radiograms of 1,496 Jeju islanders of Korea.Purpose: To look into the age- and gender-matched incidences of morphological changes and their severities.Overview of Literature: There have been several prior research on the prevalence and severity of age-related diseases, both related and unrelated. Those offer some fundamental clinical data for clinicians.Methods: Radiograms of 1,496 patients (555 males and 941 females) from the first to 9th decade were examined for this study. Sagittal and coronal alignment, disc space narrowing, spur formation including diffuse idiopathic spinal hyperostosis (DISH), spondylolisthesis, and ballooned discs associated with biconcave bodies due to osteoporosis were among the parameters of lumbar spine morphologies examined on high-quality radiographs by both human observers and computers.Results: The alignment of the lumbar spine altered after birth and set at growth maturity, and then the curve was maintained till the end of the 5th decade afterward and the curve gradually hypolordotic. There were three types of coronal alignment abnormalities can be seen: idiopathic, osteopathic, and discogenic (degenerative lumbar scoliosis [DLS]). DLS developed after 6th decade. There was no scoliosis associated with spondylolysis or the post-laminofacetectomy period. Disc space narrowing and corporal spur formation were not seen till the end of 3rd decade comparatively speaking, the corporal spurs generated in the non-scoliotic spine were smaller than those in the scoliotic spine. DISH began to appear in the 5th-decade patients and its incidences increased gradually afterward. Porosis-related vertebral body collapse started to happen after 6th decade. There are three different types of spondylolisthesis: anterior, posterior, and lateral. The lateral slip occurred only in the scoliotic spine. All types were related to degenerative discs.Conclusions: It has been shown that the morphology of the lumbar spine changes throughout time.

Serum Response Factor Is Essential for Prenatal Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle Development and Maintenance of Differentiated Phenotype

( Chan Jae Park ),( Moon Young Lee ),( Paul J Park ),( Se Eun Ha ),( Robyn M Berent ),( Robert Fuchs ),( Joseph M Miano ),( Laren S Becker ),( Kenton M Sanders ),( Seung Il Ro ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.4

Background/Aims Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) characteristically express serum response factor (SRF), which regulates their development. The role of SRF in SMC plasticity in the pathophysiological conditions of gastrointestinal (GI) tract is less characterized. Methods We generated SMC-specific Srf knockout mice and characterized the prenatally lethal phenotype using ultrasound biomicroscopy and histological analysis. We used small bowel partial obstruction surgeries and primary cell culture using cell-specific enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) mouse lines to study phenotypic and molecular changes of SMCs by immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Finally we examined SRF change in human rectalprolapse tissue by immunofluorescence. Results Congenital SMC-specific Srf knockout mice died before birth and displayed severe GI and cardiac defects. Partial obstruction resulted in an overall increase in SRF protein expression. However, individual SMCs appeared to gradually lose SRF in the hypertrophic muscle. Cells expressing low levels of SRF also expressed low levels of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRalow) and Ki67. SMCs grown in culture recaptured the phenotypic switch from differentiated SMCs to proliferative PDGFRalow cells. The immediate and dramatic reduction of Srf and Myh11 mRNA expression confirmed the phenotypic change. Human rectal prolapse tissue also demonstrated significant loss of SRF expression. Conclusions SRF expression in SMCs is essential for prenatal development of the GI tract and heart. Following partial obstruction, SMCs down-regulate SRF to transition into proliferative PDGFRalow cells that may represent a phenotype responsible for their plasticity. These findings demonstrate that SRF also plays a critical role in the remodeling process following GI injury. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:589-602)

Plant‐expressed Fc‐fusion protein tetravalent dengue vaccine with inherent adjuvant properties

Kim, Mi Young,Copland, Alastair,Nayak, Kaustuv,Chandele, Anmol,Ahmed, Muhammad S.,Zhang, Qibo,Diogo, Gil R.,Paul, Matthew J.,Hofmann, Sven,Yang, Moon‐,Sik,Jang, Yong‐,Suk,Ma, Julian K BLACKWELL 2018 PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL Vol.16 No.7

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Dengue is a major global disease requiring improved treatment and prevention strategies. The recently licensed Sanofi Pasteur Dengvaxia vaccine does not protect children under the age of nine, and additional vaccine strategies are thus needed to halt this expanding global epidemic. Here, we employed a molecular engineering approach and plant expression to produce a humanized and highly immunogenic poly‐immunoglobulin G scaffold (PIGS) fused to the consensus dengue envelope protein III domain (cEDIII). The immunogenicity of this IgG Fc receptor‐targeted vaccine candidate was demonstrated in transgenic mice expressing human FcγRI/CD64, by induction of neutralizing antibodies and evidence of cell‐mediated immunity. Furthermore, these molecules were able to prime immune cells from human adenoid/tonsillar tissue <I>ex vivo</I> as evidenced by antigen‐specific CD4<SUP>+</SUP> and CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T‐cell proliferation, IFN‐γ and antibody production. The purified polymeric fraction of dengue PIGS (D‐PIGS) induced stronger immune activation than the monomeric form, suggesting a more efficient interaction with the low‐affinity Fcγ receptors on antigen‐presenting cells. These results show that the plant‐expressed D‐PIGS have the potential for translation towards a safe and easily scalable single antigen‐based tetravalent dengue vaccine.</P>