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Characterization of TixZn(1−x)Al2O4 Thin Films by Sol-gel Method for GPS Patch antennae
Huda Abdullah,Wan Nasarudin Wan Jalal,Mohd Syafiq Zulfakar,Mohammad Tariqul Islam,Badariah Bais,Sahbudin Shaari 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.1
The need for miniaturization and weight reduction of a GPS patch antennae has forced scientiststo search for new microwave dielectric materials. The sol-gel method was used to prepareTixZn(1−x)Al2O4-based microwave dielectric ceramic thin films (x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.30) andto fabricate a GPS patch antennae. The phases of ZnAl2O4 and TiO2 co-exist with each otherand form a two-phase system, which is confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns andthe Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis. The addition of titanium dioxide (TiO2)increased the crystallite size, grain size, surface roughness and apparent density. A material witha higher density tends to increase the dielectric constant ("r), which is suitable for miniaturizationof a GPS patch antenna. As the TiO2 content increased, the "r values increased linearly. Finally,GPS patch antennae were successfully fabricated using the ZnAl2O4 and Ti0.30Zn0.70Al2O4 material. The performances and the operating frequencies of the GPS patch antennae were measuredusing a PNA series network analyzer. The result showed that both patch antennae resonated atfrequency of 1.570 GHz and gave a return loss less than −10 dB. The optimal performance of theGPS patch antennae was obtained from the specimen using Ti0.30Zn0.70Al2O4 ("r 14.57, widebandwidth of 240 MHz and low return loss of −34.5 dB), which meets the requirements of GPSapplications.