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Beeta Tavana,Alireza Khatibi,Saeed Jafarkhani,Payam Zahedi,Mohammad Hossein Zamani,Seyed Hassan Jafari,Mohammad Najafi 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.124 No.-
Clarithromycin (CLR)-loaded poly (e-caprolactone) (PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized usingmicrofluidics (MF) with square-shaped (MF1), and three-channel (MF2), geometries as well as conventionalbulk mixing (BM). Based on Comsol simulation results of MF chips, the flow rate ratio, nonsolventphase flow rate, and polymer solution concentration were optimized 0.05, 50 mL h1, and 0.2(%w/v), respectively; thereby, representing MF1 geometry with highest homogenous mixing. Characterization studies indicated that MF1-based NPs possessed smaller average diameter (91 nm),narrower polydispersity index (0.13) and higher zeta potential (-44 mV) compared to those NPs synthesizedby MF2 and BM methods. Moreover, MF1-aided synthesis of NPs exhibited the encapsulation efficiencyof approximately 81% and loading capacity of around 13%. Investigating CLR release behavior atdifferent pHs also demonstrated that the MF1-based NPs experienced the most controlled release, followedthe Fickian diffusion mechanism. The controlled release of MF1-based NPs was confirmed by evaluatingtheir inhibitory effect against specific cytokines on BEAS-2B as bronchitis cell line via a series ofin vitro experiments including real time-polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry. Eventually, theantibacterial properties of the samples were studied on two prevalent bacterial strains and the obtainedobservations revealed that MF1-based NPs encompassed the best performance in controlled release ofCLR with respect to the other samples.