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Kim Gyu-On,Yoo Tae-Young,Kim Nam-Jun,Lee Hee-Joon,Jhon Min,Kim Ju-Wan,Kang Hee-Ju,Kim Sung-Wan,Kim Jae-Min 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.7
Objective The Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC 12), which assesses behavioral and experienced stigma, has not been translated into Korean. We developed and standardized the Korean version of the DISC 12 (DISC 12-K) in patients with depressive disorders.Methods The study included 230 patients with depressive disorders who were assessed on the four subscales of the DISC 12-K: Unfair Treatment, Stopping Self, Overcoming Stigma, and Positive Treatment. Additionally, stigma was assessed using the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale, depressive symptoms using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Beck Depression Inventory, level of functioning using the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale, self-esteem using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and quality of life was assessed using the EuroQol-5D. The reliability of DISC 12 was assessed by internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and estimating the intercorrelation of items and corrected item-total correlations; interrater reliability and test–retest reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients at the item and subscale levels; and the concurrent validity of the DISC 12-K relative to the other assessment scales was assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient.Results All of the DISC 12-K subscales had high reliability. The validity was good for the Unfair Treatment and Stopping Self subscales, but only fair for the Overcoming Stigma and Positive Treatment subscales.Conclusion The Unfair Treatment and Stopping Self subscales of the new DISC 12-K are reliable and valid measures of stigma in patients with depressive disorders. Future studies are needed to test the validity of this scale in other mental disorders.
Enhanced nonlinear optical characteristics of copper-ion-doped double crossover DNAs.
Park, Byeongho,Lee, Byung Jic,Dugasani, Sreekantha Reddy,Cho, Youngho,Kim, Chulki,Seo, Minah,Lee, Taikjin,Jhon, Young Min,Choi, Jaebin,Lee, Seok,Park, Sung Ha,Jun, Seong Chan,Yeom, Dong-Il,Rotermund, RSC Pub 2015 Nanoscale Vol.7 No.43
<P>The modification of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples by sequencing the order of bases and doping copper ions opens the possibility for the design of novel nanomaterials exhibiting large optical nonlinearity. We investigated the nonlinear characteristics of copper-ion doped double crossover DNA samples for the first time to the best of our knowledge by using Z-scan and four-wave mixing methods. To accelerate the nonlinear characteristics, we prepared two types of unique DNA nanostructures composed of 148 base pairs doped with copper ions with a facile annealing method. The outstanding third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of the copper-ion-doped DNA solution, 1.19 ?? 10(-12) esu, was estimated by the conventional Z-scan measurement, whereas the four-wave mixing experiment was also investigated. In the visible spectral range, the copper-ion-doped DNA solution samples provided competent four-wave mixing signals with a remarkable conversion efficiency of -4.15 dB for the converted signal at 627 nm. The interactions between DNA and copper ions contribute to the enhancement of nonlinearity due to structural and functional changes. The present study signifies that the copper-ion-doped double crossover DNA is a potential candidate as a highly efficient novel material for further nonlinear optical applications.</P>