http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Smith, Michael J.,Jang, Yikweon The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 2012 Animal cells and systems Vol.16 No.5
The southwestern Australian frog Crinia georgiana (Anura; Myobatrachidae) inhabits ephemeral pools in which the tadpoles often face desiccation. Under these conditions selection on tadpoles can be severe and can directly affect fitness during the aquatic as well as the terrestrial developmental stages. A quantitative genetic study using a half-sib breeding design was conducted to understand the genetic effects on larval life-history traits. We found no significant additive genetic variance in any of larval traits. Except for hatching period, heritability estimates based on females were high in egg size, larval period, snout-vent length, and weight at metamorphosis, suggesting non-additive genetic effects. These results indicate that any response to selection during hatching and larval periods should be predominately governed by non-additive genetic effects in C. georgiana.
Michael J. Smith,장이권 한국통합생물학회 2012 Animal cells and systems Vol.16 No.5
The southwestern Australian frog Crinia georgiana (Anura; Myobatrachidae) inhabits ephemeral pools in which the tadpoles often face desiccation. Under these conditions selection on tadpoles can be severe and can directly affect fitness during the aquatic as well as the terrestrial developmental stages. A quantitative genetic study using a half-sib breeding design was conducted to understand the genetic effects on larval life-history traits. We found no significant additive genetic variance in any of larval traits. Except for hatching period, heritability estimates based on females were high in egg size, larval period, snout-vent length, and weight at metamorphosis, suggesting non-additive genetic effects. These results indicate that any response to selection during hatching and larval periods should be predominately governed by non-additive genetic effects in C. georgiana.
Hepatitis B and the Dermatologist
Bastien, Michael R .,Graham , Smith, J . 대한피부과학회 1988 대한피부과학회지 Vol.26 No.4
Hepatitis B is a global health problem and an imgiortant cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in the Far East. In Korea, perinatal transmissian is presently: the most import.ant route of transmission with an almost universa.l history of past infection seen in the adult population, In future years, with the implernentation of neonatal immunoprophylaxis the population at risk will shift from neonates to older chilrdren and young adults who have failed to receive necessary booster immunizations. The need for optimal preventive practices in social are medical activities will then he increasingly more important. In this article we have reviewed some of the recent information in understanding hepartitis B, arid provided specific suggestions to asisist the ciermatologist in practiing with optimal prevention in his office. Through combined efforts the future eradication of hepatitis B may be realized.
Heidi M. Vieira,David P. Kasper,Runqiu Wang,Lynette M. Smith,Charles A. Enke,Raymond C. Bergan,Benjamin A. Teply,Michael J. Baine 대한방사선종양학회 2023 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.41 No.3
Purpose: The treatment approach for non-metastatic bladder cancer is guided by an invasion of the muscular layer of the bladder wall. Radical cystectomy is the recommended treatment for muscle-invasive disease. However, it has considerable morbidity and mortality and is not suited for many patients. Trimodality therapy consisting of chemoradiation after transurethral resection of bladder tumor offers a definitive approach with bladder-sparing potential. However, there is a lack of research defining the optimal combination of chemotherapy and radiation in this setting. Materials and Methods: We extracted patient data from the National Cancer Database to compare survival outcomes and demographic factors in 2,227 non-metastatic bladder cancer patients who were treated with chemotherapy sequential to or concurrently with radiation. Sequential treatment was defined as chemotherapy beginning >14 days before radiation, and concurrent was defined as beginning within 14 days of the first radiation. Results: The sequential treatment group patients were younger (mean age, 74 vs. 78 years; p < 0.001) with more advanced disease. We found no difference in overall survival between patients who received chemotherapy sequential to radiation and those who received concurrent chemoradiation only (p = 0.533). Conclusion: Our data are concordant with a previous prospective study, and support that chemotherapy prior to radiation does not decrease survival outcomes relative to patients receiving only concurrent chemoradiation. Given that the sequential group had an overall higher stage but no difference in survival, downstaging chemotherapy prior to radiation may be helpful in these patients. Further studies including a larger, multi-institutional clinical trial are indicated to support clinical decision-making.