한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

韓國行政의 危機管理體制 分析

朴美玉 동국대학교 대학원 1996 大學院硏究論集-東國大學校 大學院 Vol.26 No.-

These Days the situation of the Korea public - administration faced in the crisis of the society - structure to explain as crisis and fluctuation, confussion and disorder etc than stability and order. It is in the disability of the organization to make difficult the solution of political, financial and humanity problem. So this paper dicuss with TQM(Total Quality Management) and Chaos theory for the crisis - managing improvement.

응집과 흡착에 의한 음용수중 유해 중금속의 제거

옥치상,김정아,박미연 高神大學校 保健科學硏究所 1992 보건과학연구소보 Vol.2 No.-

Water added with humic acid(10㎎/L) and heavy metals(??, ??, ??, ??, ??) were investigated the advanced removal effects of heavy metals in drinking water by alum, ion exchange resin and activated carbon. Based on the results, the removal rates of heavy metals in optimum alum coagulation (5mg/L) were ??, 38.7%; ??, 35.5%; ??, 34.8%; ??, 19.7%; ??, 4.3%. And the removal effect series of heavy metals were ??, ?? for contact time 1hr in batch with ion exchange and ?? for filtration time 1hr in column packed with ion exchange, and ?? for contact time 1hr in batch with activated carbon and ??, ?? for filtration time 1hr in column packed with activated carbon. The removal of heavy metals by continuous treatment by column packed with ion exchange and activated carbon after alum coagulation were more increase than those of each treatment, was a marked increase as contact time was increased.

우리나라 청소년 건강위험행위 실태조사의 문제점과 개선방안

박은옥,현미열 韓國學校保健學會 2005 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: This study was done for reviewing problems in surveys on youth health risk behaviors in Korea and for looking for strategies to improve surveys of youth health risk behaviors through literature review. Method : This study reviewed foreign and domestic literatures. Result : The main problems were as follows; 1) lack of health risk behavior surveys focused of health behaviors, 2) difference in health risk behaviors surveyed, 3) inconsistency in the measurement on health risk behaviors, 4) lack of representativeness of the sample, using convenient sampling. Conclusions: Several suggestions were made for the future research, including establishment of systems for youth health risk behavior survey nationwide, introduction of internet survey, maintenance of consistency in health risk behaviors surveyed, investigation of relating factors relevant to health risk behaviors, and used of survey results.

환자 만족도 조사를 통한 QI활동의 효과 평가 : 일개 병원을 중심으로

박연옥,김미숙,고은정,김연정,홍창호 한국의료QA학회 1998 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.5 No.2

Background : Evaluation of patient's satisfaction is one of the most important aspects of quality improvement. If the patient highly satisfies with the medical service provided in the hospital, he/she will be likely to visit the same hospital again. Patient's satisfaction of a particular hospital is directly correlated with hospital profits as well as reputation in the community. For this reason, various kinds of survey measuring satisfaction level have been performed and many kind of QI activities for enhancing the profits as well as reputation in the community. For this reason, various kinds of survey measuring satisfaction level have been performed and many kind of QI activities for enhancing the patient's satisfaction. This study is to find the effect of hospital QI activities on the patient's satisfaction level. Methods : After questionnares were developed, survey of measuring satisfaction level was performed in August. 1998. On the basis of survey results. Ql activities were carried out to attain the target point of 4.0 and subsequent survey was done in November. 1998. Results : With three main principles of "problem solving approach with kindness". "helping patient to participate in medical procedure with sufficient information", and "putting employees into practice of attitude with human respect", the average level of satisfaction was enhanced from 3.45 to 3.55 level. Also kindness level of employees was increased from 3.71 to 3.82. Level of dissatisfaction about insufficient explanation and unkind attitude was dropped from 69% to 48% and from 82% to 46% respectively. Conclusion : With the result of this study overall satisfaction level was enhanced. In order to keep these advantages a operation of Quality Improvement Task Force Team in each subject will be required.

Alcaligences에 의해 생산되는 새로운 Hetero-다당류인 Welan Gum과 Xanthan Gum의 Rheology특성에 관한 비교 연구

박혜정,김미옥,구성자 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1989 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Alcaligences로부터 추출된 새로운 미생물 다당류인 Welan gum 과 Xanthanonas campetris 의 발효에 의해 얻은 Xanthan gum의 rheology 특성을 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과 Welan gum의 고유점도는 pH7에서 염을 가하지 않는 상태에서는 Xanthan gum 보다 훨씬 낮았으나 0.1 M-KCI 용액중에서는 비슷한 값을 나타냈다. pH, 온도 및 염농도 의존성은 Welan gum 이 더 안정하였으며, 농도 의존성은 두 시료 모두 pseudoplastic 거동을 나타냈다. 또한 Welan gum과 Xanthan gum은 각각 0.056g/dl 및 0.024g/dl 농도 이상에서 entanglement coupling 이 일어났으며, 염종류에 대한 영향은 1 가염(KCl, NaCl), 2가염(MgCl_(2), CaCl_(2)) 및 Urea에 대해 Welan gum 이 더 안정하였다. The polysaccharide produced by Alcaligence, Welgan gum, was rheologically characterized and compared with Xanthan gum, To evaluate the potential function of Welan gum and Xanthan gum, the physical properties of the gums were determined under various solution conditions. Rheological properties of the gums were determined by measuring intrinsic viscosity of the solution in the different pH and salt concentration. At the range of pH 2-11 and salt 0-1.00 M-KCl, the intrinsic viscosity of Welan gum was ranged from 13.65 to 17.90 dl/g and Xanthan gum was ranged from 8.19 to 41.8dl/g. In the absence of salt, the instrinsic viscosity of Welan gum was not affected by increasing pH of the solution, whereas the intrinsic viscosity of Xanthan gum was appeared maximum at the neutral pH, then decreased both acidic and alkalic pH. Intrinsic viscosity of Welan gum was not affected by increasing salt concentration, whereas intrinsec viscosity of Xanthan gum was decreased with increasing salt concentration. The chain stiffness parameter for the Welan gum was 0.01, for Xanthan gum was 0.005. The overlap parameter of Welan gum and Xanthan gum were 0.056 dl/g and 0.024 dl/g, respectively Welan gum and Xanthan gum were showed shear rate dependent or pseudoplastic. The apparent viscosity of Welan gum and Xanthan gum were decreased as the shear rate increased. The yield stress, proportionality constant, and shear index of Welan gum were increased slightly as the concentration of the gum was increased. The apparent viscosity of Welan gum was decreased slightly by increasing temperature, whereas Xanthan gum was decreased In the presence of salts (KCI, NaCl CaCl_(2), MgCl_(2) and urea). Welan gum was not affected and Xanthan gum was affected slightly.

정맥주입 전문간호사가 삽입한 말초삽입형 중심정맥관(PICC) 사용 결과에 대한 후향적 분석

박정윤,박광옥,백미경,김세라,권혜리,양수진 대한기초간호자연과학회 2004 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.6 No.1

Background : Intravenous(Ⅳ) access is becoming an increasingly important part of health care today. The current drive for clinical effectiveness and cost-effective health care serves to increase the need for reliable vascular access. Venous access devices were developed to overcome problems associated with limited peripheral access and frequent venipuncture in patients with long-term therapy. Although the peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC) have become popular during recent years in USA, its procedure is rare in Korea. Purpose : The goal of this study was to analyze the PICC inserted patient data by Ⅳ CNS intervention. Method : A Total of 62 PICCs were inserted into 51 patients by the Ⅳ CNS during a 10-month period form November, 14, 2002, to October 2, 2W2. Data was obtained retrospectively through chart review. Result : The patient population included 34(54.8%) men and 28(45.2%) women, with a mean age 50.6 years. The main indication for PICC placement was to access vein in poor peripheral venous status(40.3%). The mean served interval for PICC insertions was 16.7 days(range, 2~61 days). The reasons for removal were completed therapy in 18 cases(29.0%), patient death in 13 cases(21.0%), and mechanical or functional PICC problem in 10cases(16.1%). The three PICCs removed for presumed infection, and one had only positive tip cultures(0.2%). Conclusion : PICCs are rapidly growing popularity and required an extended course of Ⅳ therapy.

江戶時代 小袖에 나타난 文樣 考察法

朴玉連,韓美卿 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

This study proposed that Japanese Kosode was appeared the kinds and technics of the pattern. The main results were as follows. 1. The pattern in Kosode expressed the human and the nature-animal, botanic, natural appearance, scenery. 2. The technics in Kosode were Embroidery, Tie-Dyeing, Especially, Yuzen-Dyeing advanced. 3. Kosode in Edo era influenced the brevity composition and splendour pattern in the current Kimono.

국내 대기 중 독성 휘발성 유기화합물의 오염 특성(Ⅰ) : 측정방법론 평가 Evaluation of Sampling and Analytical methodology

백성옥,김미현,김수현,박상곤 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.2

This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of atmospheric concentrations of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOC_(s)) in Korea. Target compounds included 1, 3-butadiene, aromatics such as BTEX, and a number of carbonyl compounds. In this paper, as the first part of the study, the performance of sampling and analytical methods was evaluated for the measurement of selected VOC_(s) and carbonyl compounds in the ambient air. VOC_(s) were determined by the adsorbent tube sampling and automatic thermal desorption coupled with GC/MSD analysis, while carbonyls by the DNPH-silica cartridge sampling with HPLC analysis. The methodology was investigated with a wide range of performance criteria such as repeatability, linearity, lower detection limits, collection efficiency, thermal conditioning, breakthrough volume and calibration methods using internal standards. In addition, the sampling and analytical methods established in this study were applied to real field samples duplicately collected in various ambient environments. Precisions for the duplicate samples appeared to be comparable with the performance criteria recommended by USEPA TO-17. The overall precision of the sampling and analytical methods was estimated to be within 20-30% for major aromatic VOC_(s) such as BTEX, whereas the precision for major carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde was within 10-20% for field samples. This study demonstrated that the adsorbent sampling and thermal desorption method can be reliably applied for the measurement of BTEX in ppb levels frequently occurred in common indoor and ambient environments.

대학생들의 떡에 대한 기호도 및 이용현황

이현옥,노숙령,김기숙,이숙영,이복희,박미정 중앙대학교 생활과학연구소 2002 생활과학논집 Vol.15 No.-

The survey study was conducted to investigate the rice cake consumption pattern including the frequency of intake and the degree of preference and the area of improvement for Korean rice cake among college students. About the motive for purchases of rice cake, 'taste is good(43.3%)' was the highest, and 'eat as a snack' the next (42.9%). The reason which does not eat the rice cake frequently was uncomfortable to eat (24.1%), insipid(21.4%), not variously assorted(17.9%) in the order named. The college students surveyed were eating rice cake as a snack mainly. They wanted the rice cake to be charmed and be in pretty shape, and fusion style for gift. And they wanted to be rice cake more sweetened and cool taste like ice cream. Therefore, traditional rice cake is required for further research for the development of product which is more acceptable for the young adults.