http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Merle M. Ohlsen 漢陽大學校 學生生活硏究所 1984 大學生活硏究 Vol.2 No.-
이 글은 集團指導問題에 대한 多年間硏究를 해온 인디아나州立大學敎授인 Merle M.Ohlsen의 "Group Counseling"(1970)에서 靑年部分만을 빼낸 것이다. 이 글은 指導敎授뿐만 아니라 靑年問題에 關心을 가진者는 누구나 한번 부딪칠 難關을 敎育心理學的인 바탕에서 풀이해 준 것이라 하겠다. 一般的으로 靑年問題에 關聯있는 사람이 靑年의 問題를 解決하지 못하고 難關을 부딪히게 되는 것은 주로 그들이 靑年들의 獨自的인 欲求를 理解못하고, 또한 그들의 正常的 成長過程으로의 欲求滿足에 도달하도록 도움을 줄 수 없다는 데서 야기된다. 그러므로 이 글은 靑年들에 對한 效果的인 集團知導(相談)을 위해서 이들 集團의 目標와 이들의 욕구에 適折한 「Group Counseling」方法과, 特히 靑年들을 위한 集團相談에서 必要한 몇몇가지 特徵들을 考察하고 있다. 요컨데, 靑年은 어른들을 의심하고 어른의 批評에 대해서 매우 敏感하며 어른들이 自身들만의 行動의 修整을 요구할 때 분개를 느낀다. 그러므로 이글은 이들과의 相談에서 특히 相談者가 注意를 기울어야 할 점들을 記述하고 있다.
Heidrun Gehlen,Judith Fisch,Roswitha Merle,Dagmar S. Trachsel 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.5
Background: Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID), a neurodegenerative disease leading to reduced dopamine production, is a common disease in aged horses. The treatment is based on administration of the dopamine agonist pergolide. This drug has been related to valvular fibrosis in humans, but the cardiovascular effect of this drug has not yet been investigated in horses. Objectives: To determine whether pergolide induces valvular disease in horses or affects the cardiac function. Methods: Standard, tissue Doppler (TDE) and two-dimensional speckle tracking (STE) echocardiography were performed in horses with diagnosed PPID based on adrenocorticotropic hormone dosage. Measurements taken in horses treated with pergolide were compared with those from untreated horses with nonparametric t-tests. Furthermore, measurements from follow-up examinations performed at least three months after the initial exam were compared with a Wilcoxon signed rank test for repeated measurements in each group. Results: Twenty-three horses were included. None of the 12 horses under treatment developed valvular regurgitation. Furthermore, no differences in the measurements of the left ventricular systolic or diastolic function could be seen between the group of horses with treatment and those without treatment. Measurements taken in the follow-up exam did not differ compared to those taken in the initial exam in both groups. Conclusions: No changes of the left ventricular function assessed by TDE and STE could be shown in a small population of horses with confirmed PPID. Treatment with pergolide did not affect the ventricular function nor induce valvular disease.
Alrwashdeh, Saad S.,Markotter, Henning,Haussmann, Jan,Hilger, Andre,Klages, Merle,Muller, Bernd R.,Kupsch, Andreas,Riesemeier, Heinrich,Scholta, Joachim,Manke, Ingo Korean Society of Microscopy 2017 Applied microscopy Vol.47 No.3
In this investigation, synchrotron X-ray imaging was used to investigate the water distribution inside newly developed gas diffusion media in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. In-situ radiography was used to reveal the relationship between the structure of the microporous layer (MPL) and the water flow in a newly developed MPL equipped with randomly arranged holes. A strong influence of these holes on the overall water transport was found. This contribution provides a brief overview to some of our recent activities on this research field.
Abou-Alfa, G.K.,Puig, O.,Daniele, B.,Kudo, M.,Merle, P.,Park, J.W.,Ross, P.,Peron, J.M.,Ebert, O.,Chan, S.,Poon, T.P.,Colombo, M.,Okusaka, T.,Ryoo, B.Y.,Minguez, B.,Tanaka, T.,Ohtomo, T.,Ukrainskyj, S Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 Journal of hepatology Vol.65 No.2
<P>Background & Aims: Codrituzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against Glypican-3 (GPC3) that is expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), interacts with CD16/FccRIIIa and triggers antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. Codrituzumab was studied vs. placebo in a randomized phase II trial in advanced HCC patients who had failed prior systemic therapy. Methods: Patients with advanced HCC who had failed prior systemic therapy, >= 18 years, Eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) 0-1, Child-Pugh A were randomized 2: 1 to biweekly codrituzumab 1600 mg vs. placebo. Patients were stratified based on GPC3 immunohistochemical expression: 2+/3+, 1+, and 0. Primary endpoint was progression free survival. Secondary endpoints include overall survival (OS), tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and an exploratory endpoint in biomarkers analysis. Results: 185 patients were enrolled: 125 received codrituzumab and 60 placebo: Median age 64/63, 85/75% male, 46/42% Asian, ECOG 0 65/63%, 74/77% having vascular invasion and/or extrahepatic metastasis. 84%/70% had prior sorafenib. Drug exposure was 98.4% of planned dose, with an identical adverse events profile between the 2 groups. The median progression free survival and overall survival in the codrituzumab vs. placebo groups in months were: 2.6 vs. 1.5 (hazard ratios 0.97, p = 0.87), and 8.7 vs. 10 (hazard ratios 0.96, p = 0.82). Projected Ctrough at cycle 3 day 1 based exposure, high CD16/FccRIIIa on peripheral immune cells, and GPC3 expression in the tumor, were all associated with prolonged progression free survival and overall survival. Conclusions: Codrituzumab did not show clinical benefit in this previously treated HCC population. Whether higher codrituzumab drug exposure or the use of CD16 and GPC3 as potential biomarkers would improve outcome remain unanswered questions. Lay summary: Codrituzumab is a manufactured antibody against a liver cancer protein called glypican-3. In this clinical trial, codrituzumab was not found be effective against liver cancer. It was suggested though that a higher dose of codrituzumab or selecting patients with high level of glypican-3 or its mediator CD16 might improve outcome. (C) 2016 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Michael W. Harding,Lyriam L. R. Marques,Nick Allan,Merle E. Olson,Brenton Buziak,Patricia Nadworny,Amin Omar,Ronald J. Howard,Jie Feng 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.4
Bacterial wilt is a re-emerging disease on dry bean and can affect many other crop species within the Fabaceae. The causal agent, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (CFF), is a small, Gram-positive, rodshaped bacterium that is seed-transmitted. Infections in the host become systemic, leading to wilting and economic loss. Clean seed programs and bactericidal seed treatments are two critical management tools. This study characterizes the efficacies of five bactericidal chemicals against CFF. It was hypothesized that this bacterium was capable of forming biofilms, and that the cells within biofilms would be more tolerant to bactericidal treatments. The minimum biocide eradication concentration assay protocol was used to grow CFF biofilms, expose the biofilms to bactericides, and enumerate survivors compared to a non-treated control (water). Streptomycin and oxysilver bisulfate had EC95 values at the lowest concentrations and are likely the best candidates for seed treatment products for controlling seed-borne bacterial wilt of bean. The results showed that CFF formed biofilms during at least two phases of the bacterial wilt disease cycle, and the biofilms were much more difficult to eradicate than their planktonic counterparts. Overall, biofilm formation by CFF is an important part of the bacterial wilt disease cycle in dry edible bean and antibiofilm bactericides such as streptomycin and oxysilver bisulfate may be best suited for use in disease management.