Biological Removal of H2S from the Livestock Manure Using a Biofilter

Mei Sheng Liang,Ying Liang 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.5

In this paper, the biological removal of H2S from air had been investigated using a self-made biofilter with efficient bioceramics and a polyhedral hollow ball. The biological removal efficiency of H2S had been analyzed at different experimental conditions, such as inlet H2S concentration, residence time, initial pH value, and reaction temperature etc. The results showed that the initial pH value had a slight effect on H2S removal efficiency from pH 3 to 9. The optimal initial pH value was 5.5, while the H2S removal efficiency was 100%. The H2S removal efficiency increased with increases in the nutrient solution spraying rate. The appropriate temperature was 25oC in the temperature range from 15 to 30oC. The H2S removal efficiency dropped with the increase of air input and inlet H2S concentration. After being isolated and screened, six strains of heterotrophic sulfide oxidizing bacteria and one strain autotrophic sulfide oxidizing bacteria were determined to be involved in the removal of H2S within the biofilter. The reaction kinetics of H2S was in accordance with first order reaction kinetics.

Associations of HSP90AA2 gene polymorphisms with disease susceptibility, glucocorticoids efficacy and health-related quality of life in Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Man Zhang,Su‑Su Li,Qiao‑Mei Xie,Jian‑Hua Xu,Xiu‑Xiu Sun,Fa‑Ming Pan,Sheng‑Qian Xu,Sheng‑Xiu Liu,Jin‑Hui Tao,Shuang Liu,Jing Cai,Pei‑Ling Chen,Long Qian,Chun‑Huai Wang,Chun‑Mei Liang,Hai‑Liang Huang,Ha 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.10

Although the current glucocorticoids (GCs) treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is effective to a certain extent, the difference in therapeutic effect between patients is still a widespread problem. Some patients can have repeated attacks that greatly diminish their quality of life. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between HSP90AA2 polymorphisms and disease susceptibility, GCs efficacy and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Chinese SLE patients. A case–control study was performed in 470 SLE patients and 470 normal controls. Then, 444 patients in the case group were followed up for 12 weeks to observe efficacy of GCs and improvement of HRQoL. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HSP90AA2 were selected for genotyping: rs1826330 and rs6484340. HRQoL was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. The minor T allele of rs1826330 and the TT haplotype formed by rs1826330 and rs6484340 showed associations with decreased SLE risk (T allele: PBH = 0.022; TT haplotype: PBH = 0.033). A significant association between rs6484340 and improvement of HRQoL was revealed in the follow-up study. Five subscales of SF-36 were appeared to be influenced by rs6484340: total score of SF-36 (additive model: PBH = 0.026), physical function (additive model: PBH = 0.026), rolephysical (recessive model: PBH = 0.041), mental health (dominant model: PBH = 0.047), and physical component summary (additive model: PBH = 0.026). No statistical significance was found between HSP90AA2 gene polymorphisms and GCs efficacy. These results revealed a genetic association between HSP90AA2 and SLE. Remarkably, HSP90AA2 has an impact on the improvement of HRQoL in Chinese population with SLE.

Computation Controllable Mode Decision and Motion Estimation for Scalable Video Coding

Liang-Wei Zheng,Gwo-Long Li,Mei-Juan Chen,Chia-Hung Yeh,Kuang-Han Tai,Jian-Sheng Wu 한국전자통신연구원 2013 ETRI Journal Vol.35 No.3

This paper proposes an efficient computation-aware mode decision and search point (SP) allocation algorithm for spatial and quality scalabilities in Scalable Video Coding. In our proposal, a linear model is derived to allocate the computation for macroblocks in enhancement layers by using the rate distortion costs of the base layer. In addition, an adaptive SP decision algorithm is proposed to decide the number of SPs for motion estimation under the constraint of the allocated computation. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm allocates the computation resource efficiently and outperforms other works in rate distortion performance under the same computational availability constraint.

Adaptive Synchronization of Leader-Follower Networked Systems against Communication Attenuation and Actuators Faults

Liang Dong,Jian-Hui Wang,Shu-Sheng Gu,Yuan-Bo Shi,Fang-Mei Zhao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2016 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.14 No.6

This paper addresses the adaptive asymptotic synchronization problem of a class of leader-follower largescale networked systems against communicated signal attenuation and actuator bias faults. Adaptive mechanismsare constructed to estimate each unknown faulty factor of communications and actuators on-line. Based on theestimations, an adaptive compensation controller is designed to automatically remove the unexpected impacts ofcommunication and actuator faults. Through the adaptive adjustment parameters and Lyapunov functions, theachievement of asymptotic synchronization of the leader-follower large-scale networked system with the improperactuator and faulty transmitted signals is obtained. Finally, the synchronization results are validated by a multiplevehicle large-scale device.

Factors that Influence the Presciption of Antipsychotics for Patients with Schizophrenia in China

Tian-Mei Si,Liang Shu,Ke-Qing Li,Xie-He Liu,Qi-Yi Mei,Gao-Hua Wang,Pei-Shen Bai,Li-Ping Ji,Xian-Sheng Chen,Cui Ma,Jian-Guo Shi,Hong-Yan Zhang,Hong Ma,Xin Yu 대한정신약물학회 2011 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.9 No.3

Objective: To investigate the patterns of antipsychotic use in China and to analyze the factors that influence antipsychotic prescriptions. Methods: A standardized survey was conducted from May 20 to 24 2002 in five different regions of China with varying economic levels. The patterns of antipsychotic medication use were analyzed in a sample of 4,779 patients with schizophrenia. The survey gathered information on demographic characteristics, clinical profiles, and antipsychotic medications prescribed. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze factors related to patterns of antipsychotic medication use. Results: A plurality of patients with schizophrenia was treated with clozapine (39%); this was followed by risperidone, sulpride,chlorpromazine, perphenazine, and haloperidol. More than 56.3% of patients were treated with only one atypical antipsychotic. The mean daily dose of chlorpromazine was 365±253 mg (mean±standard deviation), and 6.5% of patients were treated with depot injections of typical antipsychotic medications. A total of 73.7% (n=3,523) of patients with schizophrenia received monotherapy,24.8% (n=1,183) received two antipsychotics, 1.1% (n=52) received three antipsychotics, and one received four different antipsychotics. Patients often simultaneously received other classes of medications including anticholinergic agents, benzodiazepines,β-blockers, antidepressants, and mood stabilizers. Economic status and clinical symptoms were the main factors that contributed to the patterns of antipsychotic prescription. Conclusion: The present study suggests that atypical antipsychotic medications, especially clozapine, are the primary psychiatric treatments of choice in the management of schizophrenia in China. Moreover, the economic status and clinical profile of the patient are the major factors affecting the prescription of antipsychotic medication.

Isolation, Characterization, and Molecular Cloning of the cDNA Encoding a Novel Phytase from Aspergillus niger 113 and High Expression in Pichia pastoris

( Ai Sheng Xiong ),( Quan Hong Yao ),( Ri He Peng ),( Xian Li ),( Hui Qin Fan ),( Mei Jin Guo ),( Si Liang Zhang ) 생화학분자생물학회 2004 BMB Reports Vol.37 No.3

Phytases catalyze the release of phosphate from phytic acid. Phytase-producing microorganisms were selected by culturing the soil extracts on agar plates containing phytic acid. Two hundred colonies that exhibited potential phytase activity were selected for further study. The colony showing the highest phytase activity was identified as Aspergillus niger and designated strain 113. The phytase gene from A. niger 113 (phyII) was isolated, cloned, and characterized. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence identity between phyII and phyA from NRRL3135 were 90% and 98%, respectively. The identity between phyII and phyA from SK-57 was 89% and 96%. A synthetic phytase gene, phyIIs, was synthesized by successive PCR and transformed into the yeast expression vector carrying a signal peptide that was designed and synthesized using P. pustoris biased codon. For the phytase expression and secretion, the construct was integrated into the genome of I? pustoris by homologous recombination. Over-expressing strains were selected and fermented. It was discovered that -4.2 g phytase could be purified from one liter of culture fluid. The activity of the resulting phytase was 9.5 U/mg. Due to the heavy glycosylation, the expressed phytase varied in size (120, 95, 85, and 64 kDa), but could be deglycosylated to a homogeneous 64 kDa species. An enzymatic kinetics analysis showed that the phytase had two pH optima (pH 2.0 and pH 5.0) and anoptimum temperature of 60℃.

Use of Clozapine for the Treatment of Schizophrenia: Findings of the 2006 Research on the China Psychotropic Prescription Studies

Tian-Mei Si,Yun-shu Zhang,Liang Shu,Ke-Qing Li,Xie-He Liu,Qi-Yi Mei,Gao-Hua Wang,Pei-Shen Bai,Li-Ping Ji,Xian-Sheng Cheng,Cui Ma,Jian-Guo Shi,Hong-Yan Zhang,Hong Ma,Xin Yu 대한정신약물학회 2012 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.10 No.2

Objective: Clozapine is one of the most commonly used antipsychotic drugs in China. To date, few studies have investigated the patterns the prescription of clozapine nationwide. The present study examined these patterns in China in 2006 and identified the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with the use of clozapine. Methods: Using a standardized protocol and data collection procedure, we surveyed 5,898 patients with schizophrenia in 10provinces with differing levels of economic development. Results: Overall, clozapine had been prescribed for 31.9% (n=1,883) of the patients; however we found considerable variation among the 10 provinces. The frequency of clozapine use was highest in Sichuan (39.3%) and lowest in Beijing (17.3%). The mean daily dose of clozapine was 210.36±128.72 mg/day, and 25.1% of the patients were treated with clozapine in combination with other antipsychotics. Compared with the group not receiving clozapine, clozapine-user had been treated for longer durations and had experienced a greater number of relapses and hospitalizations. Furthermore, those in the clozapine-user had lower family incomes, were less able to seek psychiatric services, and more likely to be male and have a positive family history of schizophrenia. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age, sex, professional help-seeking behaviors, duration of illness, economic status, educational level, and clinical manifestations were associated with the use of clozapine. Conclusion: Clozapine use is common in China. However, use of the antipsychotic varies among provinces, and demographic and clinical factors play important roles in the prescription of clozapine.

Multimorbidity Pattern and Risk for Mortality Among Patients With Dementia: A Nationwide Cohort Study Using Latent Class Analysis

Che-Sheng Chu,Shu-Li Cheng,Ya-Mei Bai,Tung-Ping Su,Shih-Jen Tsai,Tzeng-Ji Chen,Fu-Chi Yang,Mu-Hong Chen,Chih-Sung Liang 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.9

Objective Individuals with dementia are at a substantially elevated risk for mortality; however, few studies have examined multimorbidity patterns and determined the inter-relationship between these comorbidities in predicting mortality risk.Methods This is a prospective cohort study. Data from 6,556 patients who were diagnosed with dementia between 1997 and 2012 using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database were analyzed. Latent class analysis was performed using 16 common chronic conditions to identify mortality risk among potentially different latent classes. Logistic regression was performed to determine the adjusted association of the determined latent classes with the 5-year mortality rate.Results With adjustment for age, a three-class model was identified, with 42.7% of participants classified as “low comorbidity class (cluster 1)”, 44.2% as “cardiometabolic multimorbidity class (cluster 2)”, and 13.1% as “FRINGED class (cluster 3, characterized by FRacture, Infection, NasoGastric feeding, and bleEDing over upper gastrointestinal tract).” The incidence of 5-year mortality was 17.6% in cluster 1, 26.7% in cluster 2, and 59.6% in cluster 3. Compared with cluster 1, the odds ratio for mortality was 9.828 (95% confidence interval [CI]=6.708–14.401; p<0.001) in cluster 2 and 1.582 (95% CI=1.281–1.953; p<0.001) in cluster 3.Conclusion Among patients with dementia, the risk for 5-year mortality was highest in the subpopulation characterized by fracture, urinary and pulmonary infection, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and nasogastric intubation, rather than cancer or cardiometabolic comorbidities. These findings may improve decision-making and advance care planning for patients with dementia.

중국의 은행 법제에 관한 연구

노태석,Liang Sheng mei 은행법학회 2011 은행법연구 Vol.4 No.2

중국의 은행제도는 WTO 가입 이후 상당히 적극적으로 발전을 거듭하고 있으나, 아직까지 완벽한 법제를 구비하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 중국 내에서도 이러한 문제점을 인식하고 이에 대한 개선책들을 마련하고 있기 때문에 앞으로 중국의 은행제도는 상당히 많은 변화된 모습을 보일 것으로 예상되고 있다. 중국 은행법의 역사는 상당히 오래되었으나, 현재와 같은 은행법제는 2003년 「은행업감독관리법 (銀行業監督管理法)」의 제정과 「인민은행법(中國人民銀行法)」과 「상업은행법(商業銀行法)」의 개정을 통하여 이루어졌다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 중국 은행법제의 특색으로는 상업은행법, 은행업감독관리법, 인민은행법, 외자은행관리조례 등을 중심으로 여러 법규들이 산재되어 있고, 엄격한 분업주의를 유지하고 있기 때문에 제한적인 범위 내에서만 겸업이 가능하고, 1행3회로 대변되는 분업감독체계를 들 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 은행법제의 문제점으로는 「상업은행법(商業銀行法)」등의 법률이 원칙적 규정으로 이루어져 있어 대부분의 규제가 감독기관의 부문규장으로 이루어져 감독기관의 과도한 통제와 개입으로 은행산업의 발전을 저해하고, 은행의 경쟁력을 약화시키고 있으며, 효과적이고 체계적인 관리감독이 이루어지지 않는다는 점이 지적되고 있다. 또한 법률상 예금보험제도의 부재와 금융지주회사 규제 체제의 미비도 문제로 거론되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 중국정부는 다양한 금융개혁 조치를 취하고 있으며, 금융시장의 변화에 능동적으로 대처하기 위한 다양한 정책적 수단을 강구하고 있어 그다지 염려할 일은 아니라고 본다. 우리나라가 앞으로 중국의 금융시장에 진출하기 위해서는 중국의 은행법제를 비롯한 금융법제에 대한 지속적인 연구를 통하여 중국의 금융제도에 대한 체계적인 이해를 바탕으로 진출 전략을 마련해야 하며, 감독기관간의 상호 교류와 협력을 바탕으로 긴밀한 협력 관계를 유지해야 할 것이다.

Isolation, Characterization, and Molecular Cloning of the cDNA Encoding a Novel Phytase from Aspergillus niger 113 and High Expression in Pichia pastoris

Xiong, Ai Sheng,Yao, Quan-Hong,Peng, Ri-He,Li, Xian,Fan, Hui-Qin,Guo, Mei-Jin,Zhang, Si-Liang Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2004 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.37 No.3

Phytases catalyze the release of phosphate from phytic acid. Phytase-producing microorganisms were selected by culturing the soil extracts on agar plates containing phytic acid. Two hundred colonies that exhibited potential phytase activity were selected for further study. The colony showing the highest phytase activity was identified as Aspergillus niger and designated strain 113. The phytase gene from A. niger 113 (phyI1) was isolated, cloned, and characterized. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence identity between phyI1 and phyA from NRRL3135 were 90% and 98%, respectively. The identity between phyI1 and phyA from SK-57 was 89% and 96%. A synthetic phytase gene, phyI1s, was synthesized by successive PCR and transformed into the yeast expression vector carrying a signal peptide that was designed and synthesized using P. pastoris biased codon. For the phytase expression and secretion, the construct was integrated into the genome of P. pastoris by homologous recombination. Over-expressing strains were selected and fermented. It was discovered that ~4.2 g phytase could be purified from one liter of culture fluid. The activity of the resulting phytase was 9.5 U/mg. Due to the heavy glycosylation, the expressed phytase varied in size (120, 95, 85, and 64 kDa), but could be deglycosylated to a homogeneous 64 kDa species. An enzymatic kinetics analysis showed that the phytase had two pH optima (pH 2.0 and pH 5.0) and an optimum temperature of $60^{\circ}C$.