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Mbante II Appolinaire Roland,고종환 Ko, Jong-Hwan 한독경상학회 2024 經商論叢 Vol.42 No.1
Trade facilitation is vital in reducing cross-border trade costs and increasing economic benefits regionally and globally. This study aims to examine the impact of trade facilitation on the efficiency of Cameroon’s exports to its trading partners. This study applies a time-varying stochastic frontier gravity model (SFGM) approach and maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) using panel data from 2010 to 2021. The results reveal that the exporter's GDP per capita negatively affects export flows, while the importing countries' population size positively affects Cameroon's export efficiency, and distance reduces export flows. Examining trade facilitation variables indicates that Cameroon's average untapped export potential is US$ 44.7 million. In addition, variables such as exchange rate, free trade agreements, political stability, and port infrastructure have a significant impact on export efficiency. Meanwhile, import tariffs and the exporter’s corruption index remain trade barriers. This study provides a comprehensive empirical assessment of the impact of trade facilitation on Cameroon's export efficiency by applying the SFGM. The findings of this study suggest the following policy recommendations: Cameroon should engage in multiple trade agreements to reduce tariffs on imports from Cameroon by its trading partners, modernize the port infrastructure in Douala and Kribi to reduce the time required to transport goods, and create an anti-corruption agency to reduce the rate of corruptions in the economy. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to empirically analyze the impact of trade facilitation on the export efficiency of Cameroon using the time-varying SFGM approach.
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Revealed Trade Competitiveness between Korea and Japan. Is It Viable to Deepen Economic Integration?
Geoffrey Musyoki Kitetu,Appolinaire Roland Mbante II,Jong-Hwan Ko 한국무역연구원 2021 The International Academy of Global Business and T Vol.17 No.2
Purpose – This study examines the trade competitiveness and complementarity of the economic structures of Korea and Japan. We focus on the sectors likely to be directly affected if the export control measures introduced by Japan on its exports of semiconductor machinery and raw materials to Korea in July 2019 are prolonged. Design/Methodology/Approach – The analysis applies Balassa’s Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), the Normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage (NRCA), the Bilateral Revealed Comparative Advantage (BRCA), the Relative Trade Advantage (RTA), and the Trade Complementarity indices to examine Korea’s and Japan’s trade competitiveness, bilaterally and globally. The empirical analysis focuses on forty-six major traded sectors and five Electronic integrated circuit-related industries, based on two-digit and six-digit data, respectively. Data applied is from the UNComtrade database. Findings – Expectantly, where Korea has bilateral trade competitiveness, Japan has a disadvantage, and vice versa. A sharp decline in the calculated results for sector HS854232 (Electric, integrated circuit sector) of Korea in 2019 in all indices compared to other periods is identified. Additionally, empirical results indicate that the export control measures by Japan have an immediate impact on Korea’s trade competitiveness, especially the Electronic integrated circuits and memory sector. Research Implications – This study provides an impact assessment of the export control measures imposed by Japan on its exports of semiconductor raw materials and machinery to Korea on the trade competitiveness of Korea, focusing on the Electric, integrated circuit sector at six-digit HS product classification. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to empirically analyze the impact of the export control measures by Japan on its exports of semiconductor raw materials on the trade competitiveness of Korea at the six-digit HS product code.
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