An Interview with Professor Mauro Zamboni : Striking Balance Between Law and Politics

( Mauro Zamboni ),( Jongcheol Kim ) 연세대학교 법학연구원 공공거버넌스와 법센터 2017 연세 공공거버넌스와 법 Vol.8 No.2

Professor Jongcheol Kim, interviewed Professor Mauro Zamboni on June 27, 2017, as part of his visit to Yonsei University. This interview records Mauro Zamboni`s encounter with legislative study, introduces his study on legislative models, discusses issues in the bordering realm of politics and law, and explores concepts as varied as legislative impact assessment, corporate social responsibility(CSR), constitutionalism, and the thought of Teubner. It provides new insight into Zamboni`s philosophy and theoretical backgrounds, while opening new avenues of research for scholars in legislative study in the future.

LEGISLATION IMPACT ASSESSMENT BETWEEN LEGISLATIVE OUTPUTS AND LEGISLATIVE OUTCOMES: A LEGAL THEORETICAL CONTRIBUTION

Mauro Zamboni 국회입법조사처 2024 입법과 정책 Vol.16 No.1

Before delving into the procedures or criteria for assessing the impact of specific legislation, a preliminary question must be addressed—a question that significantly shapes both the nature and goals of the entire assessment process: What precisely does one assess? Despite the pivotal nature of this question, a review of the current legal discourse, encompassing both legally binding documents and scholarship on impact assessment, reveals a lack of a clear answer. Given this scenario, the goal of this contribution is to employ legal theoretical analysis to elucidate the impacts that legislative impact assessment aims to evaluate. Consequently, it seeks to determine whether a distinction, and possibly a priority ranking, is necessary, at least from the perspective of legal discourse, among the criteria legislators must use when assessing the potential impacts of legislation before enactment. To achieve this objective, this contribution outlines a four-part approach to enhance legislative impact assessment. Part One stresses the importance of legal theory exploring both the formation and consequences of laws, critiquing the limited focus of risk analysis on economic, social, and cultural effects. Part Two highlights the need to differentiate between legislative outputs and outcomes in the assessment process, considering impacts within the legal system and broader societal effects. Part Three argues that, due to the legalization of legislative processes, legal logic dominates, emphasizing the necessity of evaluating legal impacts to assess legislation’s effects on the community. Lastly, Part Four proposes specific steps for improvement, including separating the assessment of legislative outputs, involving external legal experts, and integrating AI for more efficient and accurate legal analysis.

Lunar ascent and orbit injection via locally-flat near-optimal guidance and nonlinear reduced-attitude control

Mauro, Pontani Techno-Press 2022 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.9 No.5

This work deals with an explicit guidance and control architecture for autonomous lunar ascent and orbit injection, i.e., the locally-flat near-optimal guidance, accompanied by nonlinear reduced-attitude control. This is a new explicit guidance scheme, based on the local projection of the position and velocity variables, in conjunction with the real-time solution of the associated minimum-time problem. A recently-introduced quaternion-based reduced-attitude control algorithm, which enjoys quasi-global stability properties, is employed to drive the longitudinal axis of the ascent vehicle toward the desired direction. Actuation, based on thrust vectoring, is modeled as well. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations prove the effectiveness of the guidance, control, and actuation architecture proposed in this study for precise lunar orbit insertion, in the presence of nonnominal flight conditions.

Delayed puberty versus hypogonadism: a challenge for the pediatrician

Mauro Bozzola,Elena Bozzola,Chiara Montalbano,Filomena Andreina Stamati,Pietro Ferrara,Alberto Villani 대한소아내분비학회 2018 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.23 No.2

Constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) is the most common cause of delayed puberty (DP), is mainly found in males, and is characterized by short stature and delayed skeletal maturation. A family history of the subject comprising the timing of puberty in the parents and physical examination may provide clues regarding the cause of DP. Delayed onset of puberty is rarely considered a disease in either sex. In fact, DP usually represents a common normal variant in pubertal timing, with favorable outcomes for final height and future reproductive capacity. In adolescents with CDGP, a linear growth delay occurs until immediately before the start of puberty, then the growth rate rapidly increases. Bone age is often delayed. CDGP is a diagnosis of exclusion; therefore, alternative causes of DP should be considered. Functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism may be observed in patients with transient delay in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis maturation due to associated conditions including celiac disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, kidney insufficiency, and anorexia nervosa. Permanent hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (pHH) showing low serum value of testosterone or estradiol and blunted follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH) and luteinizing hormones (LH) levels may be due to abnormalities in the central nervous system. Therefore, magnetic resonance imaging is necessary to exclude morphological abnormalities and neoplasia. Moreover, pHH may be isolated, as observed in Kallmann syndrome, or associated with other hormone deficiencies, as found in panhypopituitarism. Baseline or gonadotropin-releasing hormone pituitary stimulated gonadotropin level is not sufficient to easily differentiate CDGP from pHH. Low serum testosterone in male patients and low estradiol values in female patients, associated with high serum FSH and LH levels, suggest a diagnosis of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. A genetic analysis can reveal a chromosomal abnormality (e.g., Turner syndrome or Klinefelter syndrome). In cases where the adolescent with CDGP is experiencing psychological difficulties, treatment should be recommended.

Ethics and Plastic Surgery/What is Plastic Surgery?

Mauro Barone,Annalisa Cogliandro,Paolo Persichetti 대한성형외과학회 2017 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.44 No.1

Les sûretés-propriétés : un aperçu du droit continental

Mauro Bussani,Michel Grimaldi 인하대학교 법학연구소 2014 法學硏究 Vol.17 No.3

The round-the-clock technique for correction of gynecomastia

Mauro Tarallo,Giuseppe Di Taranto,Nefer Fallico,Diego Ribuffo 대한성형외과학회 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.3

Background Gynecomastia is a common condition that can cause severe emotional and physical distress in both young and older men. Patients in whom symptomatic recalcitrant gynecomastia persists for a long time are potential candidates for surgery. Methods From January 2014 to January 2016, 15 patients underwent correction of gynecomastia through a single 3-mm incision at our institution. Only patients with true gynecomastia underwent surgery with this new technique. Through the small incision, sharp dissection was performed in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction describing two half-circles. Health-related quality of life and aesthetic outcomes were evaluated using a modified version of the Breast Evaluation Questionnaire (BEQ). Results The patients’ average age was 23.5 years (range, 18–28 years), and their average body mass index was 23.2 kg/m2 (range, 19.2–25.3 kg/m2). One case was unilateral and 14 cases were bilateral. The weight of glandular tissue resected from each breast ranged from 80 to 170 g. No excess skin was excised. Bleeding was minimal. The mean operating time was 25 minutes (range, 21–40 minutes). No complications were recorded. All lesions were histologically benign. The patients’ average score was 3.5 (on a 5-point Likert scale) in all domains of the BEQ for themselves and their partners. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated the safety and reliability of a new technique that allows mastectomy through an imperceptible 3-mm incision. We obtained high patient satisfaction scores using our surgical technique, and patients reported considerable improvement in their social, physical, and psychological well-being after surgery.

Legislating Education: Finding the Right Model…But Not in Sweden!

Mauro Zamboni,Maria Refors Legge 한국법제연구원 2020 KLRI journal of law and legislation Vol.10 No.2

Law-making is always a difficult task: it involves forcing general models of behavior, which are normally supposed to be valid over time and space, upon a vast population of individuals and articulated organizations of human beings. This undertaking means that the activity of legislating implies forcing a general solution upon specific and often extremely differentiated individual situations; in the best-case scenario, this solution might be valid for a majority of individuals, but could definitely be troublesome for an extensive minority of the targeted population. If one looks in particular to the legislation on education, this “flaw” becomes even more tangible due to the delicate and specific nature of the field that the legislation is expected to regulate. First, formal education is the central component for modern society: at least in its advanced capitalistic form, the applicable motto is still “knowledge is power.” Second, despite its crucial role in society, legislating education is also difficult because the positions tend to diverge enormously in terms of how education and other fundamental components of contemporary society should be structured. By looking at the Swedish legislative example (and its failure), this paper illustrates the necessity of choosing the right model of legislative policy. The right model, as it will be argued in this paper, is one that moves the legislative law-making process closer to the direct target of the education, namely the students (and, to some extent, the teachers). More specifically, this reduction of distance between regulators and recipient should be done by opening the way for direct and increased involvement of the school administration in the creation of regulatory processes.

Pectin and SDS as auxiliary flocculants for complementary treatment of textile wastewater by electrocoagulation

Mauro Cosme de Carvalho Góes,Marcos Paulo Ribeiro Garcez,Andréa Roberta Ferreira Siqueira,Thiago Palhares Farias,Claudemir Gomes de Santana,Jonas de Jesus Gomes da Costa Neto,Cicero Wellington Brito B 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.8

Textile wastewaters currently remain as one of the major sources of environmental pollution. In addition to the presence of several recalcitrant species, the volume of the effluent to be treated is usually quite high, due to the excessive consumption of water in this kind of processing. To avoid all the negative impacts associated with the discharge of these untreated effluents, effective remediation techniques should be applied. Although there are currently several methods available, due to complexity and volume of the wastewater, combined technologies can provide better efficiency, lower cost and less time consumption. In this work, electrocoagulation (EC) combined with the conventional flocculation process was studied for the removal of methylene blue dye (MB) in aqueous medium. Under specific EC conditions (4 pairs of electrodes, 2.5 cm spacing, electrolysis time of 203min, pHinitial 4, 32 V, 1.5 A) it was possible to remove 63% of the dye. Combining EC with conventional flocculation, a notable reduction in electrolysisrequired time (203 to 60 min), dye (99.8%), color (100%) and turbidity (99.2%) was observed.

Posterior Titanium Screw Fixation without Debridement of Infected Tissue for the Treatment of Thoracolumbar Spontaneous Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis

Mauro Dobran,Maurizio Iacoangeli,Davide Nasi,Niccolo Nocchi,Alessandro Di Rienzo,Lucia di Somma,Roberto Colasanti,Carmela Vaira,Roberta Benigni,Valentina Liverotti,Massimo Scerrati 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.3

Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: The aim of our study was to analyze the safety and effectiveness of posterior pedicle screw fixation for treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis (PSD) without formal debridement of the infected tissue. Overview of Literature: Posterior titanium screw fixation without formal debridement of the infected tissue and anterior column reconstruction for the treatment of PSD is still controversial. Methods: From March 2008 to June 2013, 18 patients with PSD underwent posterior titanium fixation with or without decompression, according to their neurological deficit. Postero-lateral fusion with allograft transplantation alone or bone graft with both the allogenic bone and the autologous bone was also performed. The outcome was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and the Frankel grading system for neurological status. Normalization both of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was adopted as criterion for discontinuation of antibiotic therapy and infection healing. Segmental instability and fusion were also analyzed. Results: At the mean follow-up time of 30.16 months (range, 24–53 months), resolution of spinal infection was achieved in all patients. The mean CRP before surgery was 14.32±7.9 mg/dL, and at the final follow-up, the mean CRP decreased to 0.5±0.33 mg/ dL (p <0.005). Follow-up computed tomography scan at 12 months after surgery revealed solid fusion in all patients. The VAS before surgery was 9.16±1.29 and at the final follow-up, it improved to 1.38±2.03, which was statistically significant (p <0.05). Eleven patients out of eighteen (61.11%) with initial neurological impairment had an average improvement of 1.27 grades at the final follow-up documented with the Frankel grading system. Conclusions: Posterior screw fixation with titanium instrumentation was safe and effective in terms of stability and restoration of neurological impairment. Fixation also rapidly reduced back pain.