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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Matthias Blüher (검색결과 3 건)
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Clinical Relevance of Adipokines
Matthias Blüher 대한당뇨병학회 2012 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.36 No.5
The incidence of obesity has increased dramatically during recent decades. Obesity increases the risk for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and may therefore contribute to premature death. With increasing fat mass, secretion of adipose tissue derived bioactive molecules (adipokines) changes towards a pro-inflammatory, diabetogenic and atherogenic pattern. Adipokines are involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety, energy expenditure, activity, endothelial function, hemostasis, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, energy metabolism in insulin sensitive tissues, adipogenesis, fat distribution and insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. Therefore, adipokines are clinically relevant as biomarkers for fat distribution, adipose tissue function, liver fat content, insulin sensitivity, chronic inflammation and have the potential for future pharmacological treatment strategies for obesity and its related diseases. This review focuses on the clinical relevance of selected adipokines as markers or predictors of obesity related diseases and as potential therapeutic tools or targets in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Consequences of Obesity on the Sense of Taste: Taste Buds as Treatment Targets?
Kerstin Rohde,Imke Schamarek,Matthias Blüher 대한당뇨병학회 2020 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.44 No.4
Premature obesity-related mortality is caused by cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, physical disabilities, osteoarthritis, and certain types of cancer. Obesity is caused by a positive energy balance due to hyper-caloric nutrition, low physical activity, and energy expenditure. Overeating is partially driven by impaired homeostatic feedback of the peripheral energy status in obesity. However, food with its different qualities is a key driver for the reward driven hedonic feeding with tremendous consequences on calorie consumption. In addition to visual and olfactory cues, taste buds of the oral cavity process the earliest signals which affect the regulation of food intake, appetite and satiety. Therefore, taste buds may play a crucial role how food related signals are transmitted to the brain, particularly in priming the body for digestion during the cephalic phase. Indeed, obesity development is associated with a significant reduction in taste buds. Impaired taste bud sensitivity may play a causal role in the pathophysiology of obesity in children and adolescents. In addition, genetic variation in taste receptors has been linked to body weight regulation. This review discusses the importance of taste buds as contributing factors in the development of obesity and how obesity may affect the sense of taste, alterations in food preferences and eating behavior.
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Yoo, H. J.,Hwang, S. Y.,Cho, G. J.,Hong, H. C.,Choi, H. Y.,Hwang, T. G.,Kim, S. M.,Blü,her, Matthias,Youn, Byung-Soo,Baik, S. H.,Choi, K. M. The Endocrine Society 2013 The Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism Vol.98 No.7
<P><B>Context and Objective:</B></P><P>Glypican-4 was identified as a novel adipokine capable of enhancing insulin signaling and modulating adipocyte differentiation. We investigated associations between glypican-4 and body composition, insulin resistance, arterial stiffness, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in nondiabetic Asian subjects.</P><P><B>Design and Participants:</B></P><P>We analyzed baseline cross-sectional data from the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study. NAFLD was diagnosed by unenhanced computed tomography using the liver attenuation index. We also examined the effects of a 3-month combined aerobic and resistance exercise program on glypican-4 levels and cardiometabolic risk factors.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Circulating glypican-4 levels were higher in men than in women (1.83 [1.19, 2.78] ng/mL vs 1.17 [0.66, 2.00] ng/mL, <I>P</I> < .001) and had a significant positive relationship with the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (<I>r</I> = 0.20, <I>P</I> = .014) and the ratio of visceral to sc fat area (<I>r</I> = 0.30, <I>P</I> < .001). Furthermore, glypican-4 levels in women were correlated with cardiometabolic risk factors, including insulin resistance and arterial stiffness, and were independently associated with NAFLD by multiple logistic regression analysis (<I>P</I> = .017, <I>R</I><SUP>2</SUP> = 0.33). The 3-month combined exercise training program significantly improved several cardiometabolic parameters and reduced retinol binding protein-4 levels. Changes in glypican-4 levels after the exercise program were significantly different between subjects with an increased WHR compared with those with a decreased WHR (<I>P</I> = .034).</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>A gender-based difference in circulating glypican-4 levels was apparent as these were increased in women with NAFLD and related to body fat distribution, insulin resistance, and arterial stiffness.</P>
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