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Intracranial Pressure and Experimental Model of Diffuse Brain Injury in Rats
Blaha, Martin,Schwab, Juraj,Vajnerova, Olga,Bednar, Michal,Vajner, Ludek,Michal, Tichy The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2010 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.47 No.1
Objective: In this study, we present a simple closed head injury model as a two-stage experiment. The height of the weight drop enables gradation of head trauma severity. Methods: The head injury device consists of three parts and there are three adjustable parameters-weight (100-600 g). height of fall (5-100 cm) and elasticity of the springs. Thirty male Wistar rats underwent monitoring of intracranial pressure with and without induction of the head injury. Results: The weight drop from 45 to 100 cm led to immediate seizure activity and early death of the experimental animals. Severe head injury was induced from 40 cm weight drop. There was 50% mortality and all surviving rats had behavioral deterioration. Intracranial pressure was 9.3${\pm}$3.76 mmHg. Moderate head injury was induced from 35 cm, mortality decreased to 20-40%, only half of the animals showed behavioral pathology and intracranial pressure was 7.6${\pm}$3.54 mmHg. Weight drop from 30 cm caused mild head injury without mortality and neurological deterioration. Intracranial pressure was slightly higher compared to sham group- 5.5${\pm}$0.74 mmHg and 2.9${\pm}$0.81 mmHg respectively. Conclusion: This model is an eligible tool to create graded brain injury with stepwise intracranial pressure elevation.
Thermo physiological comfort of single jersey knitted fabric derivatives
Rajesh Mishra,Hafsa Jamshaid,Sheraz Hussain Siddique Yosfani,Uzair Hussain,Muhammad Nadeem,Michal Petru,Martin Tichy,Miroslav Muller 한국의류학회 2021 Fashion and Textiles Vol.8 No.1
The main aim of this study is to determine the thermo-physiological comfort properties of single knit fabrics and their derivatives. As the Single Jersey knitted fabrics are the most widely used fabrics in the apparel sector, they have been selected for the analysis purpose. Derivatives of single jersey are developed and compared in order to understand the infuence of structural variations. Physical properties e.g. thickness and areal density were evaluated for all knitted fabrics with 100% cotton yarn having three diferent yarn linear densities and after diferent stages of relaxation. Various thermo-physiological properties have been studied by changing the combed cotton yarn linear density as well as the structure of single knit fabric. Air permeability, thermal insulation and relative water vapor permeability of the fabrics were observed and investigated under wet relaxed states. It is determined that fabric physical properties are afected by changing yarn linear density and by the dry or wet relaxation stages. The percentage/number of tuck stitches (NTS), location of tuck stitches (LTS) and ratio of tuck to knit stitches (RTKS) have strong infuence on physical and thermo-physiological properties of single knit fabrics, even though other knitting parameters remained the same.