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Manju Chandran,Yun Ann Chin,Kuan Swen Choo,Wan Chen Ang,Xiao Feng Huang,Xiao Ming Liu,Donovan Tay,Tin Kyaw Kyaw Aung,Amin Ali,Win Pa Pa Thu,Susan Logan,Sean Xuexian Yan,Sarath Lekamwasam,Ying Hao 대한골다공증학회 2020 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.6 No.2
Objectives: The accuracy of FRAX® as a screening tool to identify osteoporosis and how it compares with tools such as Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA), in Southeast Asian women has so far been unexplored. We aimed to determine the FRAX® thresholds that accurately identify densitometric osteoporosis and to compare its performance with that of OSTA for this purpose. Methods: Singaporean postmenopausal women (n ¼ 1056) were evaluated. FRAX® Major Osteoporotic Fracture Probability (MOFP), Hip Fracture Probability (HFP) scores, and OSTA indices were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and via the Youden index, the optimal cut-off points of balanced sensitivity and specificity for dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-defined osteoporosis were identified and the performance characteristics were compared. Results: A FRAX® MOFP threshold of ≥3.7% had sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 0.78 (0.73-0.83), 0.63 (0.59-0.66), 0.4 (0.36-0.44), and 0.9 (0.87-0.92), respectively in identifying osteoporosis. The corresponding values for a HFP threshold of 0.6% were 0.85 (0.80-0.89), 0.58 (0.55-0.62), 0.39 (0.35-0.43), and 0.92 (0.9-0.94) and that for an OSTA index cut-off of ≥ -1.2 were 0.76 (0.70-0.81), 0.74 (0.71-0.77), 0.48 (0.43-0.54), and 0.91 (0.88-0.93). The area under the ROC curves were 82.8% (79.9%-85.6%), 77.6% (74.2%-81%), and 79.6% (76.5%-82.8%) for OSTA, MOFP, and HFP thresholds respectively. Conclusions: FRAX® and OSTA perform comparably in identifying osteoporosis in our population. OSTA has only 2 parameters and may be simpler to use. However, FRAX® may also have a role in primary screening to identify the postmenopausal woman to be referred for DXA scanning and may help facilitate fracture risk reduction discussions with the patient.
Manju Sharma,KK Pillai,Abul K Najmi,Tarique Anwer,Yasmin Sultana 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2007 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.7 No.1
Free radicals are known to play important role in pathophysiology of hepatic disorders and antioxidants are employed along with other chemotherapeutic agents in treatment of such diseases. In search of natural antioxidant, successive extracts of Hypericum (H.) hookerianum (Family: Hypericaceae) were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo methods. Extracts of aerial parts of H. hookerianum were subjected for 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH assay), nitric oxide radicals scavenging assay and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Methanolic extract was found to be more active than other extracts in DPPH and in vitro TBARS assay with IC50 at 5.82 ± 1.33 μg/ml and 49.78 ± 3.79 μg/ml respectively. While petroleum ether extract showed more potentials in scavenging the nitric oxide radicals with IC50 220.97 ± 2.69 μg/ml. The administration of CCl4 to the control animals caused decrease in the level of catalase and superoxide dismutase, together with significant increase in the level of TBARS in liver and kidney. Reversal of these changes towards normal group was observed by administration of H. hookerianum methanolic extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, while other extracts were found to be less active.
화학물질들의 면역독성 모니터링을 위한 THP-1 수지상세포주 활용
( Manju Acharya ),( Ravi Gautam ),( Anju Maharjan ),조지훈 ( Ji-hun Jo ),이다은 ( Daeun Lee ),박현지 ( Hyunji Park ),김유빈 ( Yubin Kim ),박성민 ( Sungmin Park ),허용 ( Yong Heo ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2020 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.18 No.1
Alternative test methods have been developed for various areas of toxicologic evaluation including skin sensitization or irritation, eye irritation, genotoxicity, or carcinogenicity. Whereas, alternative test method, especially based on in vitro approach, for screening immunotoxic substances was not actively challenged and therein, no test guideline has not been officialized internationally. THP-1 dendritic cell line was chosen for developing in vitro alternative test method for screening immunotoxic chemical or medicinal substances. Regarding major pathway for immune suppression or non-specific immune enhancement, antigen presenting cell is considered as most important target immune cells. Two test substances representing immune-enhancement(ribavirin) or immune-suppression (cyclophosphamide) were tested whether production of cytokines or chemokines is differentially modulated through supplementation of 0.01x, 0.1x, and 0.5x 75% cell viability(CV75) concentration of those compounds. Cell culture supernatants were collected at 24 h after the activation with 1 ㎍/㎖ lipopolysaccharide. Relative cytokine production levels (% versus each vehicle control, RCPL) were calculated. Production of all 27 cytokines evaluated was confirmed, which included IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7,IL-8, IL-9,IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, Eatoxin, FGF basic, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFNγ, IP-10, MCP-1, PDGF-BB, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, RANTES, TNFα, VEGF. Treatment of ribavirin demonstrated all the RCPL values over 100% at 0.01x and 0.1x CV75 concentration. Treatment of cyclosphosphamide demonstrated the RCPL values below 100%except IL-12(0.01x), IL-13(0.1x), MCP-1(0.01x), TNFα (0.01x, 0.1x, and 0.5x), and VEGF(0.01x, 0.1x, and 0.5x). This findings suggest that THP-1 cell line is a valuable cell line to develop an in vitro alternative test method for screening immunotoxic chemical substances.
Manju Chandran,John P.Bilezikian,Nurshazwani Mat Salleh,Hao Ying,Joel Lau,James Lee,Mechteld C. deJong,Aye Chan Maung,Rajeev Parameswaran 대한골다공증학회 2022 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.8 No.1
Objectives: We sought to assess the incidence of hungry bone syndrome (HBS) following parathyroidectomy (PTX) for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in a cohort of multi-ethnic patients from a developed country in the Asia Pacific. Methods: One hundred and sixty-four patients who underwent PTX for PHPT between 2012 and 2019 at the 2 largest public hospitals in Singapore were identified. HBS was defined as serum albumin-adjusted calcium ≤ 2.1 mmol/L with normal or raised serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels, manifesting on or after the 3rd day, or persisting for more than 3 days post-operatively. Results: Chinese constituted 73.8%, Malays 12.2%, Indians 9.8%, and other races 4.3%. HBS developed in 4 patients (2.4%) (95% CI, 0.8%-6.5%). HBS patients had significantly longer in-hospital stays; 20 days [IQR:15-22] vs 2 days [IQR:1-3]; P < 0.001in those who did not develop HBS. There was no difference in the incidence of HBS stratifying for age, sex, vitamin D status, or use of preoperative anti-resorptive medication use. For every 10 unit increase in iPTH and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, the risk of HBS increased by 14% and 11%; RR (95% CI), 1.14 (1.05-1.21) and 1.11 (1.03-1.18), respectively. Conclusions: The low incidence of HBS in multi-ethnic patients undergoing PTX by multiple surgeons for PHPT at the 2 largest public hospitals that see the most such patients in Singapore, a developed country, is consistent with the asymptomatic/milder form of presentation of PHPT in the developed world.
Manju Rawat,Vijaya Kumar Bulasara 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.3
Ceramic microfiltration membranes were prepared using five different compositions formulated with different amounts of fly ash and kaolin and sintered at 900 oC. The SEM analysis evidenced a large number of small pores on the surface of kaolin-rich membranes. The M4 membrane prepared using 25% fly ash and 50% kaolin was found to be optimum as it had a good combination of pore size (0.885 μm), porosity (42.7%), mechanical strength (43.6MPa), and chemical stability (<3% weight loss in acid and 0.02% in base), and this membrane was successfully applied in separation of humic acid from water. The permeate flux data fitted very closely with cake-filtration model, indicating the formation of a cake layer on membrane surface. Membrane fouling was found to be reversible and easily negated by cleaning and backflushing. The regenerated membrane showed better rejection of humic acid than fresh membrane with a flux recovery of above 80%.
Application of polyaniline as enzyme based biosensor
Manju Gerard,말호트라 한국물리학회 2005 Current Applied Physics Vol.5 No.2
The PANI lms have been synthesized electrochemically and are used as matrix for immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOD)and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzymes. The temporal aspects of anion self-exchange in PANI lms have been investigated. Theexchange of bulkier tosylateferricyanide ion with Cl. ion has been monitored by photometry and electrochemical techniques. Therelative changes in porosity brought about by self-exchange have been experimentally determined to be 323 and 2125/k in tosylate-exchanged and ferricyanide-exchanged polyaniline lms, respectively. It is seen that the polyaniline lms exhibit enhanced loading ofglucose oxidase after a self-ion exchange, and, hence they can be used for the fabrication of a third generation glucose biosensor.Lactate is determined by the photometric detection of NADH formed in the reaction catalysed by LDH. Studies have been car-ried out with PANI as a matrix for the immobilization of LDH and its feasibility as a biosensor. The results of the photometric andamperometric measurements conducted on such LDH/PANI electrodes show a response to pyruvate concentration upto 0.45 mM, aresponse time of 90 s and a shelf life of about two weeks..
Manju Siliwal,Sanjay Molur,Robert Raven 국립중앙과학관 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.8 No.1
The new genus, Damarchilus gen. nov., is proposed with descriptions of two new species, Damarchilus nigricus sp. nov. and Damarchilus rufus sp. nov., from northeast India. External characters for the new genus and new species are examined and illustrated. In addition, the natural history of the species is provided.
Clinical aspects and management of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in patients with diabetes
Manju Chandran 대한골다공증학회 2017 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.3 No.3
Both diabetes and osteoporosis are assuming epidemic proportions throughout the world. Accumulating data suggest that both types 1 and 2 diabetes are associated with an increased risk of fragility fractures. This increased risk appears to be largely independent of bone mineral density (BMD) which is most often noted to be low in type 1 diabetes and normal or increased in type 2 diabetes. This review explores the clinical characteristics of bone fragility in patients with diabetes and highlights studies that have evaluated BMD and fracture prediction tools in these patients. It also briefly reviews the current management principles of osteoporosis in diabetes, with special emphasis on the impact of diabetes medications on bone health as well as explores the efficacy of currently available antiosteoporosis pharmacotherapy in the diabetic population.