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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Mamadou S. Diallo (검색결과 5 건)
- 무료
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Mining Critical Metals and Elements from Seawater: Opportunities and Challenges
Diallo, Mamadou S.,Kotte, Madhusudhana Rao,Cho, Manki American Chemical Society 2015 Environmental science & technology Vol.49 No.16
<P>The availability and sustainable supply of technology metals and valuable elements is critical to the global economy. There is a growing realization that the development and deployment of the clean energy technologies and sustainable products and manufacturing industries of the 21st century will require large amounts of critical metals and valuable elements including rare-earth elements (REEs), platinum group metals (PGMs), lithium, copper, cobalt, silver, and gold. Advances in industrial ecology, water purification, and resource recovery have established that seawater is an important and largely untapped source of technology metals and valuable elements. This feature article discusses the opportunities and challenges of mining critical metals and elements from seawater. We highlight recent advances and provide an outlook of the future of metal mining and resource recovery from seawater.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2015/esthag.2015.49.issue-16/acs.est.5b00463/production/images/medium/es-2015-004638_0008.gif'> <P>The availability and sustainable supply of technology metals and valuable elements is critical to the global economy. There is a growing realization that the development and deployment of the clean energy technologies and sustainable products and manufacturing industries of the 21st century will require large amounts of critical metals and valuable elements including rare-earth elements (REEs), platinum group metals (PGMs), lithium, copper, cobalt, silver, and gold. Advances in industrial ecology, water purification, and resource recovery have established that seawater is an important and largely untapped source of technology metals and valuable elements. This feature article discusses the opportunities and challenges of mining critical metals and elements from seawater. We highlight recent advances and provide an outlook of the future of metal mining and resource recovery from seawater.</P></P>
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Choi, Seungyeon,Chang, Barsa,Kang, Ji Hyun,Diallo, Mamadou S.,Choi, Jang Wook Elsevier 2017 Journal of membrane science Vol.541 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Seawater and brackish water constitute ~ 97% of the water on Earth. Therefore, future water shortages could be alleviated if we develop more efficient and cost-effective desalination technologies. Reverse osmosis (RO) has been established as the best available technology for commercial seawater (SW) desalination during the last two decades. Because the standard SWRO membrane element is designed to achieve a very high salt (NaCl) rejection (> 99%) with a low water recovery (~ 15%), current SWRO desalination plant design is based on the staging of arrays of RO membrane elements to achieve an overall water recovery of ~ 50% with an energy consumption of 3–4kWhperm<SUP>3</SUP> of water treated. Moreover, SWRO desalination plants generate substantial amounts of brines that must be disposed of. In addition, SWRO desalination plants require post-treatment including remineralization. Here, we report an energy-efficient hybrid desalination process for high salinity brackish water. This new desalination process couples flow capacitive deionization (FCDI) with nanofiltration (NF). Our experiments and energy calculations using a 10000ppm NaCl solution as model brackish water show that the energy consumption of the new FCDI-NF unit (0.460kWh_totalm<SUP>−3</SUP>) is lower by 16–20% than the best reported energy consumption (0.571kWhm<SUP>−3</SUP>) and the 1-stage practical minimum energy consumption (0.550kWhm<SUP>−3</SUP>) of a brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO) unit treating the same feed at 70% water recovery, while final total dissolved solids (TDS) are in the drinking water range.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Flow capacitive deionization (FCDI) is coupled with nanofiltration (NF). </LI> <LI> The performance of FCDI is improved by using polyurethane sponge as a water path. </LI> <LI> FCDI-NF yields drinkable water for 10000ppm NaCl feed with 70% water recovery. </LI> <LI> Energy consumption comparison between FCDI-NF and BWRO unit is performed. </LI> <LI> The energy consumption of FCDI-NF unit is lower than 1-stage BWRO unit by 16–20%. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Kotte, Madhusudhana Rao,Kuvarega, Alex T.,Cho, Manki,Mamba, Bhekie B.,Diallo, Mamadou. S. American Chemical Society 2015 Environmental science & technology Vol.49 No.16
<P>Advances in industrial ecology, desalination, and resource recovery have established that industrial wastewater, seawater, and brines are important and largely untapped sources of critical metals and elements. A <I>Grand Challenge</I> in metal recovery from industrial wastewater is to design and synthesize high capacity, recyclable and robust chelating ligands with tunable metal ion selectivity that can be efficiently processed into low-energy separation materials and modules. In our efforts to develop high capacity chelating membranes for metal recovery from impaired water, we report a one-pot method for the preparation of a new family of mixed matrix polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes with in situ synthesized poly(amidoamine) [PAMAM] particles. The key feature of our new membrane preparation method is the in situ synthesis of PAMAM dendrimer-like particles in the dope solutions prior to membrane casting using low-generation dendrimers (G0 and G1-NH<SUB>2</SUB>) with terminal primary amine groups as precursors and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as cross-linker. By using a combined thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) casting process, we successfully prepared a new family of asymmetric PVDF ultrafiltration membranes with (i) neutral and hydrophilic surface layers of average pore diameters of 22–45 nm, (ii) high loadings (∼48 wt %) of dendrimer-like PAMAM particles with average diameters of ∼1.3–2.4 μm, and (iii) matrices with sponge-like microstructures characteristics of membranes with strong mechanical integrity. Preliminary experiments show that these new mixed matrix PVDF membranes can serve as high capacity sorbents for Cu(II) recovery from aqueous solutions by ultrafiltration.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2015/esthag.2015.49.issue-16/acs.est.5b01594/production/images/medium/es-2015-01594n_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/es5b01594'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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