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Prakash, Y.,Somashekarappa, H.,Manjunath, A.,Mahadevaiah, Mahadevaiah,Somashekar, R. Techno-Press 2013 Advances in materials research Vol.2 No.1
The transition metal salt doped solid polymer electrolyte [TSPE] were prepared with HPMC as a host polymer. The virgin and doped films were prepared by solution-casting method and investigated using wide angle X-ray scattering method. Micro structural parameters like lattice strain (g%), stacking/twin faults, the average number of unit cells counted in a direction perpendicular to the Bragg's plane (hkl) spacing of (hkl) planes dhkl, crystallite size Ds, distortion width, standard deviation were determined by whole pattern powder fitting (WPPF) method, which is an extension of single order method. It is found that the crystallite size decreases with the increase in the content of $FeCl_3$. This decrease is due to increase in localized breaking of polymer network which also accounts for the amorphous nature of the material. The filler inorganic salt $FeCl_3$ acts as plasticizer. FTIR study also confirms and justifies the interaction between the polymer and in-organic salt in the matrix. Physical properties like mechanical stability and Ac conductivity in these films are in conformity with the X-ray results.
Jayapal Sharath,Rafi Ahmed Shahin Taj,Mahadevaiah Bhagya 한국생약학회 2022 Natural Product Sciences Vol.28 No.3
This study was conducted to characterise phytochemicals and to explore the biological activities of Vitex negundo leaves. The washed, course powder of V. negundo leaves were extracted with different solvents of increasing polarity. All the extracts were characterized and biological activities were compared. The results revealed that the ethanolic and cold water extracts showed the presence of all phytochemicals studied except protein compared to other extracts. Further, the quantitative estimation of phytochemicals showed that the ethanolic extract had highest yield and maximum amount of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids with the least amount of tannins compared to other extracts studied. Furthermore, the highest total polyphenol content corresponds with the potent biological activities. Indeed, in vitro antioxidant and antisteroidogenic activities were highest in the ethanolic extract than others. To conclude, the present study is the first to report the characterization and antiandrogenic property of V. negundo leaf extracts. The ethanolic extract of V. negundo leaves can be used as an antioxidant and antiandrogenic agent. Hence, it can be considered for the treatment of hyperandrogenic conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome, etc.
Manoj Kumar Reddy Somagutta,Utkarsha Uday,Nishat Shama,Narayana Reddy Bathula,Siva Pendyala,Ashwini Mahadevaiah,Greta Mahmutaj,Ngaba Negumadji Ngardig 대한가정의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.43 No.6
Background: The use of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) related to sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 in-hibitors (SGLT2i) use in people with diabetes has been increasingly reported. The causes are multifactorial, and di-etary changes in SGLT2i users were observed to trigger EDKA. A ketogenic diet or very low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD) enhances body ketosis by breaking down fats into energy sources, causing EDKA. This study aimed to un-derstand the patient specific risk factors and clinical characteristics of this cohort. Methods: Several databases were carefully analyzed to understand the patients’ symptoms, clinical profile, labora-tory results, and safety of dietary changes in SGLT2i’s. Thirteen case reports identifying 14 patients on a ketogenic diet and SGLT2i’s diagnosed with EDKA were reviewed. Results: Of the 14 patients, 12 (85%) presented with type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 2 (15%) presented with type-1 DM. The duration of treatment with SGLT2i before the onset of EDKA varies from 1 to 365 days. The duration of consuming a ketogenic diet or VLCD before EDKA onset varies from 1 to 90 days, with over 90% of patients hospi-talized <4 weeks after starting the diet. At presentation, average blood glucose was 167.50±41.80 mg/dL, pH 7.10±0.10, HCO3 8.1±3.0 mmol/L, potassium 4.2±1.1 mEq/L, anion-gap 23.6±3.5 mmol/L, and the average hemo-globin A1c was 10%±2.4%. The length of hospital stay ranged from 1 to 15 days. None of the patients were reinitiated on SGLT2i’s, and 50% (2/4) of the patients reported were on the ketogenic diet or VLCD upon patient questioning.Conclusion: Despite the popularity of the ketogenic diet and VLCD for weight loss, their use in diabetics taking SGLT2i’s is associated with EDKA. Physicians should educate patients with diabetes taking SGLT2i’s about the risk of EDKA. In addition, patients should be encouraged to include their physicians in any decision related to signifi-cant changes in diet or exercise routines. Further research is needed to address if SGLT2i’s should be permanently discontinued in patients with diabetes on SGLT2i and whether the ketogenic diet developed EDKA.