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Sardana, Mohini,Goel, Sonu,Gupta, Madhu,Sardana, Veera,Singh, BS Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15
Background: The rise in consumption of tobacco products among youth is a public health concern in India. Several studies have shown that advertisements promoting tobacco products influence decisions and behaviour of youth towards smoking. Objective: To ascertain which method of Tobacco Advertising, Promotion and Sponsorship (TAPS) was more influential for initiating tobacco use in youth in India. Materials and Methods: The secondary data of youth (15-24 years) from nationally representative Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) conducted in 2009-2010 was analyzed. Odds ratio and p-value were used to know the association between TAPS and initiation of use of tobacco products among youth. Logistic regression was used to determine the most significant means of TAPS altering the youth's behaviour towards tobacco products. Results: Out of 13,383 youths, 1,982 (14.7%) used smokeless forms of tobacco and 860 (6.38%) used smoke forms. Logistic regression reveals that promotional activities mainly through cinemas (p<0.05) and providing free samples of tobacco products (p < = .001) were most influential means of initiating consumption of tobacco products among youth. Conclusions: The smoking in youth is associated with watching advertisements particularly in cinema and promotional activities like distribution of free samples, coupons and sales on the price of tobacco products. Stronger legislative measures should be enforced to curb promotional advertisements in cinemas and distribution of free samples.
Tewari, Reshu,Chhabra, Mohini,Natu, Shankar Madhavan,Goel, Apul,Dalela, Divakar,Goel, Madhu Mati,Rajender, Singh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22
Objectives: To compare the metabolic indices, lipid profile, androgens, and prostate specific antigen between prostate cancer and BPH and between grades of prostate cancer in a cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 95 cases of prostate cancer and 95 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate gland volume was measured using transrectal ultrasound. We compared insulin, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, prostate specific antigen levels and lipid profile between prostate cancer of different grades and BPH. Further, prostate cancer patients were classified into low grade and high grade. Unpaired t-test for normally distributed variables and Man-Whitney U test for non-normal variables were used to assess differences. Results: We found that prostate cancer patients had significantly higher levels of insulin, testosterone, PSA, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in comparison to their BPH counterparts. Higher levels of these parameters also correlated with a higher grade of the disease. Conclusions: We conclude that higher levels of insulin, testosterone, PSA, and cholesterol correlate with a higher risk of prostate cancer, and also with a higher grade of the disease.
Influence of Diet on Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Cattle Manure
Vinu M. Nampoothiri,Madhu Mohini,S. S. Thakur,Goutham Mondal 한국대기환경학회 2015 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.9 No.3
Livestock is one of the major contributors of greenhouse gases (GHGs). It accounts for 14.5% of the global GHGs emissions like methane (CH4) from enteric fermentation and manure, nitrous oxide (N2O) from manure and fertilizer. Since enteric emissions are a major contributor of CH4 than that of manure emissions hence primary efforts were made on reducing enteric emissions, with minor attention to dung emissions. Many researches were conducted by dietary manipulation to mitigate enteric CH4 emission. However dietary manipulation also had significant effects on manure GHGs emissions too. Several works proved that manure CH4 emissions were increased with high level of concentrate supplementation despite reduction in enteric CH4. Fat and CP content of the diet has shown inconsistent results on manure CH4 emissions. Amount of concentrate in the diet has shown little effect whereas dietary CP content exhibited conflicting effects on manure N2O emissions.