Soybean meal substitution by dehulled lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) with enzymes in broiler diets

Fredy Mera-Zuniga,Arturo Pro-Martinez,Juan F Zamora-Natera,Eliseo Sosa-Montes,Juan D Guerrero-Rodriguez,Sergio I Mendoza-Pedroza,Juan M Cuca-Garcia,Rosa M Lopez-Romero,David Chan-Diaz,Carlos M Becerri 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.4

Objective: Evaluate the effects of i) dehulling of lupine seed on chemical composition and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and ii) soybean meal substitution by dehulled lupine seed in broiler diets with enzymes on productive performance, size of digestive organs and welfare-related variables. Methods: Experiment 1, chemical composition and AME were determined in whole and dehulled lupine seed. Experiment 2, two hundred eighty-eight one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were used. The experimental diets were maize-soybean meal (MS), MS with enzymes (MSE) and maize-dehulled lupine seed with enzymes (MLE). Diets were assigned to the experimental units under a completely randomized design (eight replicates per diet). The body weight (BW) gain, feed intake, feed conversion, digestive organ weights, gait score, latency to lie down and valgus/varus angulation were evaluated. Results: The dehulling process increased protein (25.0% to 31.1%), AME (5.9 to 8.8 MJ/kg) and amino acid contents. The BW gain of broilers fed the MLE diet was similar (p>0.05) to that of those fed the MS diet, but lower than that of those fed the MSE diet. Feed intake of broilers fed the MLE diet was higher (p<0.05) than that of those fed the MS diet and similar (p>0.05) to those fed the MSE diet. Feed conversion of broilers fed the MLE diet was 8.0% and 8.7% higher (p<0.05) than that of those fed the MS and MSE diets, respectively. Broilers fed the MLE diet had the highest (p<0.05) relative proventriculus and gizzard weights, but had poor welfare-related variables. Conclusion: It is possible to substitute soybean meal by dehulled lupine seed with enzymes in broiler diets, obtaining similar BW gains in broilers fed the MLE and MS diets; however, a higher feed intake is required. Additionally, the MLE diet reduced welfare-related variables.

기획특집 : 아시아-태평양 지역의 이주와 트랜스내셔널리즘 ; 남미의 한인 교포 1.5세 : 초국가적 상호작용의 재발견

Carolina Mera 국제비교한국학회 2010 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.18 No.3

본 연구에서는 북 남미 지역의 한인 교포 1.5세의 이동성을 초국가적 이민 현상을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 연구문제는 남미의 이민자들이 직업적, 전문적 기회를 확대하기 위하여 어떻게 초국적이민자 네트워크를 활용하여 새로운 이민도시에 적응하고 있는가에 초점을 맞추었다. 이민 1세대 또는 이민 2세대와는 구분되는 개념으로, 한국에서 학교를 다닌 경험이 있는 이민 1.5세대의 이동경로를 그들의 사회적 자본, 문화적 자본의 측면에서 분석하였다. 초국적 이민자 네트워크와 이민 1.5세대의 양문화주의적 자본은 재이민의 유형에 영향을 미치고, 이러한 이동성은 이들의 새로운 이민국에서 긍정적으로 작용할 것으로 추정하였다. 민속지적 연구를 통하여 본 연구에서는 공동체적 사회적 자본이 두 번째 이민국으로의 이동과 그 후 정착에 어떠한 역할을 하는지 알아보았다. 이들의 교육적 배경, 스페인어 또는 포르투갈어 등 언어능력 등 문화 자본은 그 후 직업적 측면에서 스페인어권 공동체를 찾아들어가는 데 도움이 되고 있었다. 즉, 사회적 자본과 문화적 자본이 재이 민국 에서의 각각의 역할을 수행하고 있었다. 1.5세대의 제3국으로의 이민에 대한 관찰을 통하여 본 연구에서는 문화적응 또는 통합에 대한 기존의 논의에 대한 새로운 문제제기를 할 수 있었다. 양 문화 주의적 정체성을 지닌 이민자들은 그들의 문화정체성을 유지하면서 이민자 공동체에서의 정체성을 재확인하지만, 그들의 일 또는 전문 분야에서는 이민국에서 터득한 문화자을 적극 활용하여 새로운 국가에서의 삶의 조건을 영유하는데 활용하고 있다는 점을 발견하게 되었다. This article explores the migration of young members of e 1.5 generation, who are the protagonists of significant regional mobility in South and North America. The main research question in this article is as follows: we do transnational diasporas networks promote mobility in arch of better work and professional opportunities and improve the prospects for migrants arriving in their new cities? I hypothesize that the transnational networks and the bicultural capital (of young Koreans) influences the pattern of re-emigration, promoting the mobility and allowing migrants to achieve better prospects in their new homes. Community social capital provides networks that support the move and the initial stages of life in the new location, whereas cultural capital, particularly in the form of educational qualifications and the ability to speak Spanish or Portuguese, helps migrants find a place in certain Spanish-speaking niches and ensures a certain degree of professional success. These factors suggest that transnational networks promote mobility in the search for better professional and work opportunities and make adjusting to life a new city easier and more efficient. The re-emigration of 1.5-generation Korean professionals facilitates the ongoing debate related to the integration or assimilation of migrants in the diasporas processes, as bicultural migrants maintain their ethnic identity in terms of ethnic attachment and ethnic solidarity but professionally acclimate themselves to working conditions in their new country.

Explaining Argentina’s Regional Trade Policy-making in 1999

Laura Gomez Mera 서울대학교 국제학연구소 2005 Journal of International and Area Studies Vol.12 No.2

  This article examines Argentine regional trade policy behavior in 1999. It seeks to account for the decision to defect from regional commitments by establishing non-tariff barrier restrictions on footwear products from its main regional trade partner Brazil. These unilateral measures triggered one of the most serious bilateral disputes between the two countries in recent years. The article challenges conventional interpretations of the origins of the crisis. It argues that defection reflected a convergence of interests between the private sector, which feared the competitiveness effects of the Brazilian devaluation, and Argentine macroeconomic policy-makers. The tension between the latter, supporting the unilateral measures and the foreign policy elite, in turn, was crucial in shaping Argentina"s final position in the crisis. Argentina"s decision to press the private sector for the negotiation of a voluntary export agreement and to eventually withdraw the measures reflected a balance or compromised between the hardliners at the Ministry of Economy and the MERCOSUR-committed foreign policy makers and diplomats.

Synthesis of polymer-derived graphene/silicon nitride-based nanocomposites with tunable dielectric properties

WANG, Xifan,MERA, Gabriela,MORITA, Koji,IONESCU, Emanuel CERAMIC SOC OF JAPAN 2016 JOURNAL- CERAMIC SOCIETY JAPAN Vol.124 No.10

Resonance Raman spectroscopic study of the interaction between Co(II)rrinoids and the ATP:corrinoid adenosyltransferase PduO from Lactobacillus reuteri

Park, Kiyoung,Mera, Paola E.,Escalante-Semerena, Jorge C.,Brunold, Thomas C. Springer-Verlag 2016 Journal of biological inorganic chemistry Vol.21 No.5

<P>The human-type ATP:corrinoid adenosyltransferase PduO from Lactobacillus reuteri (LrPduO) catalyzes the adenosylation of Co(II)rrinoids to generate adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) or adenosylcobinamide (AdoCbi(+)). This process requires the formation of 'supernucleophilic' Co(I)rrinoid intermediates in the enzyme active site which are properly positioned to abstract the adeonsyl moiety from co-substrate ATP. Previous magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses revealed that LrPduO achieves the thermodynamically challenging reduction of Co(II)rrinoids by displacing the axial ligand with a non-coordinating phenylalanine residue to produce a four-coordinate species. However, relatively little is currently known about the interaction between the tetradentate equatorial ligand of Co(II)rrinoids (the corrin ring) and the enzyme active site. To address this issue, we have collected resonance Raman (rR) data of Co(II)rrinoids free in solution and bound to the LrPduO active site. The relevant resonance-enhanced vibrational features of the free Co(II)rrinoids are assigned on the basis of rR intensity calculations using density functional theory to establish a suitable framework for interpreting rR spectral changes that occur upon Co(II)rrinoid binding to the LrPduO/ATP complex in terms of structural perturbations of the corrin ring. To complement our rR data, we have also obtained MCD spectra of Co(II)rrinoids bound to LrPduO complexed with the ATP analogue UTP. Collectively, our results provide compelling evidence that in the LrPduO active site, the corrin ring of Co(II)rrinoids is firmly locked in place by several amino acid side chains so as to facilitate the dissociation of the axial ligand.</P>

Stiffness Analysis of Crank Motion Task using Musculoskeletal Model with Sixmuscles

Nobutomo MATSUNAGA,Ryohei MERA,Hiroshi OKAJIMA,Shigeyasu KAWAJI 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

It is important to clarify that how are the stiffness and the torque of human arm controlled in the interaction with the environment. Traditionally, the stiffness of human arm has been measured by adding perturbation. However, it is difficult to measure the stiffnes sinisotonic movements with various loads, because the perturbation provides the unexpected stiffness increase by an tagonistic muscles. In this paper, the musculoskeletal model with six musclesis used to estimate the joint torque and stiffness incrank rotation tasks. The parameters of the model are estimated by experiments. And the pre-programmed reaction for the predictable load torque are evaluated.

East Asia After 1997 : Two Alternative Scenarios

Heikkila, Eric J.,Mera, Koichi The Institute of East and West Studies 1997 Global economic review Vol.26 No.1

Participation of COX-1 and COX-2 in the contractile effect of phenylephrine in prepubescent and old rats

Gustavo Guevara-Balcazar,Israel Ramirez-Sanchez,Elvia Mera-Jimenez,Ivan Rubio-Gayosso,Maria Eugenia Aguilar-Najera,Maria C. Castillo-Hernandez 대한약리학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.4

Vascular reactivity can be influenced by the vascular region, animal age, and pathologies present. Prostaglandins (produced by COX-1 and COX-2) play an important role in the contractile response to phenylephrine in the abdominal aorta of young rats. Although these COXs are found in many tissues, their distribution and role in vascular reactivity are not clear. At a vascular level, they take part in the homeostasis functions involved in many physiological and pathologic processes (e.g., arterial pressure and inflammatory processes). The aim of this study was to analyze changes in the contractile response to phenylephrine of thoracic/abdominal aorta and the coronary artery during aging in rats. Three groups of rats were formed and sacrificed at three distinct ages: prepubescent, young and old adult. The results suggest that there is a higher participation of prostanoids in the contractile effect of phenylephrine in pre-pubescent rats, and a lower participation of the same in old rats. Contrarily, there seems to be a higher participation of prostanoids in the contractile response of the coronary artery of older than pre-pubescent rats. Considering that the changes in the expression of COX-2 were similar for the three age groups and the two tissues tested, and that expression of COX-1 is apparently greater in older rats, COX-1 and COX-2 may lose functionality in relation to their corresponding receptors during aging in rats.

Participation of COX-1 and COX-2 in the contractile effect of phenylephrine in prepubescent and old rats

Guevara-Balcazar, Gustavo,Ramirez-Sanchez, Israel,Mera-Jimenez, Elvia,Rubio-Gayosso, Ivan,Aguilar-Najera, Maria Eugenia,Castillo-Hernandez, Maria C. The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.4

Vascular reactivity can be influenced by the vascular region, animal age, and pathologies present. Prostaglandins (produced by COX-1 and COX-2) play an important role in the contractile response to phenylephrine in the abdominal aorta of young rats. Although these COXs are found in many tissues, their distribution and role in vascular reactivity are not clear. At a vascular level, they take part in the homeostasis functions involved in many physiological and pathologic processes (e.g., arterial pressure and inflammatory processes). The aim of this study was to analyze changes in the contractile response to phenylephrine of thoracic/abdominal aorta and the coronary artery during aging in rats. Three groups of rats were formed and sacrificed at three distinct ages: prepubescent, young and old adult. The results suggest that there is a higher participation of prostanoids in the contractile effect of phenylephrine in pre-pubescent rats, and a lower participation of the same in old rats. Contrarily, there seems to be a higher participation of prostanoids in the contractile response of the coronary artery of older than pre-pubescent rats. Considering that the changes in the expression of COX-2 were similar for the three age groups and the two tissues tested, and that expression of COX-1 is apparently greater in older rats, COX-1 and COX-2 may lose functionality in relation to their corresponding receptors during aging in rats.

Participation of COX-1 and COX-2 in the contractile effect of phenylephrine in prepubescent and old rats

Gustavo Guevara-Balcazar,Israel Ramirez-Sanchez,Elvia Mera-Jimenez,Ivan Rubio-Gayosso,Maria Eugenia Aguilar-Najera,Maria C. Castillo-Hernandez 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.1

Vascular reactivity can be influenced by the vascular region, animal age, and pathologies present. Prostaglandins (produced by COX-1 and COX-2) play an important role in the contractile response to phenylephrine in the abdominal aorta of young rats. Although these COXs are found in many tissues, their distribution and role in vascular reactivity are not clear. At a vascular level, they take part in the homeostasis functions involved in many physiological and pathologic processes (e.g., arterial pressure and inflammatory processes). The aim of this study was to analyze changes in the contractile response to phenylephrine of thoracic/abdominal aorta and the coronary artery during aging in rats. Three groups of rats were formed and sacrificed at three distinct ages: prepubescent, young and old adult. The results suggest that there is a higher participation of prostanoids in the contractile effect of phenylephrine in pre-pubescent rats, and a lower participation of the same in old rats. Contrarily, there seems to be a higher participation of prostanoids in the contractile response of the coronary artery of older than pre-pubescent rats. Considering that the changes in the expression of COX-2 were similar for the three age groups and the two tissues tested, and that expression of COX-1 is apparently greater in older rats, COX-1 and COX-2 may lose functionality in relation to their corresponding receptors during aging in rats.