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Surface structural characterization of highly porous activated carbon prepared from corn grain
Balathanigaimani, M. S.,Shim, Wang-Geun,Kim, Chan,Lee, Jae-Wook,Moon, Hee John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2009 Surface and interface analysis Vol.41 No.6
<P>A novel corn grain precursor was used for the preparation of activated carbon by chemical activation. The detailed investigation of the porosity development in the prepared activated carbon was done by altering the various activation conditions such as the activation temperature, activation time and ratio between the powdered form of carbonized corn grain char and KOH. The surface characteristics including the surface roughness of all the activated carbon samples were evaluated from the analysis of nitrogen (N<SUB>2</SUB>) adsorption isotherm data. At the maximum of 2978 m<SUP>2</SUP>/g, a super surface area having the corn grain-based activated carbon (CG-AC) was synthesized by using the following conditions: 1/4 ratio of powdered form of carbonized corn grain char/KOH; 800 °C; and 4 h. The possibility of preparing highly porous activated carbons with controlled porosity by varying different activation conditions was found from the pore size distribution results. In particular, the domination of the ratio between the powdered form of carbonized corn grain char and KOH on the porosity development was high compared to the activation temperature and activation time. In addition, the surface roughness calculated from the surface fractal dimension indicates the decrease of surface roughness with increasing activation conditions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
2P-665 Nanostructured porous carbons derived from biomass for gas storage
이승재,( M. S. Balathanigaimani ),황민진,문희,심왕근 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.1
Nanostructured activated carbons were prepared by using natural resource and chemical activation treatment. In this work we used walnut as a carbon precursor and KOH as an activating agent. To examine the relationship between the surface heterogeneities as well as the textural properties of the adsorbents and their gas storage abilities, especially, three different carbonized weight ratios were applied for synthesizing the natural resource based ACs. The prepared AC samples were characterized by using nitrogen adsorption. The BET specific surface areas and the total pore volumes of the samples were in the range of 2000-2500 m2/g and 0.9-1.5 cm3/g, respectively. The hydrogen adsorption capacity was measured at 77 K and pressure up to 1 atm in an automatic volumetric device. We found that the textural properties of the ACs prepared were greatly dependent on the KOH ratios. Moreover, the hydrogen storage amounts were closely related with the microporous textural characteristics.
에너지 저장 및 환경 분야에 응용되는 바이오매스 기반 활성탄
( M. S. Balathanigaimani ),심왕근 ( Wang Geun Shim ),김상채 ( Sang Chai Kim ) 한국공업화학회 2017 공업화학 Vol.28 No.1
에너지 저장 및 환경 관련 분야에 응용 흡착매질로 바이오매스 기반 활성탄의 중요성을 살펴보았다. 지금까지 발표된 연구 결과는 바이오매스 기반 활성탄의 표면적과 기공부피 이외에 이들의 표면 화학 특성 또한 다양한 분야에 응용될 수 있는 중요한 역할이 있음이 확인된다. 바이오매스 기반 활성탄의 용량은 바이오매스의 특성 및 이들의 활성화 공정에 따라 달라지므로 다양한 응용 분야에 맞게 제조할 수 있다. 따라서 본 리뷰에서는 다양한 분야에 이용되고 있는 바이오매스 기반 활성탄의 역할을 정리하였다. The importance of the biomass-based activated carbon as an adsorbent has been reviewed with emphasizing on the application in the fields of energy storage and environmental related problems. It is clear from the literature survey that beside surface area and pore volume, surface chemistry also plays important role in determining their usage in various field. The capacities of biomass-based activated carbon can be increased depending upon the choice of the biomass used and the pathway taken for their activation and hence they can be tailored for various applications. Accordingly, this review summarizes the role of biomass based activated carbon in different applications.
( M. S. Balathanigaimani ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2009 공학기술논문지 Vol.2 No.3
The ordered mesoporous adsorbents such as MCM-4l and MCM-48 were synthesized to evaluate the adsorption properties of organic compounds and water vapor. Simple and several reliable methods such as isosteric heat of adsorption, Gibbs free energy, entropy, condensation pressure and adsorption energy distribution were used to understand the surface characteristics of mesoporous adsorbents. The isosteric heat of adsorption of VOCs and water vapor were varied in the range of 30 - 80 kJ/mol with the surface loading. The surface heterogeneity of this system was related with the structural heterogeneity because the capillary condensation was highly sensitive to structural properties of pore size distribution. It was also found that the obtained values of entropy change are closer to mobile adsorption than to localized adsorption. Considering the results of condensation pressure and adsorption energy distribution, the polarity of adsorbates is a major factor to understand this system.
Lee, S.G.,Park, K.H.,Shim, W.G.,balathanigaimani, M.S.,Moon, H. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2011 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.17 No.3
Beer lees precursor is chosen to prepare activated carbons having different physical and chemical properties. The beer lees-based activated carbons (BL-ACs) are characterized by N<SUB>2</SUB> adsorption/desorption isotherms, adsorption energy distributions (AEDs), and X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore the electrochemical properties of the BL-ACs are assessed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and constant current charge/discharge method. The maximum specific capacitance (about 188F/g at discharge current of lmA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) is obtained in 0.1M H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> electrolyte solution, which is a relatively low electrolyte concentration. The overall results suggest that the BL-ACs are good candidates for EDLC electrode materials.
Thermal effect on dynamic charging of methane on anthracite based- carbon monolith
( Narandalai ),( Wang-geunshim ),( M. S. Balathanigaimani ),문희 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0
Recently adsorbed natural gas (ANG) has been identified as the most promising low-pressure (30.0 - 40.0 bar) alternative ofthe compressed natural gas (CNG) for vehicular use. However in order to successfully implement this technology, the filling and discharging characteristics of the adsorbent bed must be well understood. Abrupt temperature changes that occur during adsorption and desorption can retard the system performance significantly. In this work thermal effects associated with the dynamic charging of methane in an adsorbed natural gas (ANG) cylinder filled with activated carbon monoliths, have been studiedat two different charging rates (60.0 and 90.0 ml/min)by measuring the change in temperature. At a high charging rate (90.0ml/min), the filling time was about 1.3 min for the cell volume of 1 ml and the temperature of bed at the center increased about 9.1℃. However, in the case of a low charging rate(60.0 ml/min), the filling time was expanded to 2.1 min and the maximum temperature difference was reduced to 7.5℃. The monoliths were prepared from activated carbon powder and carboxy-methyl-cellulose (CMC) as a binder. All the samples were characterized by nitrogen adsorption/ desorption, SEM, FT-IR and XPS etc. A delivered methane amount was dynamically measured 10 times in a 50 cc methane reservoir at 303.15 K and 40 bar in a gravimetrical dynamic adsorption apparatus. The fluctuations of temperature and pressure in the reservoir were also measured during cyclic operations.
Sang Guk Lee,Hee Moon,Kwang Hyun Park,심왕근,M.S. balathanigaimani 한국공업화학회 2011 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.17 No.3
Beer lees precursor is chosen to prepare activated carbons having different physical and chemical properties. The beer lees-based activated carbons (BL-ACs) are characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, adsorption energy distributions (AEDs), and X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore the electrochemical properties of the BL-ACs are assessed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and constant current charge/discharge method. The maximum specific capacitance (about 188 F/g at discharge current of l mA/cm2) is obtained in 0.1 M H2SO4 electrolyte solution, which is a relatively low electrolyte concentration. The overall results suggest that the BL-ACs are good candidates for EDLC electrode materials.