Proteomic analysis of amino acid metabolism differences between wild and cultivated Panax ginseng

Sun, Hang,Liu, Fangbing,Sun, Liwei,Liu, Jianzeng,Wang, Manying,Chen, Xuenan,Xu, Xiaohao,Ma, Rui,Feng, Kai,Jiang, Rui The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2

Background: The present study aimed to compare the relative abundance of proteins and amino acid metabolites to explore the mechanisms underlying the difference between wild and cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) at the amino acid level. Methods: Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation were used to identify the differential abundance of proteins between wild and cultivated ginseng. Total amino acids in wild and cultivated ginseng were compared using an automated amino acid analyzer. The activities of amino acid metabolism-related enzymes and the contents of intermediate metabolites between wild and cultivated ginseng were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and spectrophotometric methods. Results: Our results showed that the contents of 14 types of amino acids were higher in wild ginseng compared with cultivated ginseng. The amino acid metabolism-related enzymes and their derivatives, such as glutamate decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine, all had high levels of accumulation in wild ginseng. The accumulation of sulfur amino acid synthesis-related proteins, such as methionine synthase, was also higher in wild ginseng. In addition, glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle-related enzymes as well as their intermediates had high levels of accumulation in wild ginseng. Conclusion: This study elucidates the differences in amino acids between wild and cultivated ginseng. These results will provide a reference for further studies on the medicinal functions of wild ginseng.

Synthesis of bi-functionalized ionic liquid - mesoporous alumina composite material and its CO2 capture capacity

Liwei Sun,Shaokun Tang 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.10

Bi-functionalized ionic liquid (IL) - mesoporous alumina (MA) composite material was synthesized and used for CO2 capture. Ordered mesoporous alumina was synthesized by self-assembly method with aluminum isopropoxide as aluminum source. Then bi-functionalized ionic liquid 1-methoxyethyl-3-methyl imidazole glycinate ([MOEmim][Gly]) was immobilized on mesoporous alumina by ultrasonic-assisted impregnation method. Ordered mesostructure of alumina keeps well in the composite material. Compared with bi-functionalized ionic liquid, thermal stability of the composite material greatly improved. Finally, CO2 capture capacity of IL-MA composite material was studied under different temperatures. On the basis of both capture capacity and capture rate, 40 oC is the optimal temperature. The capture capacity is 1.42mol·mol IL−1 - equivalent to 144mg·g sorbent−1, which is higher than IL or MA alone. Furthermore, the capture capacity of composite material almost maintains constant after eight capture-regeneration cycles.

Research on Influence of Multimedia Network Teaching Platform and Effective Interaction on Physical Education Curriculum Based on Smart Classroom

Liwei SUN 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.11

With the development of computer information technology and multimedia Internet technology, human beings have entered a new era of knowledge and network. Education information construction is an important way for the modernization of education, in this paper, the author research on influence of multimedia network teaching platform and effective interaction on physical education curriculum. For the necessity of multimedia and network assisted instruction, 68.57% teachers think that multimedia teaching is very important, and it is necessary means of physical education teaching. Multimedia network teaching platform can also integrate the latest sports information resources, students can watch all kinds of large-scale sports events by online video.

Facile microwave-assisted solvothermal synthesis of rod-like aluminum terephthalate [MIL-53(Al)] for CO2 adsorption

Liwei Sun,Meilin Yin,Zhen Li,Shaokun Tang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.112 No.-

To alleviate environment issues derived from CO2 emission, developing effective and economical methodsfor CO2 capture has attracted much attention for decades. Metal-organic frameworks possess highporosity and stability, which is favorable to the adsorption of small molecules. Herein, an aluminumbasedMOF, aluminum terephthalate [MIL-53(Al)], was synthesized with H2O and N,N0-dimethylformamide as co-solvent via microwave-assisted method for CO2 adsorption. The parametersincluding pre-mixing mode, microwave temperature, microwave power and reaction time were variedto study their influences on crystal structure, morphology and CO2 adsorption capacity of MW-MIL-53(Al). Wherein, MW-MIL-53(Al) prepared with pre-mixing mode of stirring at 130 C, 200 W and 3 h presentshigh crystallinity and rod-like morphology. The synthesized MW-MIL-53(Al) possesses relativelyhigh BET surface area (961 m2/g), pore volume (0.46 cm3/g) and thermal stability (up to 480 C), andits CO2 adsorption capacity is 2.16 mmol CO2/g adsorbent under 25 C and 0.1 MPa, which is higher thanCS-MIL-53(Al) synthesized via conventional solvothermal method at 130 C for 48 h.

Proteomic analysis of amino acid metabolism differences between wild and cultivated Panax ginseng

Hang Sun,Fangbing Liu,Liwei Sun,Jianzeng Liu,Manying Wang,Xuenan Chen,Xiaohao Xu,Rui Ma,Kai Feng,Rui Jiang 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2

Background: The present study aimed to compare the relative abundance of proteins and amino acid metabolites to explore the mechanisms underlying the difference between wild and cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) at the amino acid level. Methods: Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation were used to identify the differential abundance of proteins between wild and cultivated ginseng. Total amino acids in wild and cultivated ginseng were compared using an automated amino acid analyzer. The activities of amino acid metabolism-related enzymes and the contents of intermediate metabolites between wild and cultivated ginseng were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and spectrophotometric methods. Results: Our results showed that the contents of 14 types of amino acids were higher in wild ginseng compared with cultivated ginseng. The amino acid metabolism-related enzymes and their derivatives, such as glutamate decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine, all had high levels of accumulation in wild ginseng. The accumulation of sulfur amino acid synthesis-related proteins, such as methionine synthase, was also higher in wild ginseng. In addition, glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle-related enzymes as well as their intermediates had high levels of accumulation in wild ginseng. Conclusion: This study elucidates the differences in amino acids between wild and cultivated ginseng. These results will provide a reference for further studies on the medicinal functions of wild ginseng.

Nitrogen removal, nitrous oxide emission and microbial community in sequencing batch and continuous-flow intermittent aeration processes

Yuepeng Sun,Liwei Xin,Guangxue Wu,Yuntao Guan 대한환경공학회 2019 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.24 No.1

Nitrogen removal, nitrous oxide (N₂O) emission and microbial community in sequencing batch and continuous-flow intermittent aeration processes were investigated. Two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) and two continuous-flow multiple anoxic and aerobic reactors (CMRs) were operated under high dissolved oxygen (DO) (SBR-H and CMR-H) and low DO (SBR-L and CMR-L) concentrations, respectively. Nitrogen removal was enhanced under CMR and low DO conditions (CMR-L). The highest total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency of 91.5% was achieved. Higher nitrifying and denitrifying activities in SBRs were observed. CMRs possessed higher N₂O emission factors during nitrification in the presence of organics, with the highest N₂O emission factor of 60.7% in CMR-L. SBR and low DO conditions promoted N₂O emission during denitrification. CMR systems had higher microbial diversity. Candidatus Accumulibacter, Nitrosomonadaceae and putative denitrifiers (N₂O reducers and producers) were responsible for N₂O emission.

Combination of supercritical fluid elution and resin adsorption for removal of procymidone from ginseng extracts

Guangtao Li,Liwei Sun,Shaokun Tang 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.4

We propose a new method of resin adsorption (RA) coupled with supercritical fluid elution (SFE) for removal of pesticide residue and recovery of ginsenosides from ginseng extracts. D-101-1 resin was selected as the proper adsorption resin, acetone-n-hexane (4 : 6, v : v) served as the modifier with the flow rate of 1.5mL/min during supercritical CO2 elution of procymidone at 25MPa, 55 oC for 2 h, and absolute ethanol as the modifier at a flow rate of 1mL/min for supercritical CO2 elution of ginsenosides at 20MPa, 60 oC and 1 h. The results showed that the content of procymidone in the final products was only 0.0089mg/kg. Meanwhile, the recovery rate of ginsenosides reached up to 92.5%. RA-SFE procedure provides an efficient approach to remove pesticide residue traces with little loss of active ingredients. The used resin can be recycled without any additional regeneration.

Multi-modal Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction based on Pedestrian Intention for Intelligent Vehicle

Youguo He,Yizhi Sun,Yingfeng Cai,Chaochun Yuan,Jie Shen,Liwei Tian 한국인터넷정보학회 2024 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.18 No.6

The prediction of pedestrian trajectory is conducive to reducing traffic accidents and protecting pedestrian safety, which is crucial to the task of intelligent driving. The existing methods mainly use the past pedestrian trajectory to predict the future deterministic pedestrian trajectory, ignoring pedestrian intention and trajectory diversity. This paper proposes a multimodal trajectory prediction model that introduces pedestrian intention. Unlike previous work, our model makes multi-modal goal-conditioned trajectory pedestrian prediction based on the past pedestrian trajectory and pedestrian intention. At the same time, we propose a novel Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) to process intention information dynamically. Compared with traditional GRU, our GRU adds an intention unit and an intention gate, in which the intention unit is used to dynamically process pedestrian intention, and the intention gate is used to control the intensity of intention information. The experimental results on two first-person traffic datasets (JAAD and PIE) show that our model is superior to the most advanced methods (Improved by 30.4% on MSE0.5s and 9.8% on MSE1.5s for the PIE dataset; Improved by 15.8% on MSE0.5s and 13.5% on MSE1.5s for the JAAD dataset). Our multi-modal trajectory prediction model combines pedestrian intention that varies at each prediction time step and can more comprehensively consider the diversity of pedestrian trajectories. Our method, validated through experiments, proves to be highly effective in pedestrian trajectory prediction tasks, contributing to improving traffic safety and the reliability of intelligent driving systems.

Testosterone-independent down-regulation of Oct2 in the kidney medulla from a uranyl nitrate-induced rat model of acute renal failure: Effects on distribution of a model organic cation, tetraethylammonium

Shim, Won-Sik,Park, Joo-Hyun,Ahn, Sun-Joo,Han, Liwei,Jin, Qing-Ri,Li, Hong,Choi, Min-Koo,Kim, Dae-Duk,Chung, Suk-Jae,Shim, Chang-Koo Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.98 No.2

<P>Although acute renal failure (ARF) has been an area of extensive research in recent decades, our understanding of ARF is far from complete. Organic cations (OCs) are primarily excreted via vectorial transport by various renal organic cation transporters (OCTs). It is reasonable to assume that ARF may alter the expression profiles of these transporters. In a rat ARF model, induction of ARF by uranyl nitrate (UN) treatment significantly decreased the levels of Oct2 (slc22a2) mRNA and protein in the kidney medulla. mRNA expression of the other OCTs was not appreciably altered. The plasma level of testosterone, a well-known regulator of Oct2, was not changed, suggesting that the Oct2 down-regulation is testosterone-independent. The effect of reduced Oct2 expression on the distribution of a model OC, tetraethylammonium (TEA), in various rat tissues including kidney cortex and kidney medulla was investigated during steady state plasma TEA concentrations. The steady state tissue-to-plasma (T/P) TEA ratio was decreased in the kidney medulla (approximately 15-fold) during ARF. These results indicate that, in a rat model of ARF, reduced Oct2 expression in the kidney medulla results in decreased distribution of TEA to the kidney medulla, thereby reducing renal clearance of TEA in UN-ARF rats. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 98:739–747, 2009</P>

Phenolic acids in Panax ginseng inhibit melanin production through bidirectional regulation of melanin synthase transcription via different signaling pathways

Jianzeng Liu,Xiaohao Xu,Jingyuan Zhou,Guang Sun,Zhenzhuo Li,Lu Zhai,Jing Wang,Rui Ma,Daqing Zhao,Rui Jiang,Liwei Sun 고려인삼학회 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.6

Background: Our previous investigation indicated that the preparation of Panax ginseng Meyer(P. ginseng) inhibited melanogenesis. It comprised salicylic acid (SA), protocatechuic acid (PA), p-coumaricacid (p-CA), vanillic acid (VA), and caffeic acid (CA). In this investigation, the regulatory effects ofP. ginseng phenolic acid monomers on melanin production were assessed. Methods: In vitro and in vivo impact of phenolic acid monomers were assessed. Results: SA, PA, p-CA and VA inhibited tyrosinase (TYR) to reduce melanin production, whereas CA hadthe opposite effects. SA, PA, p-CA and VA significantly downregulated the melanocortin 1 receptor(MC1R), cycle AMP (cAMP), protein kinase A (PKA), cycle AMP-response element-binding protein (CREB),microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) pathway, reducing mRNA and protein levels ofTYR, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), and TYRP2. Moreover, CA treatment enhanced the cAMP, PKA,and CREB pathways to promote MITF mRNA level and phosphorylation. It also alleviated MITF proteinlevel in a-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells, comparable to untreated B16F10, increasing the expression ofphosphorylation glycogen synthase kinase 3b (p-GSK3b), b-catenin, p-ERK/ERK, and p-p38/p38. Furthermore, the GSK3b inhibitor promoted p-GSK3b and p-MITF expression, as observed in CA-treatedcells. Moreover, p38 and ERK inhibitors inhibited CA-stimulated p-p38/p38, p-ERK/ERK, and p-MITFincrease, which had negative binding energies with MC1R, as depicted by molecular docking. Conclusion: P. ginseng roots' phenolic acid monomers can safely inhibit melanin production by bidirectionallyregulating melanin synthase transcription. Furthermore, they reduced MITF expression viaMC1R/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and enhanced MITF post-translational modification via Wnt/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.