Pharmacological blockade of cholesterol trafficking by cepharanthine in endothelial cells suppresses angiogenesis and tumor growth

Lyu, Junfang,Yang, Eun Ju,Head, Sarah A.,Ai, Nana,Zhang, Baoyuan,Wu, Changjie,Li, Ruo-Jing,Liu, Yifan,Yang, Chen,Dang, Yongjun,Kwon, Ho Jeong,Ge, Wei,Liu, Jun O.,Shim, Joong Sup Elsevier 2017 Cancer letters Vol.409 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cholesterol is an important modulator of membrane protein function and signaling in endothelial cells, thus making it an emerging target for anti-angiogenic agents. In this study, we employed a phenotypic screen that detects intracellular cholesterol distribution in endothelial cells (HUVEC) and identified 13 existing drugs as cholesterol trafficking inhibitors. Cepharanthine, an approved drug for anti-inflammatory and cancer management use, was amongst the candidates, which was selected for in-depth mechanistic studies to link cholesterol trafficking and angiogenesis. Cepharanthine inhibited the endolysosomal trafficking of free-cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein in HUVEC by binding to Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1) protein and increasing the lysosomal pH. The blockade of cholesterol trafficking led to a cholesterol-dependent dissociation of mTOR from the lysosomes and inhibition of its downstream signaling. Cepharanthine inhibited angiogenesis in HUVEC and in zebrafish in a cholesterol-dependent manner. Furthermore, cepharanthine suppressed tumor growth in vivo by inhibiting angiogenesis and it enhanced the antitumor activity of the standard chemotherapy cisplatin in lung and breast cancer xenografts in mice. Altogether, these results strongly support the idea that cholesterol trafficking is a viable drug target for anti-angiogenesis and that the inhibitors identified among existing drugs, such as cepharanthine, could be potential anti-angiogenic and antitumor agents.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A phenotypic screen identified 13 existing drugs, including cepharanthine, as cholesterol trafficking inhibitors. </LI> <LI> Cepharanthine inhibited lysosomal cholesterol trafficking by binding to NPC1 protein and increasing the lysosomal pH. </LI> <LI> The blockade of cholesterol trafficking led to a cholesterol-dependent dissociation of mTOR from the lysosomes. </LI> <LI> Cepharanthine inhibited angiogenesis in HUVEC and in zebrafish in a cholesterol-dependent manner. </LI> <LI> Cepharanthine treatment enhanced the antitumor activity of cisplatin in lung and breast cancer xenografts in mice. </LI> </UL> </P>

Ash formation characteristics of two Indonesian coals and the change of ash properties with particle size

Ke, Xiwei,Li, Dongfang,Zhang, Man,Jeon, Chung-hwan,Cai, Runxia,Cai, Jin,Lyu, Junfu,Yang, Hairui Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co. 2019 Fuel processing technology Vol.186 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>It is difficult to maintain enough high circulating ash rate in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers if they burn the Indonesian coals due to their low ash content. Hence, the ash formation data for these coals is of significance to assessing mass balance in CFB boilers. Two kinds of Indonesian coal that were burned in the 550 MW supercritical CFB boilers in Korea, Kideco and KCH, were tested with static combustion and cold sieving method to study their ash formation characteristics. Results showed that the average primary ash particle size of these two coals is quite fine overall and nearly no gangue exists. Besides, their attrition rate constant <I>K</I> <SUB>af</SUB> is much higher than that of some other bituminous or lean coals, and with the increase of particle size, the <I>K</I> <SUB>af</SUB> decays exponentially for Kideco, while it initially increases and then decreases for KCH. In addition, the physical and chemical properties of these two Indonesian coals' ash obviously change in particle size, including density, pore structure, chemical composition, etc. The larger ash particles are composed of some hard materials, such as quartz (SiO<SUB>2</SUB>) and mullite (Al<SUB>6</SUB>Si<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>13</SUB>). While some other materials with lower hardness value, like hematite (Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>) and gehlenite (Ca<SUB>2</SUB>Al<SUB>2</SUB>SiO<SUB>7</SUB>), become major mineral components of smaller and softer ash particles. These results indicate that the difference of chemical compositions results in the discrepancy of attrition capability for different size ash particles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Two kinds of Indonesian coal were tested to obtain their ash formation data. </LI> <LI> The ash properties obviously change in particle size. </LI> <LI> The difference of chemical compositions may result in the discrepancy of attrition rate for different size ash particles. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>The ash attrition rate of low-rank coals including these two Indonesian coals is much higher than that of some other bituminous or lean coals, and larger ash particles are more difficult to be worn.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Hydrogenation of dimethyl 2,5-furandicarboxylate to dimethyl tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dicarboxylate over Ru/HY

Li Chengfeng,Lyu Qishen,Li Zheng,Yang Shuliang,Sun Yong,Tang Xing,Zeng Xianhai,Lin Lu 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.9

The hydrogenation of biomass-based furan compounds is an important step for the catalytic valorization of biobased chemicals. In this work, Ru-based catalysts supported on different supports, such as HY, MgO and Amberlyst-15, were prepared and estimated for the hydrogenation of dimethyl 2,5-furandicarboxylate (FDMC). Among them, Ru/HY provided a desirable yield of 99.4% for tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester (THFDMC) under 90 °C and 3 MPa H2. Based on catalyst characterization, Ru/HY could offer more surface Ru0 species and carbon radical intermediates than other catalysts, which could largely favor the activation of hydrogen and then promote the hydrogenation of FDMC over Ru/HY.

Prediction of net energy values in expeller-pressed and solvent-extracted rapeseed meal for growing pigs

Li, Zhongchao,Lyu, Zhiqian,Liu, Hu,Liu, Dewen,Jaworski, Neil,Li, Yakui,Lai, Changhua Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.1

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine net energy (NE) of expeller-press (EP-RSM) and solvent-extracted rapeseed meal (SE-RSM) and to establish equations for predicting the NE in rapeseed meal (RSM) fed to growing pigs. Methods: Thirty-six barrows (initial body weight [BW], 41.1±2.2 kg) were allotted into 6 diets comprising a corn-soybean meal basal diet and 5 diets containing 19.50% RSM added at the expense of corn and soybean meal. The experiment had 6 periods and 6 replicate pigs per diet. During each period, the pigs were individually housed in metabolism crates for 16 days which included 7 days for adaption to diets. On day 8, pigs were transferred to respiration chambers and fed their respective diet at 2,000 kJ metabolizable energy (ME)/kg BW0.6/d. Feces and urine were collected, and daily heat production was measured from day 9 to 13. On days 14 and 15, the pigs were fed at 890 kJ ME/kg BW0.6/d and fasted on day 16 for evaluation of fasting heat production (FHP). Results: The FHP of pigs averaged 790 kJ/kg BW0.6/d and was not affected by the diet composition. The NE values were 10.80 and 8.45 MJ/kg DM for EP-RSM and SE-RSM, respectively. The NE value was positively correlated with gross energy (GE), digestible energy (DE), ME, and ether extract (EE). The best fit equation for NE of RSM was NE (MJ/kg DM) = 1.14×DE (MJ/kg DM)+0.46×crude protein (% of DM)-25.24 (n = 8, R2 = 0.96, p<0.01). The equation NE (MJ/kg DM) = 0.22×EE (% of DM)-0.79×ash (% of DM)+14.36 (n = 8, R2 = 0.77, p = 0.018) may be utilized to quickly determine the NE in RSM when DE or ME values are unavailable. Conclusion: The NE values of EP-RSM and SE-RSM were 10.80 and 8.45 MJ/kg DM. The NE value of RSM can be well predicted based on energy content (GE, DE, and ME) and proximate analysis.

A Study on Cutting and Tribology Performances of TiN and TiAlN Coated Tools

Li, Hua-Ying,He, Hui-Bo,Han, Wen-Qiang,Yang, Jun,Gu, Tao,Li, Yuan-ming,Lyu, Sung-Ki Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.16 No.4

TiN and TiAlN coatings were deposited on the surface of AISI 5140 steel and cemented carbide YT15 by magnetron sputtering technique (MSP). The reciprocating sliding tests of TiN and TiAIN coatings on the surface of AISI 5140 steel were performed to investigate the friction coefficients of coatings affected by various normal loads with friction pair of 304 stainless steel balls. Dry machining tests on AISI 5140 hardened steel were carried out with the TiN and TiAlN coated tools on a CA6140A lathe. The effects of cutting speed on cutting forces and surface roughness of TiN and TiAlN coated tools were obtained and analyzed to assess the cutting performance of coated tools. The microcosmic micrographs of wear areas of coated tools were observed and investigated by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrum. The results show that the friction coefficients of TiN coatings are lower than that of TiAlN coatings. The cutting force of TiAlN coated tool decreases and flank wear resistance enhances in comparison with TiN coated tool. The wear form and mechanisms of TiN coated tool are mainly crater wear on the rake face and adhesive wear and abrasive wear on the flank face. The wear form and mechanisms of TiAlN coated tool are mainly adhesive wear, the breakage of cutting edge and the damage of tip, accompanied with diffusion and oxidation wear.

Effect of the SOOP Shampoo on Hair Growth Promotion in An Alopecia Model of C57BL/6 Mice

Lan Li, Jin-Joo Hue, Yea-Eun lee, Sul-Hye Lyu, In-Jeoung Baek, Jung-Min Yon,Sang Yoon Nam, Young Won Yun, Byeongwoo Ahn,Beom Jun Lee 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2005 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.6 No.2

본문참조

Ai 일상 모니터링 분석을 활용한 맞춤형 육아 멘토링 서비스 제안

유리예(Lyu, Li aie),윤수인(Yoon, Su in),이경혜(Lee, Kyung hye),강민정(Kang, Min jung) 한국HCI학회 2022 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.2

본 연구는 갈등이 심화되어 사이가 멀어진 부모와 5~7 세 아동의 갈등 양상을 파악하고 관계 개선을 도와 행복한 가정을 이룰 수 있도록 돕는 서비스를 제공하고자 하였다. 사례 연구로 기존의 서비스를 조사하여 한계점을 도출하고 설문을 통한 퍼소나 설정을 바탕으로 부모와 아이의 갈등 단계를 설계하여 그에 맞는 기능을 도출하였다. 아이의 일상 모니터링이 가능한 Ai 디스플레이 스피커와 실시간 연동되는 모바일폰을 기반으로 아동의 기질과 부모의 양육 태도를 파악 후 각 특성을 바탕으로 한 맞춤형 육아 가이드를 제공하여 자녀 돌봄의 문제점을 객관적으로 체크할 수 있도록 하였고, 이를 통해 부모와 아이의 관계 개선에 도움을 줄 수 있도록 서비스를 설계하였다.

Image Watermarking Scheme Based on Scale-Invariant Feature Transform

( Wan-li Lyu ),( Chin-chen Chang ),( Thai-son Nguyen ),( Chia-chen Lin ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.10

In this paper, a robust watermarking scheme is proposed that uses the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm in the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) domain. First, the SIFT feature areas are extracted from the original image. Then, one level DWT is applied on the selected SIFT feature areas. The watermark is embedded by modifying the fractional portion of the horizontal or vertical, high-frequency DWT coefficients. In the watermark extracting phase, the embedded watermark can be directly extracted from the watermarked image without requiring the original cover image. The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme obtains the robustness to both signal processing and geometric attacks. Also, the proposed scheme is superior to some previous schemes in terms of watermark robustness and the visual quality of the watermarked image.

Accuracy of three-dimensional periodontal ligament models generated using cone-beam computed tomography at different resolutions for the assessment of periodontal bone loss

Hangmiao Lyu,Li Xu,Huimin Ma,Jianxia Hou,Xiaoxia Wang,Yong Wang,Yijiao Zhao,Weiran Li,Xiaotong Li 대한치과교정학회 2023 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.53 No.2

Objective: To develop a method for generating three-dimensional (3D) digital models of the periodontal ligament (PDL) using 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstruction and to evaluate the accuracy and agreement of the 3D PDL models in the measurement of periodontal bone loss. Methods: CBCT data collected from four patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion prior to periodontal surgery were reconstructed at three voxel sizes (0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.3 mm), and 3D tooth and alveolar bone models were generated to obtain digital PDL models for the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. Linear measurements of the alveolar bone crest obtained during periodontal surgery were compared with the digital measurements for assessment of the accuracy of the digital models. The agreement and reliability of the digital PDL models were analyzed using intra- and interexaminer correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots. Results: Digital models of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, PDL, and alveolar bone of the four patients were successfully established. Relative to the intraoperative measurements, linear measurements obtained from the 3D digital models were accurate, and there were no significant differences among different voxel sizes at different sites. High diagnostic coincidence rates were found for the maxillary anterior teeth. The digital models showed high intra- and interexaminer agreement. Conclusions: Digital PDL models generated by 3D CBCT reconstruction can provide accurate and useful information regarding the alveolar crest morphology and facilitate reproducible measurements. This could assist clinicians in the evaluation of periodontal prognosis and establishment of an appropriate orthodontic treatment plan.

Oligosaccharides are a key factor in prediction of amino acid digestibility in soybean meal of different origins when fed to growing pigs

Zhongchao Li,Qiuyun Wang,Fei Xie,Dewen Liu,Yakui Li,Zhiqian Lyu,Changhua Lai 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.12

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to determine apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) in 15 sources of soybean meal (SBM) produced from soybeans from different countries and subsequently to establish equations for predicting the AID and SID in SBM based on their chemical composition. Methods: Eighteen barrows (57.9±6.1 kg) fitted with a simple T-cannula were allotted into three 6×6 Latin square designs. Each period comprised a 6-d adaption period followed by a 2-d collection of ileal digesta. The 15 test diets included SBM as a sole source of AA in the diet. Another nitrogen-free diet was used to measure basal endogenous losses of CP and AA. Chromic oxide (0.3%) was used as an inert marker in each diet. Results: The AID of lysine in SBM from China and USA tended to be greater than in SBM from Brazil (p<0.10). The SID of valine and proline in SBM from China was greater than in SBM from Brazil (p<0.05). The SID of lysine, threonine, cysteine and glycine in SBM from China tended to be greater than in SBM from Brazil (p<0.10). From a stepwise regression analysis, a series of AID and SID prediction equations were generated. The best fit equations for lysine in SBM were: AID lysine = 1.16 sucrose–1.81 raffinose+82.10 (R2 = 0.69, p<0.01) and SID lysine = 1.14 sucrose–1.93 raffinose–0.99 ether extract (EE)+85.26 (R2 = 0.77, p<0.01). Conclusion: It was concluded that under the conditions of this experiment, the oligosaccharides (such as sucrose and raffinose) can be used to predict the AID and SID of AA in SBM with reasonable accuracy.