http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
The Effects of Temporary Immigration on Prices of Non Traded Goods and Services
( Leila Baghdadi ),( Marion Jansen ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2010 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.25 No.4
This paper analyzes the impact of temporary immigration on the prices of nontradable goods and services. It presents a model of a small open economy that produces two goods/services, one tradable and one non tradable. It is assumed that temporary immigrants are confined to work in the non-traded sector and that they are only imperfect substitutes for permanent immigrants and native low skill workers. In our theoretical set-up temporary immigration is predicted to have a negative effect on the prices of non-traded goods and services, while the effect of permanent immigrants depends on the relative low skill domestic labor intensity of the non tradable sector. We test these predictions empirically using a panel dataset of 14 U.S. cities for the period 2000-2006. In line with other recent empirical studies we find that both types of immigration have a negative impact on the relative price of non-tradable services as a whole. These findings confirm that immigration, like trade and offshoring, has the potential to increase welfare through the reduction of consumer and input prices. When distinguishing individual non tradable sectors, though, we find evidence that permanent immigration increases the price of transport and health services. This finding is in line with the predictions of earlier theoretical work and suggests in the context of our model that these sectors are less low skill domestic labor intensive than tradable goods and services.
Leila Arab,Ali Akbar Ehsanpour,좌남수 한국응용생명화학회 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.4
This study was carried out to investigate the possibility of using Triadimefon as a plant growth regulator and salt stress protectant in order to decrease the adverse effects of salt stress. Two Medicago cultivars including Hamedani and Yazdi were treated with 0, 2 mg/L triadimefon (TRD) and 0, 100, and 140mM NaCl. Salt stress increased Na+, ascorbic acid (AA), reduced glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species and phenol contents and activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), whereas decreased the K+ content and the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in both cultivars. When plants were treated with TRD and NaCl, they accumulated less Na+, K+, and ROS. Co-treatment of NaCl and TRD in both cultivars increased AA, GSH, and phenol contents, and the activities of APX and GR,whereas reduced PPO activity. Our results also showed that LEA gene was up-regulated by salt stress. TRD treatment resulted in down-regulation of this gene. Sodium/hydrogen exchanger gene was not affected by either salt or TRD treatments.
( Leila Mansourian ),( Muhamad Taufik Abdullah ),( Lilli Nurliyana Abdullah ),( Azreen Azman ),( Mas Rina Mustaffa ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.2
Object recognition and object location have always drawn much interest. Also, recently various computational models have been designed. One of the big issues in this domain is the lack of an appropriate model for extracting important part of the picture and estimating the object place in the same environments that caused low accuracy. To solve this problem, a new Salient Based Bag of Visual Word (SBBoVW) model for object recognition and object location estimation is presented. Contributions lied in the present study are two-fold. One is to introduce a new approach, which is a Salient Based Bag of Visual Word model (SBBoVW) to recognize difficult objects that have had low accuracy in previous methods. This method integrates SIFT features of the original and salient parts of pictures and fuses them together to generate better codebooks using bag of visual word method. The second contribution is to introduce a new algorithm for finding object place based on the salient map automatically. The performance evaluation on several data sets proves that the new approach outperforms other state-of-the-arts.
Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus in Gastric Cancers in Kerman, Iran
Leila, Zaruni,Arabzadeh, Seyed Alimohammad,Afshar, Reza Malekpour,Afshar, Abbas Aghaei,Mollaei, Hamid Reza Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.5
Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial disease with different factors having roles in its genesis. Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are known infectious agents that could contribute. In addition, there is evidence of a relationship with cytomegalovirus (CMV). Since data on CMV prevalence in gastric cancer are limited, we here evaluated the frequency of EBV and CMV in Iranian patients. Ninety paraffin blocks of GC tissues from patients in Kerman were evaluated for the presence of EBV and CMV genomes by real-time polymerase chain reaction. EBV was detected in 10 cases (11.1%) and CMV in seven. One out of 17 female patients (5.88%) and nine out of 73 male patients (12.3%) were positive for EBV, while one out of 17 female patients (5.88%) and six out of 73 male patients (8.22%) were positive for CMV. The mean age for EBV-positive patients was $60.5{\pm}14.9years$ and the mean age for CMV-positive patients was $67.9{\pm}12.3years$. This study shows that the frequency of EBV-associated GC is high in Kerman. It also indicates that further studies of associations between GC and CMV are warranted, covering larger samples and populations from different areas of the world.
Practical approaches to the nutritional management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Leila Freidoony,공인덕 한국한의학연구원 2014 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.3 No.4
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and a serious health burden worldwide which increases risk of cirrhosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular complications. Current epidemics of obesity, unhealthy dietary patterns, and sedentary lifestyles, all contribute to the high prevalence of NAFLD. Dietary patterns and nutrients are important contributors to the development, progression, and treatment of NAFLD. A healthy diet is beneficial for all NAFLD patients beyond weight reduction. Generally, hypercaloric diets, especially rich in trans/saturated fat and cholesterol, high consumption of red and processed meat, and fructose-sweetened beverages seem to increase the risk of progression toward nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), whereas reducing caloric intake and high-glycemic index (GI) foods, increasing consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, fibers, and specific protein sources such as fish and poultry have preventive and therapeutic effects. Therefore, nutrition serves as a major route of prevention and treatment of NAFLD, and patients with NAFLD should have an individualized diet recommendation. In this review, the evidence linking macronutrients to NAFLD are discussed.
Gender Differences in Clinical Presentations of Cystic Fibrosis Patients in Azeri Turkish Population
( Leila Vahedi ),( Morteza Jabarpoor-bonyadi ),( Morteza Ghojazadeh ),( Amir Vahedi ),( Mandana Rafeey ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.79 No.4
Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder with several clinical presentations. This study was undertaken in the Azeri Turkish population in Iran, to investigate gender differences in the age at onset and diagnosis, age of death, and duration of illness of CF. Methods: The data of 331 CF patients from 2001 to 2015 was surveyed. Parameters including age, sex, △F508 mutation, age at onset, age at diagnosis, age of death and clinical presentations were evaluated for both sexes, using descriptive analysis. The association of gender with these variables was studied using logistic regression, chi-square test and Mann- Whitney U test by SPSS version 18. Odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95% and p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study included 191 males (57.7%) and 140 females (42.3%), all showing statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Age duration differed between genders. Male and female patients were further under 9 and 4 years, respectively. The occurrence of △F508 mutation was 0.51 times more in females than in males. Age, diagnosis and sex were closely associated: males were diagnosed at a significantly later age than females (p=0.05). While this compression performed based on clinical presentations, males with respiratory disease had a later median age at diagnosis than females at lifespan (p=0.001). The risk of infertility in males was approximately two times greater than in females (p=0.02). Conclusion: These findings indicate gender differences in CF patients. Future studies are needed to establish other differences and evaluate the causes for the gender variations.
Numerical solution of a class of the Nonlinear Volterra Integro-Differential Equations
Leila Saeedi,Abolfazl Tari,Sayyed Hodjatollah Momeni Masuleh 한국전산응용수학회 2013 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.31 No.1
In this paper, we develop the operational Tau method for solving nonlinear Volterra integro-differential equations of the second kind. The existence and uniqueness of the problem is provided. Here, we show that the nonlinear system resulted from the operational Tau method has a semi triangular form, so it can be solved easily by the forward substitution method.\\Finally, the accuracy of the method is verified by presenting some numerical computations.
Leila Ghadyani,Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian,Anoshirvan Kazemnejad,Joan Wagner 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.3
Study Design: Clinical trial. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary group-based intervention on improving pain and disability among Iranian nurses with chronic low back pain in Tehran, Iran. Overview of Literature: Although low back pain (LBP) is one of the most important health problems, the challenge remains on how to find an effective intervention to reduce pain and related disabilities. Methods: Overall, 136 eligible nurses with chronic mechanical LBP were classified into two groups. The intervention group (n=66 participants) participated in a physiotherapy educational program (for 120 minutes) plus a health educational program based on predictive constructs of the social cognitive theory (for 120 minutes). These interventions were delivered by a physiotherapist and a health education specialist. The control group (n=70 participants) participated in a physiotherapy educational program (for 120 minutes). Disability rate, pain severity, and back pain prevention behavior were measured initially and at 3- and 6-month follow-up visits using the visual analogue scale, Roland-Morris Disability, and Nursing Low Back Pain Preventive Behaviors Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS ver. 16. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the main outcome measures immediately after the educational program and at 3- and 6-month follow-up visits. Preventive behaviors of participants in the intervention group were improved at 3- and 6- month follow-up visits (p <0.001). The mean scores of predictive constructs regarding LBP preventive behaviors in the intervention group were improved after 3 and 6 months (p <0.001). Finally, in the intervention group, pain severity and disability were decreased significantly. Conclusions: This study showed that a multidisciplinary educational program intervention can be an effective approach for reducing LBP and related disabilities among nurses.