http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
정승기,남철현,신두만,양숙희,김기열,이미경,문기내 대한보건협회 2002 대한보건연구 Vol.28 No.3
This study was conducted to examine the condition of patients with arthritis and its related factors. Data were collected from 100 people who suffered from arthritis in Seoul. Busan, Daegu, Daejun, Junjoo, and pohang from April 2, 2000 to July 31, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. 6L0% of the subjects were female. The incidence rate of arthritis was higher in the higher age group, lower educated group, and thinner group. In case of male, the incidence rate was higher in the groups of single, residents in big cities, and technicians. In case of female, it was higher in the groups of the married, residents in towns or villages, and housewives. 2. According to the parts of arthritis, knee joint covered 67.4% and backspine joint covered 9.0%. The incidence rate of arthritis was higher in the groups of forties, housewives, single, irreligious people, residents in towns and villages, primary school graduates, thin people, and walk exercisers. 3. The arthritis patients felt pain most when they stood up (31.5%). According to the time when they felt pain most, the time when they were active during daytime was 31.5% and nighttime was 29.8%. When they got up in the morning was 22.4%, while 10.9% felt pain all cay long. 4. they had arthralgia knees and cramp in crook of the knees (21.8%). Their knees ticked when they moved (21.1%). The had to rest hands on anyplace when they stood up (18.7%) and they could not completely unfold their knees. 5. The medical institutions which diagnosed them showed significant difference in the variables of sex, age, marital status, religion, place in residence, education level, economic status, obesity level, exercise, parts of arthritis, and posture of feeling pain. from above results, it can be concluded that it is necessary to develop appropriate medical treatment on the basis of the respondents' socio-democraphic characteristics, pain parts, period of having a pain, satisfaction level with treatment and its related factors. Therefore, related professionals and organizations must develop education program for prevention of arthritis in order to educate them.
Analysis of Various Influences and Factors on Academic Persistence of Cyber University Students
Lee, Ho Seub,Lee Suk Yoel 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.10
Since the establishment of cyber universities in South Korea in 2001, there have been high societal expectations for these new institutions of higher learning. However, as the dropout rate for cyber universities is higher than standard four-year universities, matters of quality control are increasingly becoming an issue. This study analyses the factors that influence the expansion and maintenance of student numbers in cyber universities. Of the four-year cyber universities that conferred bachelor's degrees in 2013 and 2014, 17 universities were selected in analyzing the factors influencing academic continuity of cyber university students. This study analyzed cyber universities’ offline study halls and study support facilities’ locations, the level of university recognition, the rate of expanding teacher facilities, scale of enrolled students, level of competitiveness for university entrance for freshmen students, cost of education per student, scholarships per student, and the proportion of lectures appointed to full-time faculty against the enrollment rate of new students, the proportion of standard high school graduates which indicates the academic continuity of the freshmen enrollment rate, and the enrollment rate of the entire student body and dropout rate. The results show that the level of competitiveness for university entrance for first year students and the proportion of lectures appointed to full-time faculty are factors with a positive effect, with the level of competitiveness for university entrance for first year students having the greatest influence. Such analysis results show that the factors related to the decision making when students select a university have a significant effect on cyber universities' enrollment and continued learning, suggesting that after enrollment, academic experience has a relatively small influence on continued learning. Therefore, there is a need for cyber universities to improve the quality of learning and teaching as well as increase the information available to students for students to choose cyber universities. There is a need for these two policy directions to be promoted simultaneously to improve the relevancy of programs offered by and demanded of cyber universities.
Forest Canopy Density Estimation Using Airborne Hyperspectral Data
Kwon, Tae-Hyub,Lee, Woo-Kyun,Kwak, Doo-Ahn,Park, Tae-Jin,Lee, Jong-Yoel,Hong, Suk-Young,Guishan, Cui,Kim, So-Ra The Korean Society of Remote Sensing 2012 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.28 No.3
This study was performed to estimate forest canopy density (FCD) using airborne hyperspectral data acquired in the Independence Hall of Korea in central Korea. The airborne hyperspectral data were obtained with 36 narrow spectrum ranges of visible (Red, Green, and Blue) and near infrared spectrum (NIR) scope. The FCD mapping model developed by the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) uses vegetation index (VI), bare soil index (BI), shadow index (SI), and temperature index (TI) for estimating FCD. Vegetation density (VD) was calculated through the integration of VI and BI, and scaled shadow index (SSI) was extracted from SI after the detection of black soil by TI. Finally, the FCD was estimated with VD and SSI. For the estimation of FCD in this study, VI and SI were extracted from hyperspectral data. But BI and TI were not available from hyperspectral data. Hyperspectral data makes the numerous combination of each band for calculating VI and SI. Therefore, the principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to find which band combinations are explanatory. This study showed that forest canopy density can be efficiently estimated with the help of airborne hyperspectral data. Our result showed that most forest area had 60 ~ 80% canopy density. On the other hand, there was little area of 10 ~ 20% canopy density forest.
급성 하부 위장관 출혈 진단에 대한 다검출기 전산화단층촬영의 역할
이선미 ( Sun Mi Lee ),김태오 ( Tae Oh Kim ),박형열 ( Hyoung Yoel Park ),김경엽 ( Kyung Yeob Kim ),김광하 ( Gwang Ha Kim ),강대환 ( Dae Hwan Kang ),송근암 ( Geun Am Song ),김석 ( Suk Kim ) 대한소화기학회 2008 대한소화기학회지 Vol.51 No.5
Background/Aims: Recent studies have shown good performance for the detection of sources of gastrointestinal bleeding using multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT). However, there are limited reports about the role of MDCT for localization of acute lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of MDCT for detection and localization of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: A total of 49 patients underwent MDCT examination for the evaluation of acute lower GI bleeding were investigated prospectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of MDCT for the detection of acute lower GI bleeding were assessed. Colonoscopy, angiography, RBC scan or postoperative results were adopted as the reference standard. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of MDCT for the detection of acute lower GI bleeding were 72.7%, 80%, 93.9% and 25%, respectively. Eighteen patients experienced massive bleeding and 5 of them could not undergo the colonoscopic examination due to massive bleeding. MDCT detected the bleeding focuses in all of 5 patients. Conclusions: MDCT is useful for the localization of acute lower GI bleeding. The procedure is brief, less invasive, and relatively accurate diagnostic method. Moreover, positive finding will allow directed therapeutic procedure such as angiography. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2008;51:298-304)