Bi-factor MIRT True-Score Equating for Testlet-Based Tests

이규민(Gue min Lee),Won Chan Lee,Michael J Kolen,박인용(In Yong Park),Dong In Kim,Ji Seung Yang 한국교육평가학회 2015 교육평가연구 Vol.28 No.2

Lee and Lee (2014) proposed bi-factor multidimensional item response theory model (BFM) "observed-score" equating procedures. The main purposes of this study were to develop BFM "true-score" equating procedures, and to investigate applicability of the proposed procedures with actual data. Eight equating methods (including both true- and observed-score) based on dichotomous IRT (2-parameter logistic model: 2PL), polytomous IRT (graded response model: GRM), testlet response model (TRM), and BFM were compared with target equipercentile equating. Data for this study were from the Reading Comprehension test for a large-scale state assessment program, which consisted of several passages and corresponding groups of items. True- and observed-score equating methods based upon 2PL and BFM produced similar equating results. The GRM true- and observed-score equating methods provided equating results somewhat different from others, and more similar to the target equipercentile equating. Lee와 Lee(2014) 연구는 혼합형 검사에서의 bi-factor 다차원 문항반응모형을 적용한 IRT "관찰점수" 동등화 절차를 제안하였다. 이 연구는 Lee와 Lee(2014) 연구의 추수연구로 단위검사를 대상으로 bi-factor 다차원 문항반응모형을 적용한 IRT "진점수" 동등화 절차를 제안하고, 그 적용 가능성을 실제 자료를 이용하여 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 단위검사로 구성된 대규모 독해 검사 자료를 이용하여, 2모수 로지스틱 모형(2-parameter logistic model: 2PL), 등급반응모형(graded response model: GRM), 단위검사모형(testlet response model: TRM), bi-factor 모형(bi-factor model: BFM)을 적용하였으며, 관찰점수 및 진점수 동등화를 시행하여 총 8개의 동등화 방법을 적용하고, 산출된 결과를 동백분위 동등화 결과와 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 2PL과 BFM을 적용한 관찰점수 및 진점수 동등화는 유사한 결과를 산출하였으며, GRM을 적용한 관찰점수 및 진점수 동등화 방법은 다른 방법들과 다소 차이를 보이는 결과를 산출하였고, 비교 기준이 된 동백분위 동등화 결과와 보다 유사한 결과를 보였다.

How 2020-2021 Changed the Life Perspectives of Composer Chihchun Chi-sun Lee

( Michael Sidney Timpson ),( Chichchun Chi-sun Lee ) 한국음악학학회 2021 음악학 Vol.29 No.2

대만계 미국인 작곡가 치천 지선 리는 서울에 거주는 프리랜서 작곡가이다. 치천 지선 리는 보스턴 심포니 오케스트라의 위촉을 받은 최초의 대만 작곡가이자, 2001년과 2018년 하버드 대학교 프롬 음악 재단의 위촉을 받고, 2015년에는 구겐하임 펠로우를 받은 세계적인 작곡가이다. 세계를 횡단하며 활동하던 작곡가 치천 지선 리는 코로나 19가 가져온 전지구적 영향으로 연주자들과 함께하는 리허설, 관객을 대상으로 하는 무대가 불가능해지면서 작곡가로서의 일상에 큰 변화를 겪었다. 계속해서 여러 음악 단체들과 협연을 기획하며 연주 활동을 이어가야 하는 프리랜서 작곡가에게는 치명적인 영향이 아닐 수 없다. 이 글은 코로나 19가 전 지구를 휩쓴 지난 2년 치천 지선 리가 프리랜서 작곡가로서 겪을 수밖에 없었던 활동의 변화와 그럼에도 악착같이 작곡을 이어나간 그녀의 창작활동을 소개한다. 치천 지선 리는 코로나 19가 가져온 위기를 기회로 바꾸어 디지털 기술을 활용해 물리적 제한 없이 더욱 다양한 지역의 사람들과 소통했다. 코로나 19는 전지구적 단위에서 현재 벌어지고 있는 여러 사회 현안들을 보다 자세하게 들여다볼 기회를 제공했다. 성공적인 코로나 방역을 자랑하지만 여전히 세계정치에서 소외된 그녀의 모국 대만, 미국의 치열한 정치와 선거, 다양한 지역의 전통 민요와 동요 등은 팬데믹 시기 치천 지선 리가 새로 발견하고 경험한 작곡의 원천이다. Taiwanese American Chichun Chi-sun Lee is a freelance composer who resides in Seoul, South Korea. She was the first Taiwanese composer to be commissioned by the Boston Symphony Orchestra and she was also commissioned by the Fromm Music Foundation at Harvard University, in both 2001 and 2018. Additionally, Lee received the prestigious Guggenheim Fellow in 2015. These great honors prove that she was approaching a milestone of a successful composition career. However, COVID-19, which has affected all universally, breaks her routine to succeed in her carrier as a composer who inevitably requires social gathering for rehearsal, practice, and live performance. This paper demonstrates how Chichun Chi-sun Lee as a freelancer composer overcame the worldwide lockdown via COVID-19 and created her musical pieces during the last two years. She has turned the crisis into opportunities and took advantage of technologies to communicate much globally without physical restriction. Moreover, pandemic gave her a chance to look at the issues in globalized society under the microscope. She shares what she has produced during the last two years through experiences in her native country Taiwan which has successfully prevented COVID-19 but is still alienated from global society, fraught elections and politicizing in the US, and multi-local traditional folk music and plays she has found through digital media.

Morphological transformation during cross-linking of a highly sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide nitrile) random copolymer

Lee, So Young,Kang, Na Rae,Shin, Dong Won,Lee, Chang Hyun,Lee, Kwan-Soo,Guiver, Michael D.,Li, Nanwen,Lee, Young Moo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.5 No.12

<P>We present a new approach of morphological transformation for effective proton transport within ionomers, even at partially hydrated states. Highly sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide nitrile) (XESPSN) random network copolymers were synthesized as alternatives to state-of-the-art perfluorinated polymers such as Nafion<SUP>®</SUP>. A combination of thermal annealing and cross-linking, which was conducted at 250 °C by simple trimerisation of ethynyl groups at the chain termini, results in a morphological transformation. The resulting nanophase separation between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains forms well-connected hydrophilic nanochannels for dramatically enhanced proton conduction, even at partially hydrated conditions. For instance, the proton conductivity of XESPSN60 was 160% higher than that of Nafion<SUP>®</SUP> 212 at 80 °C and 50% relative humidity. The water uptake and dimensional swelling were also reduced and mechanical properties and oxidative stability were improved after three-dimensional network formation. The fuel cell performance of XESPSN membranes exhibited a significantly higher maximum power density than that of Nafion<SUP>®</SUP> 212 under partially hydrated environments.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Morphologically transformed XESPSN <I>via</I> simple thermal trimerisation of end ethynyl groups shows enhanced proton transport even at partially hydrated states. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2ee21992a'> </P>

Highly lithium-ion conductive battery separators from thermally rearranged polybenzoxazole

Lee, Moon Joo,Kim, Ji Hoon,Lim, Hyung-Seok,Lee, So Young,Yu, Hyung Kyun,Kim, Jong Hun,Lee, Joo Sung,Sun, Yang-Kook,Guiver, Michael D.,Suh, Kyung Do,Lee, Young Moo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Chemical communications Vol.51 No.11

<P>High power density lithium ion battery (HLIB) separators were fabricated for the first time from thermally rearranged poly(benzoxazole-<I>co</I>-imide) (TR-PBOI) nanofibrous membranes coated with TR-PBOI nanoparticles, which show distinct thermal and dimensional stabilities as well as excellent cycle retention and rate capability.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Lithium ion battery separators were fabricated for the first time from thermally rearranged poly(benzoxazole-<I>co</I>-imide) (TR-PBOI) nanofibrous membranes coated with TR-PBO nanoparticles. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cc09411e'> </P>

Structural influence of hydrophobic diamine in sulfonated poly(sulfide sulfone imide) copolymers on medium temperature PEM fuel cell

Lee, Kang Hyuck,Lee, So Young,Shin, Dong Won,Wang, Chenyi,Ahn, Sang-Hyun,Lee, Kee-Jung,Guiver, Michael D.,Lee, Young Moo Elsevier 2014 Polymer Vol.55 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Sulfonated poly(sulfide sulfone imide) copolymers containing flexible sulfide bond and six-membered imide ring were synthesized by random polycondensation. Two types of membranes were prepared by using sulfide (S-PSI) and sulfide sulfone (S-PSFI) based non-sulfonated diamines to investigate the effects of the hydrophobic component. IEC<SUB>w</SUB> values were controlled to 1.51−1.94 meq g<SUP>−1</SUP> depending on the degree of sulfonation (DS) which was in the range of 50–80%. The membrane series showed good thermal stability up to 310 °C and mechanical properties (tensile strength >30 MPa). Dimensional stabilities were excellent with 23−35% increases, even at 100 °C. Proton conductivities of membranes composed of different hydrophobic diamines display a relatively good correlation with water content and morphology. In fuel cell tests, the S-PSI60 membrane shows relatively high current density of 250 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at 0.6 V and maximum power density of 175 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at 120 °C, 35% RH, 1.5 atm.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>The S-PSI60 having 8 nm sized ionic clustered morphology showed 250 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> of current density at 0.6 V and 175 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP> of maximum power density at 120 °C, 35% RH, 1.5 atm.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Intermediate-term outcomes after robotic ureteral reconstruction for long-segment (≥4 centimeters) strictures in the proximal ureter: A multi-institutional experience

Matthew Lee,Ziho Lee,Helaine Koster,Minsuk Jun,Aeen M. Asghar,Randall Lee,David Strauss,Neel Patel,Daniel Kim,Sreeya Komaravolu,Alice Drain,Michael J. Metro,Lee Zhao,Michael Stifelman,Daniel D. Eun 대한비뇨의학회 2021 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.62 No.1

Purpose: To report our intermediate-term, multi-institutional experience after robotic ureteral reconstruction for the management of long-segment proximal ureteral strictures. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our Collaborative of Reconstructive Robotic Ureteral Surgery (CORRUS) database to identify all patients who underwent robotic ureteral reconstruction for long-segment (≥4 centimeters) proximal ureteral strictures between August 2012 and June 2019. The primary surgeon determined the specific technique to reconstruct the ureter at time of surgery based on the patient's clinical history and intraoperative findings. Our primary outcome was surgical success, which we defined as the absence of ureteral obstruction on radiographic imaging and absence of obstructive flank pain. Results: Of 20 total patients, 4 (20.0%) underwent robotic ureteroureterostomy (RUU) with downward nephropexy (DN), 2 (10.0%) underwent robotic ureterocalycostomy (RUC) with DN, and 14 (70.0%) underwent robotic ureteroplasty with buccal mucosa graft (RU-BMG). Median stricture length was 4 centimeters (interquartile range [IQR], 4–4; maximum, 5), 6 centimeters (IQR, 5–7; maximum, 8), and 5 centimeters (IQR, 4–5; maximum, 8) for patients undergoing RUU with DN, RUC with DN, and RU-BMG, respectively. At a median follow-up of 24 (IQR, 14–51) months, 17/20 (85.0%) cases were surgically successful. Two of four patients (50.0%) who underwent RUU with DN developed stricture recurrences within 3 months. Conclusions: Long-segment proximal ureteral strictures may be safely and effectively managed with RUC with DN and RU-BMG. Although RUU with DN can be utilized, this technique may be associated with a higher failure rate.

Auto-guiding Performance from IGRINS Test Observations (Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrograph)

Hye-In Lee,Soojong Pak,Huynh Anh N.Le,Wonseok Kang,Gregory Mace,Michael Pavel,Daniel T.Jaffe,Jae-Joon Lee,Ueejeong Jeong,Michael Pavel,Daniel T.Jaffe,Jae-Joon Lee,Ueejeong Jeong,Moo-Young Chun,Chan Pa 한국천문학회 2014 天文學會報 Vol.39 No.2

Control of inflammation by stromal Hedgehog pathway activation restrains colitis

Lee, John J.,Rothenberg, Michael E.,Seeley, E. Scott,Zimdahl, Bryan,Kawano, Sally,Lu, Wan-Jin,Shin, Kunyoo,Sakata-Kato, Tomoyo,Chen, James K.,Diehn, Maximilian,Clarke, Michael F.,Beachy, Philip A. National Academy of Sciences 2016 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.113 No.47

<P>Inflammation disrupts tissue architecture and function, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of diverse diseases; the signals that promote or restrict tissue inflammation thus represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we report that genetic or pharmacologic Hedgehog pathway inhibition intensifies colon inflammation (colitis) in mice. Conversely, genetic augmentation of Hedgehog response and systemic small-molecule Hedgehog pathway activation potently ameliorate colitis and restrain initiation and progression of colitis-induced adenocarcinoma. Within the colon, the Hedgehog protein signal does not act directly on the epithelium itself, but on underlying stromal cells to induce expression of IL-10, an immune-modulatory cytokine long known to suppress inflammatory intestinal damage. IL-10 function is required for the full protective effect of small-molecule Hedgehog pathway activation in colitis; this pharmacologic augmentation of Hedgehog pathway activity and stromal IL-10 expression are associated with increased presence of CD4(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. We thus identify stromal cells as cellular coordinators of colon inflammation and suggest their pharmacologic manipulation as a potential means to treat colitis.</P>

Enhanced electrochemical reduction of rare earth oxides in simulated oxide fuel via co-reduction of NiO in Li₂O–LiCl salt

Lee, Min-Woo,Choi, Eun-Young,Jeon, Sang-Chae,Lee, Jeong,Park, Sung-Bin,Paek, Seungwoo,Simpson, Michael F.,Jeong, Sang Mun Elsevier 2016 Electrochemistry communications Vol.72 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Rare earth oxides in spent oxide fuel from nuclear plants have poor reducibility in the electrochemical reduction process due to their high oxygen affinity and thermodynamic stability. Here, we demonstrate that the extent of their reduction can be enhanced via co-reduction of NiO in a Li<SUB>2</SUB>O–LiCl electrolyte for the electrochemical reduction of a simulated oxide fuel (simfuel). First, the electrochemical behaviors of Nd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, NiO, and Nd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>–NiO were studied by cyclic voltammetry and voltage control electrolysis. Then, the electrochemical reduction of the simfuel containing UO<SUB>2</SUB> and rare earth oxides (Nd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, La<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, and CeO<SUB>2</SUB>) was conducted in molten LiCl salt with 1wt.% Li<SUB>2</SUB>O via the co-reduction of NiO. The extent of reduction of the rare earth oxides was found to be significantly improved.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> NiO enhances electrochemical reduction of rare earth oxides in molten Li<SUB>2</SUB>O–LiCl. </LI> <LI> There is a 300% increase in the reduction of La<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> in simulated fuel by co-reduction of NiO. </LI> <LI> Improved reduction of Nd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and La<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> due to the formation of NdNi<SUB>5</SUB> and LaNi<SUB>5</SUB>. </LI> </UL> </P>

Several Regions in the Major Histocompatibility Complex Confer Risk for Anti-CCP-Antibody Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis, Independent of the DRB1 Locus

Lee, Hye-Soon,Lee, Annette T.,Criswell, Lindsey A.,Seldin, Michael F.,Amos, Christopher I.,Carulli, John P.,Navarrete, Cristina,Remmers, Elaine F.,Kastner, Daniel L.,Plenge, Robert M.,Li, Wentian,Greg Springer (Biomed Central Ltd.) 2008 Molecular Medicine Vol.14 No.5

<P>Recent evidence suggests that additional risk loci for RA are present in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), independent of the class II HLA-DRB1 locus. We have now tested a total of 1,769 SNPs across 7.5Mb of the MHC located from 6p22.2 (26.03 Mb) to 6p21.32 (33.59 Mb) derived from the Illumina 550K Beadchip (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). For an initial analysis in the whole dataset (869 RA CCP + cases, 1,193 controls), the strongest association signal was observed in markers near the HLA-DRB1 locus, with additional evidence for association extending out into the Class I HLA region. To avoid confounding that may arise due to linkage disequilibrium with DRB1 alleles, we analyzed a subset of the data by matching cases and controls by DRB1 genotype (both alleles matched 1:1), yielding a set of 372 cases with 372 controls. This analysis revealed the presence of at least two regions of association with RA in the Class I region, independent of DRB1 genotype. SNP alleles found on the conserved A1-B8-DR3 (8.1) haplotype show the strongest evidence of positive association (P ~ 0.00005) clustered in the region around the HLA-C locus. In addition, we identified risk alleles that are not present on the 8.1 haplotype, with maximal association signals (P ~ 0.001-0.0027) located near the ZNF311 locus. This latter association is enriched in DRB1*0404 individuals. Finally, several additional association signals were found in the extreme centromeric portion of the MHC, in regions containing the DOB1, TAP2, DPB1, and COL11A2 genes. These data emphasize that further analysis of the MHC is likely to reveal genetic risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis that are independent of the DRB1 shared epitope alleles.</P>