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Lee, Hui-Young,Cho, Sun-A,Lee, In-Soo,Park, Jong-Hwan,Seok, Seung-Hyeok,Baek, Min-Won,Kim, Dong-Jae,Lee, Seok-Ho,Hur, Sook-Jin,Ban, Sang-Ja,Lee, Yoo-Kyoung,Han, Yang-Keum,Cho, Young-Keun,Park, Jae-Hak Oxford University Press 2007 FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Vol.51 No.2
<P>The attenuation and immunoenhancing effects of rpoS and phoPSalmonella enterica serovar strain Typhi (Salmonella typhi) mutants have not been compared. Here, three S. typhi deletion mutants (phoP, rpoS, and rpoS-phoP double mutant) are constructed and these mutants are characterized with respect to invasiveness, virulence, and protective immune response compared with wild-type Ty2. It was found that phoP and phoP-rpoS deletion mutants are less invasive to HT-29 cells than the wild-type Ty2 and the rpoS single-deleted strain. The LD(50) of immunized mice was higher for phoP than for rpoS mutants, and the highest for the phoP-rpoS double mutant. In addition, all S. typhi mutants showed an increase in the specific serum IgG levels and T-cell-mediated immunity, and showed equal protection abilities against a wild-type Ty2 challenge after two rounds of immunization in BALB/c mice. It is concluded that phoP genes appear to play a more important role than rpoS genes in both cellular invasion and virulence of S. typhi, but not in immunogenicity in mice. Furthermore, the data indicate that the phoP-rpoS double mutant may show promise as a candidate for an attenuated typhoid vaccine.</P>
Cryptosporidium Infection in Animal Facilities in Korea
Hui-Young Lee,Seung-Hyeok Seok,Min-Won Baek,Dong-Jae Kim,Byoung-Hee Lee,Jae-Hak Park 한국실험동물학회 2005 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.21 No.4
We investigated the presence of Cryptosporidium in four specific pathogen free (SPF) and four conventional facilities in Korea. From November 2000 to March 2005, 329 mice were histopathologically examined for Cryptosporidium infection, and infection was detected in 18.52% (5 of 27) and 3.68% (7 of 190) animals in 2000 and 2004, respectively. The detected Cryptosporidium was classified based on oocyst size and the parasitized organ. Oocysts were predominantly round to oval (measured by light microscopy, 5~12×5~10 ㎛) and parasitized the stomach. To confirm Cryptosporidium infection, PCR was performed to detect genes of Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein. Our results suggest that Cryptosporidium had infected conventional mice, but that it had not infected SPF mice in Korea. The detected Cryptosporidium was presumed to be C. muris based on oocyst size and parasitized organ.
Jong Hyeok Kwak(곽종혁),Jae Beom Jeong(정재범),Bong Kyeong Son(손봉경),Soon Ki Sung(성순기),Seong Jin Kim(김성진),Dong Won Kang(강동원),Chan Hyeok Park(박찬혁),Hyeon Wha Im(임현화),Yu Hui Lee(이유희),Bong Sang Lee(이상봉),Dong hye 한국방사선학회 2018 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.12 No.2
The fractional anisotropy value of the basal ganglia fibers in the brain gray matter region was analyzed by Tract-Based Spatial Statics(TBSS) method after acquiring the diffusion tensor image to identify the presence or absence of brain white matter damage to smoking in male. As a result of measurement analysis, the fractional anisotropy measurement value was lower in smokers than non–smokers in all areas, and the FA value was statistically significant. smoking significantly affects all the anatomic micro structural changes in the brain gray matter and damages the nerve fiber tract. As a result, it can affects functional abnormalities related to the minute changes of the brain due to smoking. 흡연 유무의 남성을 대상으로 뇌 회백질의 손상 유무를 파악 할 수 있는 확산텐서영상을 검사하여 영상을 획득 한 후 Tract-Based Spatial Statics(TBSS)방법으로 뇌 회백질 부위의 기저핵 신경섬유로의 비등방도 FA(fractional anisotropy)값을 측정 분석한 결과 모든 영역에서 흡연자가 비흡연자보다 비등방성 측정값이 낮게 관찰되었으며 FA값은 통계적으로 유의하였다. 본 연구의 측정한 FA결과 값으로 추측하자면 즉, 흡연이 뇌 회백질 기저핵의 모든 해부학적 미세 구조성 변화에 크게 영향을 미치며 신경섬유로를 손상시키고 이와 관련된 기능적 이상에 영향을 준다고 할 수 있다.
In vivo alternative testing with zebrafish in ecotoxicology
Seung-Hyeok Seok,Min-Won Baek,Hui-Young Lee,김동재,나이랑,Kyoung-Jin Noh,Sung-Hoon Park,Hyun-Kyoung Lee,Byoung-Hee Lee,Jae-Hak Park 대한수의학회 2008 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.9 No.4
Although rodents have previously been used in ecotoxicological studies, they are expensive, time-consuming, and are limited by strict legal restrictions. The present study used a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model and generated data that was useful for extrapolating toxicant effects in this system to that of humans. Here we treated embryos of the naive-type as well as a transiently transfected zebrafish liver cell line carrying a plasmid (phAhREEGFP), for comparing toxicity levels with the well-known aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-binding toxicants: 3,3’,4,4’,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin, and 3-methylcholanthrene. These toxicants induced a concentration-dependent increase in morphological disruption, indicating toxicity at early life-stages. The transient transgenic zebrafish liver cell line was sensitive enough to these toxicants to express the CYP1A1 regulated enhanced green fluorescent protein. The findings of this study demonstrated that the zebrafish in vivo model might allow for extremely rapid and reproducible toxicological profiling of early life-stage embryo development. We have also shown that the transient transgenic zebrafish liver cell line can be used for research on AhR mechanism studies.
Seok, Seung-Hyeok,Koo, Hye Cheong,Kasuga, Asako,Kim, Yeun,Lee, Eun Gae,Lee, Hyeyoung,Park, Jong-Hwan,Baek, Min-Won,Lee, Hui-Young,Kim, Dong-Jae,Lee, Byeung-Hee,Lee, Yong-Soon,Cho, Sang-Nae,Park, Jae-H Elsevier 2006 Veterinary microbiology Vol.114 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Skin ulcers, scoliosis, and dropsy-like scale edema were observed in laboratory-maintained zebrafish. Affected fish had multifocal granulomas not only in internal organs such as the liver, intestine, genital organs, kidney, muscle, and spleen but also in the fin, epithelium, gills, and sclera of the eyes. Large numbers of acid-fast-rod-shaped bacteria were observed within the necrotic centers of well-demarcated, multifocal granulomas with Gram's stain and Ziehl–Neelson's stain. The size of the <I>Mycobacterium</I> spp. was 1–2μm×2–3μm with a double-layered cell wall, based upon electron-microscopical features. Definitive diagnosis of these outbreaks was obtained by culture on selective media followed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PRA) of the <I>rpoB</I> gene for species identification. The amplified 360-bp products of the <I>rpoB</I> gene of mycobacteria isolated from zebrafish were digested with <I>Msp</I>I restriction enzyme, which revealed unique band patterns matching those of <I>Mycobacterium abscessus</I> and <I>Mycobacterium chelonae</I> which are responsible for skin and soft tissue infection caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria in humans. This is the first documentation of the precise identification of zoonotic non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from laboratory-maintained zebrafish by the PRA of the <I>rpoB</I> gene; this study thus provides a great deal of useful epidemiological information and reduces the likelihood that epizootics will occur.</P>