응급진료시 여성환자의 소변검체 채취방법

박원녕,정상원,이종호,구홍두,심호식,김승호 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Background: Urinalysis is a useful laboratory test in the diagnosis of various diseases. In sampling for the urinalysis, there is much concern about contamination that can lead to misdiagnosis in the mid-stream urine sampling method. We conducted this study to determine, in terms of concordance of results and contamination in culture, whether there was any superiority in nod-stream sampling methods with or without disinfection measures compared to the catheterization method. Materials and Methods: We used three kinds of urine sampling methods sequentially, mid-stream non-clean catch, mid-stream clean catch, and catheterization, for ambulatory, non-pregnant, non-men-struating female patients who visited NHIC Ilsan Hospital emergency department during a one-week period in September 2001. Each sample was electrophotometrically analyzed for leukocyte esterase, nitrite, and blood by using a reagent strip and was cultured immediately or after overnight refrigeration. Results: Of the 41 patients, 9 had culture-proven urinary tract infections. The concordance rates(kappa) for nitrite, blood, and leukocyte esterase were 0.875, 0.403, and 0.406 between non-clean catch and catheterized samples and 0.875, 0.481, and 0.560 between clean catch and catheterized samples, respectively. The contamination rate of the non-clean catch, the clean catch, and the catheterized samples were statistically different: 51.2%, 29.3% and 0%, respectively. Conclusion: We found that cleaning with disinfectant was effective for reducing the contamination rate, even though the best urine sampling method for zero contamination was catheterization. We recommend considering cost, patients' comfort, an acceptable threshold for contamination, and the necessity for a culture before choosing a urine sampling method for women who visit the emergency department.

백서 척수후근절로부터 슈반세포의 효과적인 체외 배양법

김성민,이종호,김남열,안강민,최원재,최시호,차미주,이주영,황순정,장정원,명훈,최진영,서병무,정필훈,김명진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.4

Schwann cells(SCs), an important component of the peripheral nervous system, intract with nerous to mutually support growth and replication for the peripheral nerve regentation. Recently, ading SCs to the lumen of guidance channel is widely tried to improve regeneration or to make regeneration possible over otherwise irreparable gaps. however, it is not easy to isolate and multiplicate SCs as much as enough to help the axonal regeneration. For the allogeneic SCs source for tubular nerve guidance, we developed a little bit improved technique of harvesting and multiplicating SCs. by culturing dispersed dorsal root ganglia in specially designed medium with growth factors and serial processing, we repeatedlly generate relatively homogenous SC cultures. Our technique was compared with other methods of literature using immunostaining methods such as GFAP, S100, BDNF and the total SC count assessment at different time interval after primary culture.

A high-temperature MEMS heater using suspended silicon structures

Lee, Kook-Nyung,Lee, Dae-Sung,Jung, Suk-Won,Jang, Yun-Ho,Kim, Yong-Kweon,Seong, Woo-Kyeong IOP 2009 JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING - Vol.19 No.11

<P>A high-temperature MEMS heater using suspended serpentine silicon beams as a filament is proposed for an infrared light source. The MEMS heater utilizes suspended silicon beams for thermal isolation and the mechanical support of heat resistors, and Pt/Ti layers for a Joule heating resistor deposited onto suspended silicon beams. An SiO<SUB>2</SUB> insulator layer was deposited to provide electrical isolation between the thermal resistor and the silicon substrate. The proposed MEMS heater did not require a closed membrane-based back-cavity structure for thermal isolation. The heater is capable of being simply fabricated by a single photolithography process and subsequent silicon anisotropic etching and metal deposition processes. The fabrication process and driving characteristics of the MEMS heater are described. High temperature achieved by the heater was measured by IR camera image processing.</P>

A Case of Radiation Bronchitis Induced Massive Hemoptysis after High-Dose-Rate Endobronchial Brachytherapy

Lee, Seok Jeong,Lee, Jong-Young,Jung, Soon Hee,Lee, Shun Nyung,Lee, Ji-Ho,Kim, Chong Whan,Jung, Saehyun,Jung, Ye-Ryung,Lee, Won-Yeon The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.73 No.6

High-dose-rate endobronchial brachytherapy (HDREB) have been used as the treatment of early endobronchial cancer, as well as for palliation of advanced cancer. However, fatal hemoptysis can occur after HDREB at the rate of 7~32%. We report a case of massive hemoptysis due to radiation bronchitis developed after HDREB. A 67-year-old man was treated with HDREB for early endobronchial cancer on the left upper lobe bronchus. He complained of persistent cough from 4 weeks after completion of HDREB. Radiation bronchitis was observed on the bronchoscopy at 34 weeks, and it was progressed from mucosal swelling and exudate formation to necrosis and ulceration without local relapse. In addition, he died of massive hemoptysis after 15 months. The patient had no sign or radiologic evidences to predict the hemoptysis. This case implies that HDREB directly contributes to an occurrence of a fatal hemoptysis, and follow-up bronchoscopy is important to predict a progression of radiation bronchitis and fatal hemoptysis.

Well controlled assembly of silicon nanowires by nanowire transfer method

Lee, Kook-Nyung,Jung, Suk-Won,Kim, Won-Hyo,Lee, Min-Ho,Shin, Kyu-Sik,Seong, Woo-Kyeong IOP Pub 2007 Nanotechnology Vol.18 No.44

<P>Efforts to date in silicon nanowire research have primarily focused on the nanowire synthesis and the demonstration of individual nanowire-based devices exhibiting interdisciplinary potential spanned from electrical (Duan <I>et al</I> 2003 <I>Nature</I> <B>425</B> 274–8; Cui and Lieber 2001 <I>Science</I> <B>291</B> 851–3; Morales and Lieber 1998 Science <B>279</B> 208–11) through biomedical applications (Cui <I>et al</I> 2003 <I>Science</I> <B>293</B> 1289–92; Zheng <I>et al</I> 2005 <I>Nature Biotechnol.</I> <B>23</B> 1294–301). However, the realization of integrated nanowire devices requires well ordered assembly of a silicon nanowire (Huang <I>et al</I> 2001 <I>Science</I> <B>291</B> 630–3; Whang <I>et al</I> 2003 <I>Nano Lett.</I> <B>3</B> 1255–9) as well as simple and cost effective fabrication. Here we describe a simple fabrication scheme and a large-scale assembly of silicon nanowires by combining top-down fabrication with nanowire transfer onto another insulator substrate for device manufacture. Our innovative fabrication method enables us to obtain well defined silicon nanowires as a freestanding bridge structure with a diameter of 20–200 nm and a length varying from 5 to 100 µm using micro-machining processes. Direct transfer of the freestanding nanowires simply provides large-scale assembly of silicon nanowire on various substrates for highly integrated devices such as high-performance thin-film transistors (TFTs) (Duan <I>et al</I> 2003 <I>Nature</I> <B>425</B> 274–8; Ishihara <I>et al</I> 2003 <I>Thin Solid Films</I> <B>427</B> 77–85) and nanowire-based electronics (Cui and Lieber 2001 <I>Science</I> <B>291</B> 851–3). Electrical transport properties of the transferred silicon nanowire were also investigated. </P>

Monolithic fabrication of optical benches and scanning mirror using silicon bulk micromachining

Lee, Kook-Nyung,Jang, Yun-Ho,Kim, Hoseong,Lee, Yoon-Sik,Kim, Yong-Kweon IOP 2005 JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING - Vol.15 No.4

<P>This paper details an optical scanning mirror with a 54.74° inclined reflective plane and optical benches to align the optical components simply in a monolithic silicon substrate so as to implement a miniaturized laser scanner. The scanning mirror was designed and fabricated to achieve laser scanning on a miniaturized scale so that fluorescence detection of arrays of patterns on biochips can be performed by a handheld system. The inclined (1 1 1) reflective plane of the scanning mirror was formed by the KOH wet etching process, and proved to be a very appropriate structure for the assembly of optical scanning systems composed of a laser input and a scanning mirror in a silicon substrate. The optical benches, torsion spring and comb electrodes were fabricated using the DRIE process. The scanning mirror is actuated by its moment of inertia, the electrostatic torque of the comb electrodes and the restoring torque of the torsion spring. As designed, the scanning mirror is 2165 × 778 µm<SUP>2</SUP> in an upper part of the rotor of the mirror, and the chip size including optical bench guides is 9 × 10 × 1 mm<SUP>3</SUP>. The deflection angle of the scanning mirror was measured by a laser displacement meter (LC2420, Keyence, Japan), and the optical components were assembled and aligned in optical bench guides to observe the laser scanning. The deflection angle of the scanning mirror depends on matching the frequency of the driving signal and the mechanical oscillation of the scanning mirror, and a maximum deflection angle of ±7° was obtained when a 16 V peak–peak square wave was applied to the comb electrodes. The scanning mirror with an inclined reflective plane and optical benches fabricated in a monolithic silicon substrate was proved to be a smart structure to implement a handheld-type scanning system for biochip application.</P>

VDUP1 Is Required for the Development of Natural Killer Cells

Lee, Kee Nyung,Kang, Hyung-Sik,Jeon, Jun-Ho,Kim, Eun-Mi,Yoon, Suk-Ran,Song, Hyunkeun,Lyu, Chil-Youl,Piao, Zheng-Hao,Kim, Sun-Uk,Han, Ying-Hao,Song, Su-Sung,Lee, Young-Ho,Song, Kyu-Sang,Kim, Yong-Man,Y Elsevier 2005 Immunity Vol.22 No.2

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Vitamin D<SUB>3</SUB> upregulated protein 1 (VDUP1) is a stress-response gene that is upregulated by 1,25(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>D<SUB>3</SUB> in tumor cells. The in vivo roles of VDUP1 were investigated by producing mice lacking VDUP1 (VDUP1<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice). VDUP1<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice showed minimal changes in the development of T and B cells, but there was a profound reduction in the numbers of natural killer (NK) cells. As well, these mice showed decreased NK activity. In the VDUP1<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice, the expression of CD122 was reduced, demonstrating that VDUP1 is required for CD122 expression and NK maturation. In addition, severe lymphoid hyperplasia in the small intestine was observed in VDUP1<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. Taken together, these results suggest that VDUP1 is a critical factor for the development and function of NK cells in vivo.</P>

The Effect of Precipitation on the Evolution of Recrystallization Textures in an AA 8011 Aluminum Alloy Sheet

Lee, Dong Nyung,Ryu, Jong Ho,Lee, Yoon Soo 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2001 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.7 No.3

The texture of an AA 8011 aluminum alloy sheet cold rolled by 95% showed a typical β-fiber, which runs from the copper orientation [C={112}$lt;111$gt;] over S [{123}$lt;634$gt;] to brass [B={011}$lt;112$gt;]. The development of annealing textures depended on annealing temperatures due to the interaction between precipitation and recrystallization. Upon annealing at a low temperature of 275℃, precipitation took place before recrystallization. This led to a weak recrystallization texture consisting of {011}$lt;122$gt;, {001}$lt;100$gt;, and {hk0}$lt;001$gt;, among which the {011}$lt;122$gt; orientation developed near large FeAl₃ particles as the main orientation and the cube [{001}$lt;100$gt;] orientation originating from the matrix was relatively weak. After annealing at 350 and 500℃, a strong cube texture developed along with a weak {011}$lt;122$gt; orientation. When the cube orientation developed, the copper orientation disappeared most rapidly. These results were discussed based on the interaction between precipitation and recrystallization.

Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model

Lee, Jun Nyung,Chun, So Young,Lee, Hyo-Jung,Jang, Yu-Jin,Choi, Seock Hwan,Kim, Dae Hwan,Oh, Se Heang,Song, Phil Hyun,Lee, Jin Ho,Kim, Jong Kun,Kwon, Tae Gyun The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2015 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.30 No.12

<P>We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model. The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method. In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold<SUP>heparin-bFGF</SUP> group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O for the scaffold<SUP>heparin-bFGF</SUP> group, respectively). In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold<SUP>heparin-bFGF</SUP> group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area. The USCs seeded scaffold<SUP>heparin-bFGF</SUP> exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.</P>

Fabrication of Metal Nanobridge Arrays using Sacrificial Silicon Nanowire

Lee, Kook-Nyung,Lee, Kyoung-Gun,Jung, Suk-Won,Lee, Min-Ho,Seong, Woo-Kyeong The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2012 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.7 No.3

Novel fabrication method of nanobridge array of various materials was proposed using suspended silicon nanowire array as a sacrificial template structure. Nanobridges of various materials can be simply fabricated by direct deposition with thermal evaporation on the top of prefabricated suspended silicon nanobridge arrays, which are used as a sacrificial structure. Since silicon nanowire can be easily removed by selective dry etching, nanobridge arrays of an intended material are finally obtained. In this paper, metal nanobridges of Ti/Au, around 50-200 nm in thickness and width, 5-20 ${\mu}m$ in length were fabricated to prove the advantages of the proposed nanowire or nanobridge fabrication method. The nanobridges of Ti/Au after complete removal of sacrificial silicon nanowire template were well-established and bending of nanobridge caused by the tensile stress was observed after silicon removing. Up to 50 nm and 10 ${\mu}m$ of silicon nanowire in diameter and length respectively was also very useful for nanowire templates.