국내 민간 소형비행기 기술기준 개정 방안

이은석(Eunsuk Lee),이승근(Seung geun Lee),이강이(Kang-yi Lee) 항공우주시스템공학회 2017 항공우주시스템공학회 학술대회 발표집 Vol.2017 No.11

소형 비행기 동력장치에 관한 신규 인증요건 분석

이은석(Eunsuk Lee),이승근(Seung geun Lee),이강이(Kang-Yi Lee) 한국추진공학회 2017 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.5

우리나라 민간 소형 비행기 동력장치의 감항기준은 KAS Part 23(소형 비행기)과 Part 33(엔진)에서 규정하고 있다. 이 기준은 미연방항공청(FAA)의 FAR Part 23 및 Part 33과 유럽항공안전청(EASA)의 CS-23 및 CS-E와 동등한 체계를 갖는다. FAA와 EASA는 소형 비행기의 감항기준을 전면 개정하였다. 설계 방식과 적합성 입증방법을 지정한 규범적 규정에서 안전한 성능을 달성하도록 목표를 지정하는 성능기반형 규정으로 전환한 것이다. 이러한 개념적 전환에 따라 동력장치 감항기준 또한 기존의 요건에서 대폭 변경되었다. 이에 따라 FAA의 동력장치 인증요건 개정 사항을 살펴보고 우리나라의 감항기준 개정 방향을 고찰하였다. Korean civil airworthiness requirements of powerplant system are regulated on KAS Part 23 and Part 33. These are equivalent to FAR Part 23, Part 33 of FAA and CS-23, CS-E of EASA. FAA and EASA rewrites entire airworthiness requirements for the small airplane. It changed current ‘prescriptive regulation’ into ‘performance-based regulation’ which makes the object of safety performance. Powerplant requirements are also changed extensively by these concept revolution. In accordance with reorganization, we studied new powerplant system requirements of FAR Part 23 and proposed ideal direction to rewrite of Korean Airworthiness Standard rewrite.

소형 비행기 동력장치에 관한 신규 인증요건 분석

이은석(Eunsuk Lee),이승근(Seung geun Lee),이강이(Kang-Yi Lee) 한국추진공학회 2018 한국추진공학회지 Vol.22 No.3

Korean civil airworthiness requirements of powerplant system are regulated by KAS(Korean Airworthiness Standard) Part 23 and Part 33. These are equivalent to FAR Part 23, Part 33 of FAA, and CS-23 and CS-E of EASA. FAA and EASA rewrite the airworthiness requirements for small airplane. They changed current ‘prescriptive regulation’ to a ‘performance-based regulation’ which makes safety performance the objective. Powerplant requirements have also been changed extensively by this concept revolution. In accordance with this reorganization, we studied the new powerplant system requirements of FAR Part 23 and proposed ideal directions to rewrite the Korean Airworthiness Standard.

SGML 문서 관리 시스템의 데이터베이스 관리기 설계 및 구현

이원석(Wonsuk Lee),류은숙(Eunsuk Ryu),김용훈(Yonghun Kim),이상기(Sangki Lee),김현기(Hyunki Kim),이혜란(Haeran Lee),주종철(Zongchul Zhoo),이규철(Kyuchul Lee) 한국정보과학회 1997 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.2Ⅰ

SGML은 문서 정보를 체계적으로 조직하고, 생성하고, 전송하기 위한 문서 표준으로서 문서의 적절한 구조가 유지되도록 문서 구조를 표현하는데 사용할 수 있다. 이러한 문서 형태로 표현된 정보에서는 기존의 파일 형태의 정보에 비해 의미적인 정보의 단위를 구조(structure)로서 표현하며, 이 구조 정보를 이용해 문서의 관리 및 검색, 저장에 이용할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 SGML 문서 관리 시스템의 하부 구조로서 대량의 SGML 문서를 효율적으로 저장 및 검색, 관리할 수 있는 데이터베이스 관리기 구조의 필요 모듈들을 도출하고 각 모듈의 기능과 모듈 사이의 인터페이스 관계를 기술하였다. 또한 본 논문에서는 데이터베이스 관리기 구조의 각 모듈에 대한 구현 내용을 설명하기 위해 각 모듈간의 데이터 처리 흐름도를 기술하였으며, 구현 환경으로는 객체 지향 DBMS인 O2 DBMS를 기반으로 한다.

Multi-story Mountains: Experiences of Mothers with Leukemia Children

( Eunsuk Lee ) 한국모자보건학회 2020 한국모자보건학회 학술대회 연제집 Vol.2020 No.-

Purpose: Chronic illness of childhood affects the parents' quality of life. Leukemia continues to be the largest contributor to cancer-related mortality in children. It is reported that parents of chronic ill children experience chronic grief and low quality of life. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences of mothers with leukemia children. Methods: A qualitative approach with phenomenological design was used. To collect depth information from the mothers of children with leukemia, purposive sampling technique was adopted. Data were collected from 10 mothers and each interview was about 35 to 45 minute. The interviewed data were analyzed through thematic analysis using Giorgi’s method. Inclusion criteria were mothers of children between the age group of 1-16 years diagnosed with leukemia and undergoing chemotherapy. Results: The average age of the mothers was 39.24(±4.14). The majority of mothers was employed (n=10; 100%), college education (n=7; 70.0%), Christian affiliated religious preference (n=8; 80.0%), married (n=10; 100%), middle class socioeconomic status (n=6; 60.0%) and the number of child was from 1 to 2 (n=10; 100%). Participants’ occupations were part-time or full-time employees in a small business store or educational institution. The results of the interviews extracted were carefully reviewed and the responses were categorized in the form of concepts in order to identify the experiences of mothers in caring for a child with leukemia. There were 5 themes were analyzed: ‘feelings of multi-story mountains: concern about the child’s death’, ‘inability of mothers to answer the children’s questions’, ‘inability to deal adequately with child aggression’, ‘suffering from the complications of the treatment’, and ‘financial, social, spiritual, psychological burden’. In the ‘feelings of multi-story mountains: concern about the child’s death’ theme, 3 categories were classified: ‘feeling hopeless for treatment of their children’, ‘difficulties in sleeping’, and ‘lack of time to spend with their children’. In the ‘inability of mothers to answer the children’s questions’ theme, 2 categories were identified: ‘inability of parents to answer questions about the reason of their children diseased’, and ‘inability of parents to answer their children’s questions about death’. In the ‘inability to deal adequately with child aggression’ theme, 2 categories were extracted: ‘inability to deal with child fights with her associates’, and ‘inability to deal with child aggression for resisting in taking the medicine’. In the ‘suffering from the complications of the treatment’ theme, 2 categories were explored: ‘suffering from children’s hair loss as a complications of the chemotherapy’, and ‘suffering from children’s nauseous and vomiting as a complications of the chemotherapy’. In the ‘financial, social, spiritual, psychological burden’ theme, 4 categories were discovered: ‘financial burden due to direct and indirect costs’, ‘psychological problems on the family due to change of mood, being ill-tempered, being nervous and sensitive’, ‘spiritual needs in prayer and difficulties in finding trust in God’, and ‘emotional pain and agony’. Conclusion: The results explored that mothers were shocked when they heard of the diagnosis of the child and went through a process of grief, and gradual acceptance had taken place. Many of the mothers had felt emotionally unstable and cried while they heard of the diagnosis. Thus, chronic illness such as leukemia in children results in negative impact on the child and on the mother. The present study finding also revealed that the condition of the child resulted in emotional impact on the mothers. Understanding these experiences helps the nurses in providing holistic care to a child with leukemia, apart from providing physical comfort to the child, she also needs to shift her attention toward the other dimensions of the child's personality and address the needs of mothers.

Distinctive rheological properties of Pickering emulsions: from their origin to the applications

Lee EunSuk,김동권,김규한 한국유변학회 2022 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.34 No.2

Pickering emulsion, which is stabilized by colloidal particles, has shown great promise in various fields due to its great stability and processibility. Depending on the type, size, number of colloidal particles, volume fraction of the dispersed phase, and emulsification method, various Pickering emulsions with different internal structures can easily be produced. Furthermore, according to the internal structure, the considerably different rheological properties can be achieved, from Newtonian viscous-like response to Hookean solid-like response. This strongly suggests that the rheological properties of Pickering emulsions can be tuned, especially for specific applications. In this paper, we summarize the progress in the measurement and understanding of the rheological properties of Pickering emulsions. We also categorize them into three different sections, depending on the volume fraction of the dispersed phase. Furthermore, we introduce the applications of Pickering emulsions that have recently become popular due to their distinctive rheological properties.

The association among social stigma, depressive symptom, and quality of life among Korean American HPV patients

( Eunsuk Lee ) 한국모자보건학회 2016 한국모자보건학회 학술대회 연제집 Vol.2016 No.2

연구배경 및 목적 Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection. A recent study found that 40% of women aged 20-24 years tested positive for high-risk types of the virus. Strong evidence for the role of persistent high-risk HPV in the aetiology of cervical cancer has resulted in HPV testing being recommended as part of cervical screening in the US. Despite the enormous progress in research on HPV, most of the general public remain unaware of the virus. However, as testing and vaccination become more widely used, public awareness will grow, and this could change the way that cervical cancer is perceived. The purpose of study was to examine among social stigma, depression, and quality of life among Korean American HPV patients. 대상 및 방법 102 Korean American HPV patients who registered in M woman's hospital in C city in the US, consecutively recruited. Data were analyzed with number, percentage, t-test, and ANOVA using SPSS/Win 22.0. Inclusion criteria was age of 20 years or over, participants who were able to understand the purpose of the study and agreed to participate in the study, and illegible for communication. The instruments used were Stigma Scale for Receiving Psychological Help (Komiya, 2000) to measure social stigma, CES-D Scale (Radloff, 1977) to measure depressive symptoms, and SF-12 (Ware, 1996) to measure quality of life. 연구결과 The participants' age was 23.58(±2.25). The majority was Bachelor's degree earned (n=68; 66.7%), not married (n=84; 82.4%), protestant (n=55; 53.9%), middle class socioeconomic status (n=68; 66.7%), employed (n=79; 77.5%), and previous awareness of HPV reported (n=66; 64.7%). The participants, perceived social stigma was 12.22(±1.76), depressive symptoms was 24.22(±11.79),quality of life physical component (QOL-PCS) was 34.20(±8.46), and quality of life mental component (QOL-MGS) was 45.36(±8.84). There were significant negative correlation between QOL-PCS and depressive symptoms (r=-. 48,p〈. 01); between QOL-MGS and depressive symptoms (r=-.40, p〈.01); and between QOL-MGS and social stigma (r=-.44, p〈.01). There was significant positive correlation between depressive symptoms and social stigma (r=.21, p〈.05). The strongest predictor for QOL-PCS was depressive symptoms (β =-.49,F=8.887, p〈.001), explaining 32% of the variance in the regression model. The strongest predictor for QOL-MCS was social stigma (β =-.52, F=12.579, p〈.001), explaining 40% of the variance in the regression model. 결 론 The findings indicate that public health messages that raise women’ 's awareness of the sexually transmitted nature of HPV may increase their feelings of stigma if they test positive for the virus. However, ensuring that women are aware that HPV is highly prevalent seems to reduce these negative feelings such as stigma or depressive symptoms, and to improve overall quality of life. Therefore, the results of the study will be useful to develop an intervention program and standard guidelines for the HPV patients in order to reduce social stigma and improve quality of life.

A Hybrid Approach to Should and Must

Eunsuk Lee 현대문법학회 2011 현대문법연구 Vol.63 No.-

This paper takes a hybrid approach, combining the time and causality frame approaches to examine the interchangeability between should and must, which are epistemic modal auxiliary verbs that indicate logical inference and deduction. It is argued that only must is used when deduction is temporally situated at the present or in the past and directed from consequences to causes, but only should is used when the same process is situated in the future and directed from causes to consequences. The paper also shows either should or must are used in the remaining two types of cases—that is, those in which the process of deduction regards future situations and moves from effects to causes, and those in which deduction regards present or past situations and moves from causes to effects.

Informational Processing Style, Spiritual Well-Being, and Quality of Life in the Chronically Critically Ill Elderly Patients

Eunsuk Lee 한국간호과학회 2015 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Social Stigma and Quality of Life in the Female HIV/AIDS Patients

( Eunsuk Lee ) 한국모자보건학회 2018 한국모자보건학회 학술대회 연제집 Vol.2018 No.2

Background and Aim: Social stigma and discrimination associated with HIV/AIDS are viewed as one of the greatest challenges for the female HIV/AIDS patients. HIV-infected female patients are considered socially unusual. They are unpleasantly different from the public and threatening to the public. Stigmatization from the disease deeply degrades the person's overall quality of life. Stigma and discrimination are world events which seriously affect the lives of people with HIV/AIDS. Culturally, women are exposed to more stigma, especially women living with HIV are blamed of sexual deviances and adul-tery. Several studies have implied that women have been more vulnerable to stigma, especially when HIV/AIDS is mentioned as a transmittable sexual disease. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationships between social stigma and quality of life in female HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: This research used a descriptive study design. Data were collected using Stigma Scale for Receiving Psychological Help to measure social stigma and SF-12 to measure quality of life. A convenience sample of 78 female HIV/AIDS patients was recruited in C general hospital in C city. Data were analyzed with number, percentage, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS/Win 25.0. Inclusion criteria were age of 20 years or over and female HID/AIDS participants who were able to understand the purpose of the study and agreed to participate in this study. Result: Out of 78 participants, the majority was Caucasian (n=34; 45.6%), not married (n=64; 82.1%), employed (n=62; 79.5%), Bachelor’s degree earned (n=60; 76.9%), protestant affiliation (n=40; 51.3%), and middle class socioeconomic status (n=52; 66.7%). Most of the participants reported their previous awareness of HIV/AIDS (n=46; 59.0%). Participants’ average age was 48.03 (±8.11) and duration of illness in year was 2.10(±0.58). There was a significant positive correlation between quality of life physical component summary and previous awareness of HIV/AIDS (r=.31, p<.01); and between social stigma and duration of HIV/AIDS illness in years (r=.84, p<.01). There was a significant negative correlation between social stigma and quality of life physical component summary (r=-.45, p<.01); between social stigma and quality of life mental component summary (r=-.32, p<.01); between duration of HIV/ AIDS illness in years and quality of life physical component summary (r=-.56, p<.01); and between duration of HIV/ AIDS illness in years and quality of life mental component summary (r=-.28, p<.01). The regression model significantly explained 39% of the variances in terms of quality of life physical component summary; the most influential factor to predict quality of life physical component summary was socioeconomic status (β=.463, p<.01). The participant’s race ethnicity (β=.254, p<.01), religion (β=.087, p<.01), the duration of HIV/AIDS illness in years (β=-.050, p<.01), and social stigma (β=-.027, p<.01) were also significant predictors for quality of life physical component summary. The regression model significantly explained 16% of the variances in terms of quality of life mental component summary; the most influential factor to predict quality of life mental component summary was social stigma (β=-.427, p<.01). The duration of HIV/AIDS illness in years (β=-.387, p<.01) and previous awareness of HIV/AIDS (β=.125, p<.01) were also significant predictors for quality of life mental component summary. Conclusion: Social stigma, race ethnicity, religion, and the duration of HIV/AIDS illness in years play an important role in patients' quality of life physical component summary and hinder them from accessing the treatment. Social stigma, the duration of HIV/AIDS illness in years, and previous awareness of HIV/AIDS are considerably important predicting factors to quality of life mental component summary. The results may be crucial to develop strategy in order to decrease the disease prevalence. As HIV/AIDS infection is increasing in worldwide, it is neces-sary to plan and practice proper strategies for eliminat-ing wrong conception among public, families and medi-cal teams, by which stigma could be reduced to the least extend. According to the findings, HIV/AIDS stigma has a negative impact on the society and it has been a barrier for the participants to access and gain equal social and medical rights. The insufficient knowledge, miscon-ceptions about the transmission ways, and the fear of be-ing infected as a woman may lead to inappropriate social behaviors towards. In conclusion, a cultural background for the public as well as a general knowledge about HIV/AIDS may contribute to positive attitudes for patients' health care.