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태권도 수련의 어린이 교육적 가치: 태권도 수련효과의 과학적 증거
( Kimberley D Lakes ) 국기원 2013 국기원태권도연구 Vol.4 No.3
세계적으로 많은 사람들이 오랫동안 태권도를 수련해 오고 있지만 그것이 어린이의 성장과 발달에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 엄격한 과학적 연구를 통해 구체적으로 규명한 연구를 거의 찾아 볼 수 없다. 본 연구의 목적은 질 높은 태권도 수련이 어린이의 자기-통제, 집행 기능, 수업행동, 운동 기능에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 입증한 세 편의 실험연구 결과를 그와 관련된 선행 연구와의 관계 속에서 논의하고 미래 태권도 연구의 방향을 제시하는데 있었다. Lakes(2013, 2014)의 연구에 의하면 태권도 수련이 어린이의 성장과 발달에 매우 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 그러한 결과는 다른 무도에 관한 선행 연구 결과와 일치하고 있다. 태권도에 관한 상관관계 연구나 다른 무도에 관한 실험연구에 의하면 태권도와 같은 무도를 수련하면 체력과 조정력이 향상되고, 운동능력이 향상되며, 심리적 혜택이 증진되는 효과가 있다. 다만 그러한 효과가 실험적으로 증명되지 않고 있어 그에 대한 연구가 절실히 요구되고 있다. In spite of the longevity and prevalence of Taekwondo practice around the world, the scientific study of Taekwondo, particularly its effects on child development, is just beginning. In this manuscript, I review several three recent randomized experimental studies with children, which have demonstrated that high quality Taekwondo training can improve children`s self-regulation, executive function, classroom behavior, and motor skills. These studies all support the effectiveness of Taekwondo as an intervention to promote positive youth development. Results from these randomized, controlled studies are consistent with prior correlational research in which Taekwondo and other martial arts programs were found to be associated with both physical effects such as fitness, coordination, motor skill and psychological benefits of affective, cognitive, behavioral, and social improvements. Taekwondo warrants further research to help us better understand the processes involved in producing positive effects on children.
Bile Reflux Gastropathy and Functional Dyspepsia
( Andrew Lake ),( Satish S C Rao ),( Sebastian Larion ),( Helena Spartz ),( Sravan Kavuri ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.3
Background/Aims The pathoetiology of functional dyspepsia remains unclear; one mechanism could be chemical gastropathy from chronic bile reflux. We aim to examine the association of bile reflux gastropathy with functional dyspepsia and identify predisposing factors. Methods In a retrospective study, patients with functional dyspepsia (Rome III) who completed symptom assessment, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and biopsies were categorized into 3 groups; bile gastropathy (BG), non-bile gastropathy (NBG), and no gastropathy (NG). Demographics, symptoms, endoscopy, and motility data were compared between groups. Multivariate analysis identified clinical factors associated with BG. Results Of 262 patients (77.5% female), 90 had BG, 121 had NBG, and 51 had NG. Baseline demographics were similar, however, patients with BG reported significantly more severe abdominal pain than NBG or NG groups (P = 0.018). Gastric erythema was significantly more common in BG vs NBG groups (P < 0.001). Cholecystectomy was significantly associated (OR, 6.6; P = 0.003) with the presence of gastropathy in BG compared to NBG or NG group. Patients with cholecystectomy had significantly more severe abdominal pain (P < 0.05), gastric erythema (P < 0.03), and gastritis (P < 0.05), and were more likely to be prescribed narcotic medications (P < 0.004) than patients without cholecystectomy. Conclusions Bile reflux gastropathy is associated with functional dyspepsia and causes more severe symptoms. Cholecystectomy predisposes to BG and abnormal pain, and could contribute to the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:400-407)
Exploring the Use of Essential Oils for Anxiety in Student Nurses: A Pilot Study
Pamela Lake,강희영,Gloria Duke 경북대학교 간호혁신연구소 2024 경북간호과학지 Vol.28 No.1
Purpose: This study evaluated the effectiveness of inhaled aromatherapy in reducing anxiety experienced by undergraduate nursing students during simulation laboratory activities. Methods: This pilot study followed a one-group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 17 nursing students from T University in the USA who participated in a simulation laboratory. Participants inhaled blended essential oils (lavender, bergamot, and sandalwood) for five days before the simulation lab checkoffs. Anxiety was measured using the State Anxiety Inventory, visual analog scale (VAS), and pulse rate. Results: State anxiety scores decreased from 23.53 (SD=4.57) before the intervention to 18.18 (SD=2.63) after the intervention, showing a significant difference (t=4.49, p<.001). VAS anxiety scores decreased from 4.92 (SD=1.63) before the intervention to 2.75 (SD=1.52) after the intervention, demonstrating a significant difference (t=4.11, p=.001). Pulse rate decreased from 81.53 (SD=14.31) before the intervention to 79.18 (SD=12.39) after the intervention; however, the difference was not significant (t=0.88, p=.393). Conclusion: This pilot study found a positive effect of the inhalation of a blend of essential oils on reducing student nurses’ stress and anxiety. However, the sample size was too small to obtain reliable results. Future studies with larger sample sizes and control groups are required to establish a causal relationship.