Investigation of the Phenomenon of Propagated Sensation along the Channels in the Upper Limb Following Administration of Acupuncture and Mock Laser

Shohreh Razavy,Marcus Gadau,Shi Ping Zhang,Fu Chun Wang,Sergio Bangrazi,Christine Berle,Mahrita Harahap,Tie Li,Wei Hong Li,Christopher Zaslawski 사단법인약침학회 2017 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.10 No.5

Background: Similar to De Qi psychophysical responses, propagated sensation along the channels (PSC) is considered an important phenomenon in traditional Chinese acupuncture. In acupuncture clinical trials, different acupuncture manipulation techniques are used to enhance the propagation of sensation along the channels to facilitate an optimum therapeutic result. Aim: To examine and compare the PSC reported by participants in a clinical trial following the administration of acupuncture and inactive mock laser. Methods: The study was embedded in a two-arm parallel design multicenter, randomized clinical trial, the Tennis Elbow AcupuncturedInternational StudydChina, Hong Kong, Australia, Italy (TEA IS CHAI). Needle sensations were measured using a validated instrument, the Massachusetts General Hospital Acupuncture Sensation Spreading Scale. Ninety-six participants with lateral elbow pain were randomly allocated into two groups in a 1:1 ratio; the acupuncture treatment group (n Z 47) and the mock laser control group (n Z 49). Participants in both groups received the intervention at two acupoints, LI10 and LI11, consisting of 2 minutes of either standardized needle manipulation or mock laser at each acupoint with a rest period between each intervention period. Data were collected immediately following the interventions at the first and the ninth session within the clinical trial. Results: Although participants in both groups perceived PSC radiating to similar sites along the upper limb, the frequency of the reported radiation sites among the two intervention groups for both radiation up the limb (p < 0.05) and radiation down the limb (p < 0.001) were statistically significantly different. Among the radiating sensation sites recorded within the two study groups, the sensations were reported as radiating a greater distance down the forearm to the wrist compared to up the arm. Evaluation of PSC across the four study sites revealed a statistically significant difference in frequency of the reported radiation down the limb sites in each study group and radiation up the limb sites only in control group only (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings of the study demonstrated that the PSC phenomenon is not just associated with needling but can be perceived when using a mock laser. Trial registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry reference: ACTRN12613001138774 on 11th of October 2013.

Iron Determination in Rat Plasma Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry and Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies

Li, Tie-Fu,Deng, Ying-Jie,Ma, Guang-Li,Jin, Jie,Li, Song Korean Chemical Society 2003 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.24 No.11

This paper describes an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometric method for the analysis of Fe in rat plasma. Calibration curves were obtained in the range of 0.125-1.50 ${\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$. The relative standard deviation ranges from 5.93% to 6.80%, and accuracy was between 87.6 and 102.0%. Dilution with water had no influence on the performance of the method, which could then be used to quantify Fe concentration in plasma up to 0.50 ${\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$. The limit of quantification was 0.10 ${\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$. At this level, the average relative standard deviation was 6.8%. The results indicate that the method meets the accuracy and precision requirements for the pharmacokinetic studies. The Fe concentration in rat plasma was measured and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by Topfit 2.0 (GmbH. Shering AG, Godecke AG, Germany).

단동, 중국, 북한의 경제 및 무역협력에 관한 연구

Tie-Li LI,Huai-Yu Jiang,Feng Gao 대한지리학회 2002 대한지리학회지 Vol.37 No.5

요동반도 경제 개방 지역의 동쪽 경계에 위치한 단동시(Dandong city)는 한반도, 중국, 유라시아 대륙을 연결하는 주요 관문이다. 단동시는 중국과 북한의 경제 및 무역에서 항상 중요한 역할을 담당했는데, 최근 중국의 개방 정책이 수행되고 동북아 지역에서 경제 협력이 강화되면서 더욱 중요성이 커졌다. 한반도에서 평화가 정착되고 북한의 개방이 진행됨에 따라 단동과 북한의 경제 및 무역 협력이 보다 큰 진전을 이룰 것으로 예상된다. The further economy and trade cooperation between China and the Korean Peninsula should be carried out due to the process of globalization. Being the biggest border city and one of the windows of opening outside policy, Dandong plays a very important role in the economy and trade cooperation between China and D.P.R.K. With the tendency of regional economy cooperation amony countries of Northeast Asia, Dandong should also act as a bridge in the economy and trade cooperation between R.O.K and D.P.R.K.

RESEARCH ON ECONOMY AND TRADE COOPERATION BETWEEN DANDONG CITY AND D.P.R. KOREA

LI Tie-Li,Jiang Huai-Yu,Gao Feng 대한지리학회 2001 대한지리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

Optimized Medium Improves Expression and Secretion of Extremely Thermostable Bacterial Xylanase, XynB, in Kluyveromyces Lactis

( Yin Tie ),( Li Li Miao ),( Fei Fei Guan ),( Gui Li Wang ),( Qing Peng ),( Bing Xue Li ),( Guo Hua Guan ),( Ying Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.11

An extremely thermostable xylanase gene, xynB, from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima MSB8 was successful expressed in Kluyveromyces lactis. The response surface methodology (RSM) was also applied to optimize the medium components for the production of XynB secreted by the recombinant K. lactis. The secretion level (102 mg/l) and enzyme activity (49 U/ml) of XynB in the optimized medium (yeast extract, lactose, and urea; YLU) were much higher than those (56 mg/l, 16 U/ml) in the original medium (yeast extract, lactose, and peptone; YLP). The secretory efficiency of mature XynB was also improved when using the YLU medium. When the mRNA levels of 13 characterized secretion-related genes in the K. lactis cultured in YLP and YLU were detected using a semiquantitative RT-PCR method, the unfolded protein response (UPR)-related genes, including ero1, hac1, and kar2, were found to be up-regulated in the K. lactis cultured in YLU. Therefore, the nutrient ingredients, especially the nitrogen source, were shown to have a significant influence on the XynB secretory efficiency of the host K. lactis.

Electronic structure and optical properties of V-doped Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ nanoparticles

Gu, Daguo,Qin, Yingying,Wen, Yongchun,Li, Tie,Qin, Lin,Seo, Hyo Jin Elsevier 2017 Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol.695 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Pure and V<SUP>5+</SUP>-doped Bi<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> (BTO) photocatalysts were prepared by sol–gel routine and subsequent hydrothermal synthesis. The samples were developed into the platelike microparticles with the exposed (001) facets. The crystalline phases were verified via the XRD measurement. The surface characteristics of the photocatalysts were studied by TEM, SEM, BET, EDX and XPS measurements. The UV–vis optical absorption spectra showed that the V-doped photocatalysts exhibit an obvious red shift in the visible light absorption band compared with the pure BTO. Rhodamine B (RhB) dye solution was used as the model organic pollutants to verify the influence of V-doping on the photocatalytic activity. The 10 mol % V-doped BTO showed efficient photocatalytic ability. The photocatalytic activities and mechanisms were discussed on the crystal structure characteristics and the measurements such as EES and XPS results.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> V-doped Bi<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> has been synthesized by sol-gel hydrothermal process. </LI> <LI> Single-crystal micro-plates with exposed {001} facets are reached. </LI> <LI> Visible light absorption in Bi<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> can be greatly improved by V-doping. </LI> <LI> V-doped Bi<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> gives better visible light photoactivity. </LI> </UL> </P>

Derivation of Empirical Compliance Equations for Circular Flexure Hinge Considering the Effect of Stress Concentration

Tie-Min Li,Jing-Lei Zhang,Yao Jiang 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

This paper presents the compliance modeling of circular flexure hinge. The calculation accuracies of several compliance equations are firstly compared with the finite element analysis (FEA) results. Then the influences of the stress concentration on the compliance calculations of the flexure hinge are analyzed systematically. It shows that the stress concentration has great influence on the axial compliance calculation. Utilizing the exponential model, empirical compliance equations of circular flexure hinge are derived, and the influences of the stress concentration on the axial compliance are considered. These empirical compliance equations are verified to be with high calculation accuracy for a wide range of t/R ratios. Finally, the empirical compliance equations are utilized to analyze the compliance and displacement amplification ratio of a bridge-type compliant amplifier. The results are compared with FEA software, and it proves the accuracy and effectiveness of these empirical equations once again. In addition, the modeling method presented in this paper is general and can also be applied to the compliance equations derivation of other types of flexure hinges.

Reducing driving voltage and securing electro-optic reliability of in-plane switching liquid crystal display by applying polysulfone photoalignment layer with photo-reactive mesogens

Tie, Weiwei,Jeong, Il Hwa,Jang, In Won,Han, Ji Su,Liu, Yang,Li, Xiang-Dan,Lee, Myoung-Hoon,Jeong, Kwang-Un,Lee, Seung Hee Taylor Francis 2014 Liquid crystals Vol.41 No.8

Effects of Down-regulation of HDAC6 Expression on Proliferation, Cell Cycling and Migration of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells and Related Molecular Mechanisms

Li, Ning,Tie, Xiao-Jing,Liu, Pei-Jie,Zhang, Yan,Ren, Hong-Zheng,Gao, Xin,Xu, Zhi-Qiao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Objective: To study the effects of down-regulation of HDAC6 expression on proliferation, cell cycling and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and related molecular mechanisms. Methods: ESCC cell line EC9706 cells were randomly divided into untreated (with no transfection), control siRNA (transfected with control siRNA) and HDAC6 siRNA (transfected with HDAC6 small interfering RNA) groups. Effects of HDAC6 siRNA interference on expression of HDAC6 mRNA and protein in EC9706 cells were investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry methods. Effects of down-regulation of HDAC6 expression on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell migration were studied using a CCK-8 kit, flow cytometry and Boyden chambers, respectively. Changes of mRNA and protein expression levels of cell cycle related factor (p21) and cell migration related factor (E-cadherin) were investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting methods. Results: After transfection of HDAC6 siRNA, the expression of HDAC6 mRNA and protein in EC9706 cells was significantly downregulated. In the HDAC6 siRNA group, cell proliferation was markedly inhibited, the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase evidently increased and the percentage of cells in S phase decreased, and the number of migrating cells significantly and obviously decreased. The mRNA and protein expression levels of p21 and E-cadherin in the HDAC6 siRNA group were significantly higher than those in the untreated group and the control siRNA group, respectively. Conclusions: HDAC6 siRNA can effectively downregulate the expression of HDAC6 mRNA and protein in EC9706 cells. Down-regulation of HDAC6 expression can obviously inhibit cell proliferation, arrest cell cycling in the G0/G1 phase and reduce cell migration. The latter two functions may be closely related with the elevation of mRNA and protein expression of p21 and E-cadherin.

Robot Grinding System Trajectory Compensation Based on Co-Kriging Method and Constant-Force Control Based on Adaptive Iterative Algorithm

Tie Zhang,Ye Yu,Li-xin Yang,Meng Xiao,Shou-yan Chen 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.21 No.9

To reduce the grinding trajectory deviation caused by the absolute positioning accuracy of robot, a trajectory compensation method based on Co-Kriging space interpolation method is proposed. Meanwhile, an adaptive iterative constant force control method based on one-dimensional force sensor is proposed to improve the processing quality and efficiency of robot belt grinding. Firstly, an error model based on 6 DOF robot is constructed. Then, considering the workspace of robot belt grinding and the similarity of robot position error, the Co-Kriging compensation algorithm is used to compensate the grinding trajectory, which makes the compensation process convenient and accurate. Then, a grinding dynamics model based on deformation is established, and an adaptive iterative constant force control is proposed for complex robot belt grinding process, which overcomes the instability of grinding force and shortens its convergence time. Finally, the grinding trajectory compensation experiment and the force control experiment of spherical workpiece are carried out. The results show that the space interpolation compensation algorithm based on Co-Kriging method can significantly improve both the space position error of grinding trajectory and the actual error of workpiece, which proves the feasibility of compensation algorithm. Through force control algorithm, the grinding force fluctuation is maintained within 2 N, the mean value, standard deviation and variance of absolute value of force error are significantly reduced, the convergence rate of grinding force and the roughness of workpiece are much better than before, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed force control algorithm.