Discovery of urinary metabolomic biomarkers for early detection of acute kidney injury

Won, A Jin,Kim, Siwon,Kim, Yoon Gyoon,Kim, Kyu-Bong,Choi, Wahn Soo,Kacew, Sam,Kim, Kyeong Seok,Jung, Jee H.,Lee, Byung Mu,Kim, Suhkmann,Kim, Hyung Sik The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Molecular bioSystems Vol.12 No.1

<P>The discovery of new biomarkers for early detection of drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is clinically important. In this study, sensitive metabolomic biomarkers identified in the urine of rats were used to detect cisplatin-induced AKI. Cisplatin (10 mg kg(-1), i.p.) was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats, which were subsequently euthanized after 1, 3 or 5 days. In cisplatin-treated rats, mild histopathological alterations were noted at day 1, and these changes were severe at days 3 and 5. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels were significantly increased at days 3 and 5. The levels of new urinary protein-based biomarkers, including kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), glutathione S-transferase-alpha (GST-alpha), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), calbindin, clusterin, neutrophil, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and osteopontin, were significantly elevated at days 3 and 5. Among urinary metabolites, trigonelline and 3-indoxylsulfate (3-IS) levels were significantly decreased in urine collected from cisplatin-treated rats prior to histological kidney damage. However, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a hepatotoxicant, did not affect these urinary biomarkers. Trigonelline is closely associated with GSH depletion and results in insufficient antioxidant capacity against cisplatin-induced AKI. The predominant cisplatin-induced AKI marker appeared to be reduced in urinary 3-IS levels. Because 3-IS is predominantly excreted via active secretion in proximal tubules, a decrease is indicative of tubular damage. Further, urinary excretion of 3-IS levels was markedly reduced in patients with AKI compared to normal subjects. The area under the curve receiver operating characteristics (AUC-ROC) for 3-IS was higher than for SCr, BUN, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, and glucose. Therefore, low urinary or high serum 3-IS levels may be more useful for early detection of AKI than conventional biomarkers.</P>

The Longitudinal Trend of Cardiac Surgery in Korea from 2003 to 2013

Lee, Kyeong Soo,Kim, Chang Suk,Park, Jong Heon,Hwang, Tae Yoon,Kim, Sang Won,Sim, Sung Bo,Lee, Kun Sei The Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular 2016 The Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Vol.49 No.sup

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes of the utilization of operational and surgical medical care inside and outside a metropolitan area over 10 years, analyzing the residential areas of patients and the locations of medical facilities for major cardiovascular surgery. Methods: Data analysis was conducted by classifying the addresses of patients and the locations of medical care facilities of metropolitan cities and provinces, using data from the National Health Insurance Corporation from January 2003 to December 2013. Results: There is serious concentration of major heart surgery to medical facilities in Seoul; this problem has not improved over time. There were differences in percentages of surgical procedures performed in the metropolitan areas according to major diseases. In the case of Busan and Daegu provinces, at least 50% of the patients underwent surgery in medical facilities in the city, but there are other regions where the percentage is less than 50%. In the case of provinces, the percentage of surgical procedures performed in medical facilities in Seoul or nearby metropolitan cities is very high. Conclusion: Policies to strengthen the regional capabilities of heart surgery and to secure human resources are required to mitigate the concentration of patients in the capital area. Many regional multi-centers must be designated to minimize unnecessary competition among regional university hospitals and activate a win-win partnership model for medical services.

전남 가거도의 식물상

윤경원 ( Kyeong Won Yun ),황용 ( Yong Hwang ),소순구 ( Soon Ku So ),김무열 ( Mu Yeol Kim ) 한국환경생태학회 2012 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.26 No.2

가거도는 전남 신안군 흑산면에 속하는 한국의 최서남단에 위치한 섬이다. 가거도의 관속식물은 93과 246속 289종7아종 36변종 9품종으로 총 341분류군으로 조사되었다. 열매가 노란색인 참식나무의 새로운 품종이 발견되어 노랑참식나무 Neolitsea sericea (Bl.) Koidz. for. koreana M. Kim 라고 명명하였다. 가거도의 특산식물은 흑산도비비추, 처진물봉선, 새끼노루귀, 개족도리풀 등 8종이 발견되었으며, 희귀 및 멸종위기식물은 박달목서와 으름난초 등 3종이 발견되었다. 식물지리학적으로 흥미있는 종은 푸른가막살, 가거꼬리고사리, 가거애기닥나무 등 9종이다. 귀화식물은 11종이며 귀화율은 3.2%이다. Vascular plants of Island Gageo in Jellonamdo were investigated 10 times from August, 2005 to August, 2011. In the result of survey, the flora of this island consists of 341 taxa totally; 93 families, 246 genera, 289 species, 7 subspecies, 36 varieties and 9 forms. Yellow-fruit bearing plants of Neolitsea sericea which were found in this island are newly named as Neolitsea sericea (Bl.) Koidz. for. koreana M. Kim. There were 8 Korean endemic plants such as Hosta yingeri, Impatiens furcillata, Saussurea pseudo-gracilis, etc. Also 3 Korean endangered species which is designating by Ministry of Environment such as Osmanthus insularis and Cyrtosia septentrionalis and 9 rare and remarkable species such as Viburnum japonicum, Asplenium yoshinagae, Broussonetia kazinoki for. koreana, etc. were found in this island. Furthermore, 11 taxa of naturalized plants (3.2%) were also observed in this island.

Characteristics of hypertension subtypes and treatment outcome among elderly Korean hypertensives

Choi, Suk-Won,Kim, Min-Kyu,Han, Seong-Woo,Kim, Sung Hea,Kim, Hyun Joong,Kang, Seok-Min,Kim, Dae-Kyeong,Kim, Byung Soo,Kim, Won Ho,Kim, Jang-Young,Kim, Hee-Yeol,Rhew, Jay-Young,Park, Keum-Soo,Cho, Kyou Elsevier 2014 Journal of the american society of hypertension Vol.8 No.4

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Discovery and Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) Marker Development with Korean Japonica Rice Varieties

( Kyeong-seong Cheon ),( Jeongho Baek ),( Young-il Cho ),( Young-min Jeong ),( Youn-young Lee ),( Jun Oh ),( Yong Jae Won ),( Do-yu Kang ),( Hyoja Oh ),( Song Lim Kim ),( Inchan Choi ),( In Sun Yoon ) 한국육종학회 2018 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.6 No.4

Genome resequencing by next-generation sequencing technology can reveal numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within a closely-related cultivar group, which would enable the development of sufficient SNP markers for mapping and the identification of useful genes present in the cultivar group. We analyzed genome sequence data from 13 Korean japonica rice varieties and discovered 740,566 SNPs. The SNPs were distributed at 100-kbp intervals throughout the rice genome, although the SNP density was uneven among the chromosomes. Of the 740,566 SNPs, 1,014 SNP sites were selected on the basis of polymorphism information content (PIC) value higher than 0.4 per 200-kbp interval, and 506 of these SNPs were converted to Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers. The 506 KASP markers were tested for genotyping with the 13 sequenced Korean japonica rice varieties, and polymorphisms were detected in 400 KASP markers (79.1%) which would be suitable for genetic analysis and molecular breeding. Additionally, a genetic map comprising 205 KASP markers was successfully constructed with 188 F2 progenies derived from a cross between the varieties, Junam and Nampyeong. In a phylogenetic analysis with 81 KASP markers, 13 Korean japonica varieties showed close genetic relationships and were divided into three groups. More KASP markers are being developed and these markers will be utilized in gene mapping, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis, marker-assisted selection and other strategies relevant to crop improvement.

The Patterns of Intraosseous Venography before Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Osteoporotic Compression Fractures

Kim, Dong-Sung,Doh, Jae-Won,Lee, Kyeong-Seok,Yoon, Seok-Mann,Shim, Jai-Joon,Kim, Seong-Ho The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2008 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.43 No.6

Objective : Bone cement leakage is a well-known potential complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in patients with osteoporotic compression fracture. Even though there has been a controversy in the efficacy of antecedent venography to prevent this complication, many authors have performed intra osseous venography before bone cement injection. The goal of this study was to classify the venous drainage patterns of spine before PVP, and compare their patterns at different vertebral levels. Methods : The authors retrospectively reviewed 1,042 intraosseous venographic patterns in 321 patients with 574 osteoporotic compression fractures during six-year period in one institution. To classify venogram patterns, we selected simple lateral X-ray of spine taken immediately after injection of the contrast dye. We classified the venography patterns according to contrast leakage pattern and leakage direction as follows; trabecular (TR), trabecular anterior (TA), trabecular posterior (TP), trabecular anterior-posterior (TAP), trabecular lateral (TL), venous anterior(VA), venous posterior (VP), venous anterior-posterior (VAP), soft tissue (ST). Also, we compared venogram patterns according to different spinal levels. Results : In overall, the most common pattern was TP type accounting for 37.4% (390/1042) of all intraosseous venograms. This is followed by TAP in 21.5%, TR 17.4%, TA 116%, TL 5.8%, ST 4.1%, VA 1.2%, VP 0.6%, and VAP 0.4% in descending order of frequency. According to the spinal level, TR and TAP types were most common in thoracic spine (T6-T10), TP type was most common in thoraco-Iumbar spine (T11-L2), and TP and TAP types were most common in lumbo-sacral spine (L3-S1). Contrast dye leakage to soft tissue such as psoas muscle or disc were detected in 43 (4.1%) venograms. Direct venous drainage without staining of vertebral body was found in 23 (2.2%) venograms. The 8.3% of thoracic venogram showed direct venous drainage. Thoracic level showed a more tendency of direct venous drainage than other spine levels (p<001). Conclusion : The authors propose a new classification system of intra osseous venography during PVP. The trabecular-posterior (TP) type is most common through all spine, and venous-filling (V) type was most frequent in thoracic spine. Further study would be necessary to elucidate the efficacy of this classification system to prevent bone cement leakage during PVP.

Coupled Column Chromatography in Chiral Separation of Salmeterol

Kim, Kyeong-Ho,Yun, Hyeong-Won,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Park, Hyun-Ji,Choi, Pok-Wha The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1998 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.21 No.2

A coupled achiral-chiral high-performance liquid chromatographic system has been developed for the determination of the enantiomers of salmeterol, S-(+)-salmeterol and R-(-)-salmeterol in urine. THe salmeterol was separated from the interfering components in urine and quantified on the silica column, and the enantiomeric composition was determined on a Sumichiral OA-4700 chiral stationary phase. The two columns were connected by a switching valve equipped with a silica precolumn. The two columns wer connected by a switching valve equipped with a silica precolumn. The precolumn was used to concentrate the salmeterol in the eluent from the achiral column before backflushing onto the chiral phase. The coupled system was validated.

Antifungal Activity of Effective Microorganisms-Processed Sulfur Solution against Saprolegnia Parasitica and Its Safety in Freshwater-Farmed Fish

Kyeong-Hee Kim,Sang-Jong Lee,Mi-Hee Kim,Hyo-Kon Chun,Hye-Hyun Lee,Saet-Byul Chu,Seung-Hyeop Lee,Jung-Hwan Kim,Seung-Won Yi 한국수산해양기술학회(구 한국어업기술학회) 2016 한국수산해양기술학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2016 No.10

Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis infection in weaned pigs: a first clinicopathological case report from Korea

Kim, Jongho,Kim, Gyeongyeob,Lee, Hyunkyoung,Moon, Bo-Youn,Lee, Kichan,Byun, Jae-Won,Park, Ji-Young,Lee, Kyoung-Ki,Jeoung, Hye-Young,Ko, Mi-Kyeong,Ku, Bok-Kyung,Chung, Yun Soo,Bae, You-Chan The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2022 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.62 No.2

Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis causes swine paratyphoid, with clinical findings of enterocolitis and septicemia. However, the clinicopathological features of S. Choleraesuis infections in pigs have not been reported in Korea. We describe the pathological findings of two weaned pigs with S. Choleraesuis infections, presenting with diarrhea, cough, and sudden death. Pathological examination indicated severe necrotic colitis in pig 1 and septicemic lesions in pig 2. Multidrug-resistant S. Choleraesuis was isolated from the pigs' lungs and intestinal contents. Further research is required for the surveillance of S. Choleraesuis infections in pigs and the virulence estimation in the S. Choleraesuis isolates.

Pretreated fucoidan confers neuroprotection against transient global cerebral ischemic injury in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area via reducing of glial cell activation and oxidative stress

Kim, Hyunjung,Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Song, Minah,Kim, Dae Won,Lee, Tae-Kyeong,Lee, Jae-Chul,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Cho, Jun Hwi,Hwang, In Koo,Yan, Bing Chun,Won, Moo-Ho,Park, Joon Ha Elsevier 2019 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.109 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown algae and possesses various beneficial activities, including antioxidant property. Previous studies have shown that fucoidan displays protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in some organs. However, few studies have been reported regarding the protective effect of fucoidan against transient cerebral ischemic insults and its related mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, we examined the neuroprotective effect of fucoidan against transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI), as well as underlying its mechanism using a gerbil model of tGCI which shows a loss of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) area after 5 min of tGCI. Fucoidan (25 and 50 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered once daily for 5 days before tGCI. Pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of fucoidan, not 25 mg/kg of fucoidan, attenuated tGCI-induced hyperactivity and protected CA1 pyramidal neurons from tGCI. In addition, pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of fucoidan inhibited activations of astrocytes and microglia in the ischemic CA1 area. Furthermore, pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of fucoidan significantly reduced the increased 4-hydroxy-2-noneal and superoxide anion radical production in the ischemic CA1 area and significantly increased expressions of SOD1 and SOD2 in the CA1 pyramidal neurons before and after tGCI. Additionally, treatment with diethyldithiocarbamate (an inhibitor of SODs) to the fucoidan-treated gerbils notably abolished the fucoidan-mediated neuroprotection. In brief, our present results indicate that fucoidan can effectively protect neurons from tGCI through attenuation of activated glial cells and reduction of oxidative stress via increase of SODs. Thus, we strongly suggest that fucoidan can be used as a useful preventive agent in cerebral ischemia.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Pretreatment with fucoidan protects CA1 pyramidal neurons from ischemic damage. </LI> <LI> Pretreated fucoidan inhibits activation of glial cells in ischemic CA1 area. </LI> <LI> Pretreated fucoidan attenuates oxidative stress in CA1 area after ischemic insult. </LI> <LI> Pretreated fucoidan increases SODs expressions in ischemic CA1 pyramidal neurons. </LI> <LI> Fucoidan-mediated neuroprotection is abolished by DDC (SODs inhibitor) treatment. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>