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The etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding depending on patient’s age and gender
Song, Joo Hye,Hong, Sung Noh,Kyung Chang, Dong,Ran Jeon, Seong,Kim, Jin-Oh,Kim, Jinsu,Lee, Bo-In,Choi, Myung-Gyu,Kim, Kyeong Ok,Yang, Dong-Hoon,Song, Hyun Joo,Hyuk Do, Jae,Jeong Lim, Yun,Shim, Ki-Nam SAGE Publications 2018 United European gastroenterology journal Vol.6 No.8
<B>Background</B><P> Whether the etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding depends on the age and gender of the patient is not yet fully understood. </P><B>Methods</B><P> A total of 1953 patients who underwent video capsule endoscopy (VCE) to evaluate potential small-bowel bleeding and were registered in the Capsule Endoscopy Nationwide Database Registry from 2003 to 2014 were eligible for this study. VCE findings and the etiology of small-bowel bleeding were analyzed by age and gender. </P><B>Results</B><P> The diagnostic yield of VCE was 48.4% (95% CI: 46.2%-50.6%) and the diagnosis rate of etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding was 61.4% (95% CI: 59.2%-63.6%). The etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding depends on the age and gender of the patient. Crohn's disease and small-bowel diverticular diseases were more prevalent etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding in the young adults group (@@<@@ 40 years) whereas angiodysplasia was revealed to be a most common etiology in elderly group (≥ 60 years), reaching statistical significance ( p@@<@@0.00152) by Bonferroni correction. </P><B>Conclusions</B><P> The etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding depends on the age of the patient. Thus, an individualized lesion-specific diagnostic approach based on age might be needed for patients with potential small-bowel bleeding. </P>
Kyeong Ho Song,Won Seok Oh,Jae Woo Lee,Min Wook Kim,Dae Kyun Jeong,Seong Hwan Bae,Hyun Yul Kim,Youn Joo Jung,Ki Seok Choo,Kyung Jin Nam,Ji Hyeon Joo,Mi Sook Yun,Su Bong Nam 대한성형외과학회 2021 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.48 No.6
Background Breast reconstruction using an extended latissimus dorsi (eLD) flap can supplement more volume than reconstruction using various local flaps after partial mastectomy, and it is a valuable surgical method since the reconstruction area is not limited. However, when performing reconstruction, the surgeon should consider latissimus dorsi (LD) volume reduction due to postoperative chemotherapy (POCTx) and postoperative radiotherapy (PORTx). To evaluate the effect of POCTx and PORTx on LD volume reduction, the effects of each therapy—both separately and jointly—need to be demonstrated. The present study quantified LD volume reduction in patients who underwent POCTx and PORTx after receiving breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with an eLD flap. Methods This study included 48 patients who received immediate breast reconstruction using an eLD flap from January 2013 to March 2017, had chest computed tomography (CT) 7–10 days after surgery and 10–14 months after radiotherapy completion, and were observed for more than 3 years postoperatively. One surgeon performed the breast reconstruction procedures, and measurements of breast volume were obtained from axial CT views, using a picture archiving and communication system. A P-value <0.05 was the threshold for statistical significance. Results The average volume reduction of LD at 10–14 months after completing POCTx and PORTx was 64.5% (range, 42.8%–81.4%) in comparison to the volume measured 7–10 days after surgery. This change was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Based on the findings of this study, when harvesting an eLD flap, surgeons should anticipate an average LD volume reduction of 64.5% if chemotherapy and radiotherapy are scheduled after BCS with an eLD flap.
( Joo Hye Song ),( Eun Ae Kang ),( Soo-kyung Park ),( Sung Noh Hong ),( You Sun Kim ),( Ki Bae Bang ),( Kyeong Ok Kim ),( Hong Sub Lee ),( Sang-bum Kang ),( Seung Yong Shin ),( Eun Mi Song ),( Jong Pi 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.5
Background/Aims: Our study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes and risk factors for relapse after anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α cessation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients because they are not well established. Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted involving patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) from 10 referral hospitals in Korea who discontinued firstline anti-TNF therapy after achieving clinical remission. Results: A total of 109 IBD patients (71 CD and 38 UC) with a median follow-up duration of 56 months were analyzed. The cumulative relapse rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 11.3%, 46.7%, and 62.5% for CD patients and 28.9%, 45.3%, and 60.9% for UC patients. Multivariable Cox analysis revealed that discontinuation owing to the clinician’s decision was associated with lower risk of relapse (vs patient’s preference: hazard ratio [HR], 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04 to 0.48; p=0.002) and adalimumab use was associated with higher risk of relapse (vs infliximab: HR, 4.42; 95% CI, 1.24 to 17.74; p=0.022) in CD patients. Mucosal healing was associated with lower risk of relapse (vs nonmucosal healing: HR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.83; p=0.031) in UC patients. Anti-TNF re-induction was provided to 52 patients, and a response was obtained in 50 patients. However, 25 of them discontinued retreatment owing to a loss of response (n=15), the patient’s preference (n=6), and other factors (n=4). Conclusions: More than 60% of IBD patients in remission under anti-TNF therapy relapsed within 5 years of treatment cessation. Anti-TNF re-induction was effective. However, half of the patients discontinued anti-TNF therapy, and 50% of these patients discontinued treatment owing to loss of response. (Gut Liver 2021;15:752-762)
( Joo Young Chung ),( Ha Yong Yoon ),( Yun Jung Choi ),( Soo Kyeong Song ),( Won Seok Lee ),( Wan Hee Yoo ) 대한류마티스학회 2014 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.21 No.6
Dermatomyositis (DM) is a systemic inflammatory disease affecting skeletal muscles and other organs. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (PnM) has been previously reported as a rare complication of DM and it is known to occur more frequently in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Here we report on a case of a 52-year-old woman with DM who developed spontaneous PnM, which was treated successfully with high-dose steroid pulse therapy and cyclosporine A (CsA). This case suggests that CsA can be an effective therapeutic agent in DM refractory to glucocorticoid therapy, with ILD or pulmonary fibrosis accompanied by DM. CsA should be considered as an initial immunosuppressive agent for patients with PnM in DM.
( Kyeong-su Kim ),( Min Seok Kim ),( Young-suk Song ),( Sueng Won Jung ),( Hyun-joo Oh ),( Choon-oh Lee ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2
Soil depth plays an important role in shallow landslide prediction. However, it is not easy directly to get a detailed soil depth distribution in field. The purpose of this study is the estimation of spatial distribution of soil depth and its application to shallow landslide prediction using a steady state physical based shallow landslide model. To do this, soil depths of 120 points using knocking pole test and elevation datasets using GPS RTK-1 were collected at a small hillslope site in Jinbu, Pyeongchang, South Korea. Then three soil depth distributions were estimated. First, average soil depth distribution was calculated using measured soil depth (ASD). Second, soil depth distribution estimated by a kriging method with measured soil depth (KSD). Lastly, the soil depth distribution estimated by artificial neural networks (ANNs) using soil depth measured and eight topographic attributes were estimated (ANNSD). To analysis the accuracy of each soil depth distribution, the lowest root mean square error, mean absolute error and the highest values of the coefficient of determination were applied and, KSD showed better than the non-linear model of ANNs. To perform the accuracy of shallow landslide prediction among the each soil depth distribution, modified success ratio (MSR) was applied. In the results, ASD and KSD showed low MSR values 63.45% and 68.78%, respectively. In contrast, ANNSD showed high model performance value 91.34 %. These results indicated that ANNs can be one of the reasonable methods to estimate the soil depth distribution for shallow landslide prediction than did others.
Rare Manifestations of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: the Role of <i>BRAF</i> Mutation Analysis
Song, Young Shin,Jung, Chan Kwon,Jung, Kyeong Cheon,Park, Young Joo,Won, Jae-Kyung KOREAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2017 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.32 No.10
<P>Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is difficult to distinguish from other cancers, especially when its pathological features are atypical for ATC or when the tumor is totally undifferentiated and occurs after a considerable lapse of time, in an area remote from the original site of the tumor. Here, we present two patients (68-year-old man and 56-year-old woman) with rare manifestations of ATC, which were initially thought to be other malignancies. Immunohistochemical tests, using various markers, failed to provide information about the origin of these tumors. However, both patients had a history of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) from several years ago and <I>BRAF</I> mutations were observed in the undifferentiated tumors, as well as in the previous PTCs. Therefore, we could make a diagnosis of ATC derived from PTC. As such, <I>BRAF</I> mutation analysis may serve as a useful tool for ATC diagnosis in challenging ATC cases.</P>
Song, Shin Ae,Jung, Kyeong Youl,Oh, Joo Young,Chang, Young-Wook,Kim, Kiyoung,Lim, Sung Nam,Jeong, Yong-Cheol Elsevier 2017 Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engine Vol.78 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A photoelectrode containing nanochannels was prepared to enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The nanochannels in the photoelectrode enhanced the active area for charge transfer between the TiO<SUB>2</SUB>, dye, and electrolyte. Polystyrene (PS) nanobeads were prepared by solution polymerization, and the nanochannels were produced by the addition of these PS nanobeads (10wt. %) to the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> paste from which the photoelectrode was made. The added PS nanobeads were decomposed by the 500°C heat treatment that was used to sinter the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> particles, leading to the formation of nanochannels. The nanochannels increase the impregnated dye amounts and the contact area was enlarged. The efficiencies of photovoltaic cells without and with the nanochannels were 5.19 and 7.47%, respectively. The nanochannels resulted in the enlarged impregnated dye amount and dye/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/electrolyte interface, which increased the degree of penetration of the photoelectrode by the dye and electrolyte via the nanochannels. Thus, the effectiveness of the delivery of electrons and holes to the electrodes was enhanced, leading to dramatic improvements in the photovoltaic cell performance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Preparation of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photoelectrode with nanochannels for dye sensitive solar cells. </LI> <LI> Preparation of nanochannels by adding and decomposing nanosized PS beads in TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photoelectrode. </LI> <LI> Enhancement of photo-conversion efficiency using the modified photoelectrode. </LI> <LI> Increase of impregnated dye amount and decrease of charge transfer resistance after loading PS beads. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Song, Pil Sang,Ryu, Dong Ryeol,Kim, Min Jeong,Jeon, Ki-Hyun,Choi, Rak Kyeong,Park, Jin Sik,Song, Young Bin,Hahn, Joo-Yong,Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol,Ahn, Youngkeun,Jeong, Myung Ho,Choi, Seung-Hyuk The Korean Society of Cardiology 2018 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.48 No.6
<P><B>Background and Objectives</B></P><P>A risk prediction is needed even in the contemporary era of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We sought to develop a risk scoring specific for patients with AMI being treated with guideline-adherent optimal therapies, including percutaneous coronary intervention and all 5 medications (aspirin, thienopyridine, β-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker, and statin).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>From registries, 12,174 AMI patients were evaluated. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause death or AMI. The Korea Working Group in Myocardial Infarction (KorMI) system was compared with the Assessment of Pexelizumab in Acute Myocardial Infarction (APEX AMI), Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC), and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events scores (GRACE) models.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Ten predictors were identified: left ventricular dysfunction (hazard ratio [HR], 2.3), bare-metal stent (HR, 2.0), Killip class ≥II (HR, 1.9), renal insufficiency (HR, 1.8), previous stroke (HR, 1.6), regional wall-motion- score >20 on echocardiography (HR, 1.5), body mass index ≤24 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP> (HR, 1.4), age ≥70 years (HR, 1.4), prior coronary heart disease (HR, 1.4), and diabetes (HR, 1.4). Compared with the previous models, the KorMI system had good discrimination (time-dependent C statistic, 0.759) and showed reasonable goodness-of-fit by Hosmer-Lemeshow test (p=0.84). Moreover, the continuous-net reclassification improvement varied from −27.3% to −19.1%, the integrated discrimination index varied from −2.1% to −0.9%, and the median improvement in risk score was from −1.0% to −0.4%.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The KorMI system would be a useful tool for predicting outcomes in survivors treated with guideline-adherent optimal therapies after AMI.</P>