Cyanobacterial Diversity Shifts Induced by Butachlor in Selected Indian Rice Fields in Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Western Bihar Analyzed with PCR and DGGE

( Kumari ),( Nidhi ),( Om Prakash Narayan ),( Lal Chand Rai ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.1

The Impact of Geopolitical Risk on Financial Conditions of Emerging Economies

Namarta Kumari BAJAJ(Namarta Kumari BAJAJ ),Tariq AZIZ(Tariq AZIZ ),Sonia KUMARI(Sonia KUMARI ),Marim ALENEZI(Marim ALENEZI ),Naif Mansour MATHKUR(Naif Mansour MATHKUR ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.1

The detrimental impacts of financial instability on the world economy during the financial crisis highlighted the requirement to understand the existing financial circumstances. Stability and developments in financial conditions are important for economic prosperity. This study analyses the impact of geopolitical risk on the economic conditions of some specific emerging economies using monthly data from January 1999 to September 2016 by applying a fixed-effects panel data model. The estimation results demonstrated that geopolitical risk has a significant, negative impact on financial conditions. It shows geopolitical risk could be seen as a key factor that contributes towards financial conditions. Further, it implies that negative shocks of high geopolitical risk experienced by emerging economies are one of the primary reasons for the financial conditions’ deterioration. The findings provide important insights for governments, policymakers, and investors. For instance, governments and politicians should refrain from expressing or producing tension, economic discomfort, or news that is likely to increase a high geopolitical risk. Maintaining a close eye on geopolitical risk and its sources may also help to stabilize financial conditions and develop a well-functioning financial system. As a result, investors would be better informed about an economy’s economic and financial conditions, allowing them to diversify their international portfolios and devise investing strategies during uncertain economic times.

Response to the Comment by Chandra S on “Interaction of Ion Cyclotron Electromagnetic Wave with Energetic Particles in the Existence of Alternating Electric (AC) Field Using Ring Distribution”

Kumari Neeta Shukla,Jyoti Kumari,Rama Shankar Pandey 한국우주과학회 2023 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.40 No.2

Response to the Comment by Chandra S on “Interaction of Ion Cyclotron Electromagnetic Wave with Energetic Particles in the Existence of Alternating Electric (AC) Field Using Ring Distribution”

Interaction of Ion Cyclotron Electromagnetic Wave with Energetic Particles in the Existence of Alternating Electric Field Using Ring Distribution

Kumari Neeta Shukla,Jyoti Kumari,Rama Shankar Pandey 한국우주과학회 2022 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.39 No.2

The elements that impact the dynamics and collaborations of waves and particles in the magnetosphere of planets have been considered here. Saturn’s internal magnetosphere is determined by substantiated instabilities and discovered to be an exceptional zone of wave activity. Interchanged instability is found to be one of the responsible events in view of temperature anisotropy and energization processes of magnetospheric species. The generated active ions alongside electrons that constitute the populations of highly magnetized planets like Saturn’s ring electron current are taken into consideration in the current framework. The previous and similar method of characteristics and the perturbed distribution function have been used to derive dispersion relation. In incorporating this investigation, the characteristics of electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave (EMIC) waves are determined by the composition of ions in plasmas through which the waves propagate. The effect of ring distribution illustrates non-monotonous description on growth rate (GR) depending upon plasma parameters picked out. Observations made by Cassini found appropriate for modern study, have been applied to the Kronian magnetosphere. Using Maxwellian ring distribution function of ions and detailed mathematical formulation, an expression for dispersion relation as well as GR and real frequency (RF) are evaluated. Analysis of plasma parameters shows that, proliferating EMIC waves are not developed much when propagation is parallelly aligned with magnetosphere as compared to waves propagating in oblique direction. GR for the oblique case, is influenced by temperature anisotropy as well as by alternating current (AC) frequency, whereas it is much affected only by AC frequency for parallel propagating waves.

Defense Inducer Compounds Up-regulated the Peroxidase, Polyphenol Oxidase, and Total Phenol Activities against Spot Blotch Disease of Wheat

Puja Kumari,Chandrashekhar Azad,Ravi Ranjan Kumar,Jyoti Kumari,Kumar Aditya,Amarendra Kumar 한국식물병리학회 2023 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.39 No.2

Spot blotch disease of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem is considered as an economically important disease which affects all the growing stages of wheat crop. Therefore, it is important to search some effective management strategies against the spot blotch pathogen. Some synthetic elicitor compounds (salicylic acid, isonicotinic acid, and chitosan) and nano-particles (silver and aluminum) were tested against the pathogen to observe the change in biochemical activity and defense action of wheat plant against spot blotch disease. All the tested elicitor compounds and nano-particles showed a significant increase in activity of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and total phenol over control. The highest increase in activity of peroxidase was recorded at 72 h from chitosan at 2 mM and 96 h from silver nano-particle at 100 ppm. Maximum PPO and total phenol activity were recorded from chitosan at 2 mM and silver nano-particle at 100 ppm as compared to pathogen-treated and healthy control. The lowest percent disease index, lowest no. of spots/leaf, and no. of infected leaves/plant were found in silver nano-particle at 100 ppm and chitosan at 2 mM, respectively. The use of defense inducer compounds results in significantly up-regulated enzymatic activity and reduced spot blotch disease. Therefore, chitosan and silver nanoparticle could be used as alternative methods for the management of spot blotch disease.

Effect of hydrazine on structural, morphological and magnetic properties of SmCo-Co nanocomposites

Kumari Kavita,Kumar Akshay,Park Su-Jeong,Sharma Mohit K.,Yadav Naveen,Kumar Manish,Kumar Shalendra,Huh Seok-Hwan,Kim Jong-Woo,Koo Bon-Heun 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.53 No.-

In the present work, one-dimensional (1-D) SmCo-Co magnetic nanocomposites are prepared in a single-pot chemical synthesis in the presence of external magnetic field with varying amounts of hydrazine hydrate with samples named as: SC-2 mL, SC-4 mL, SC-6 mL and SC-8 mL. The Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns revealed the formation of Sm2Co17 (P63/mmc), Sm(OH)3 (P63/m) and hcp-Co (P63/mmc) phases. The 1-D nanocomposites are found to possess the highest aspect ratio (~6.3), lowest crystallite size (~49 nm) and highest developed strain (~4.76 x 10-3) corresponding to SC-4 mL. The magnetic response of the samples is found to be affected by the hydrazine amount showing highest saturation magnetization (~156 emu/g) and effective magnetic anisotropy (~1.2 x 106 erg/cm3) for SC-4 mL with highest exchange coupling observed using Bloch law fitting. The results indicate suppressing behaviour of hydrazine amount to be utilized up to a certain limit.

An Electromyographical Approach to Evaluate the Effect of Load on Agricultural Worker during Push–Pull Operation

Kumari Sweeti,Tewari V. K.,Kumar Sanjeev,Sahni Ramesh K. 한국농업기계학회 2023 바이오시스템공학 Vol.48 No.4

Purpose An electromyography (EMG) study was conducted during push and pull operations to evaluate the muscle fatigue of agricultural farm workers. Methods Twelve medically fit agricultural workers were selected for evaluation of muscular activity during push–pull operations, with the help of a laboratory setup, which was developed based on the ergonomic criteria of the uniform force application. The most used muscle during push and pull operation (middle deltoid MD, triceps brachii TR, brachioradialis BR, and biceps brachii BI) was selected for an EMG study. The uniform force or load (50, 100, 150, and 200 N) was applied during the experiment. Results The most activated or used muscles during the pushing and pulling operation were TR and BR, respectively. The activity of the middle deltoid and triceps brachii muscles was more during the pushing than the pulling task. Conclusion Root mean square (RMS) values for EMG activity were found to increase with increasing load in all the selected muscles, indicating that muscular loads were affected by the external load. A load of 200 N was found difficult to operate compared to other selected loads for push–pull operation for all the subjects. The TR muscle gets more fatigued during pushing because it is responsible for elbow extension, which is a primary movement in pushing. The BR muscle gets more fatigued because it is more activated during pull force application.

Tillage Operation with a Tractor Drawn Rotavator Using an Embedded Advisory System for Minimizing Fuel Consumption

Kumari Anshu,Raheman Hifjur 한국농업기계학회 2023 바이오시스템공학 Vol.48 No.4

Purpose Improper selection of gear and throttle position during tillage operation affects soil pulverization and increases fuel consumption. The objective of this study was to carry out soil tillage with a tractor drawn rotavator by selecting optimum gear and throttle position by giving warning to the operator when wheel slip, velocity ratio (u/v), and load on the engine are not in the optimum range and advising the operator to control the tillage operation as well as load on the engine. Methods An embedded advisory system comprising sensors, microcontroller, and display units was developed. During tillage operation, data were obtained on wheel slip, u/v, throttle position, and engine speed through the developed sensing units, and they were compared with the optimum range of wheel slip, u/v, and engine speed using the embedded advisory system. Then the operator was warned and advised to adjust gear and throttle position so that the engine speed could be always maintained within governor control range as well as both wheel slip and u/v within the optimum range. The developed embedded advisory system was validated by comparing fuel consumption per hectare (FEI) incurred while carrying out tillage at depths 80 and 120 mm with different combinations of operating parameters (throttle and gear selection) and with operating parameters as advised by the advisory system. Results Results showed that wheel slip, u/v, and drop in engine speed were influenced by gear and throttle settings and depth of operation. It was also observed that there was a significant increase in fuel consumption with increase in depth of operation, throttle opening, and shifting of gear from L1 to L3. There was 12 to 85% increase in fuel consumption when carrying out tillage at different combinations of throttle setting and gears other than the advised operating parameters. Conclusions The FEI was found minimum for a selective combination of operating parameters at both depths of operation. The developed system could identify the combination of operating parameters at both the depths of operation at which wheel slip, u/v, and engine load were within the optimum range resulting in minimum FEI.

Role of sweep direction and substrate work function on resistive switching of titanium-di-oxide [TiO2] nanoparticles

Kumari R Anju,Ponnam Anjaneyulu 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.25 No.-

The resistive switching mechanism in titanium-dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NP) is studied using the currentvoltage (I–V) measurements. The TiO2 NP are spin-coated on different substrates like FTO, ITO, Gold, and p- Silicon. The I–V measurements are carried out by changing the initial potential of the substrates to either 0 V (sweep1) or 1 V (sweep2). Resistive switching (RS) was observed only for FTO/TiO2 NP and ITO/TiO2NP devices in sweep1 direction. Whereas, in sweep2 direction, no such RS was observed in any of the devices. The detailed I–V analysis infers the Ohmic conduction followed by space charge limited conduction (SCLC) during the RS forming process for FTO/TiO2 NP and ITO/TiO2NP devices. The Au and p-Si substrates act as blocking contact for TiO2 and exhibit Schottky/thermionic emission at lower voltages and SCLC at higher voltages. The TiO2 NP coated on p-Si substrate exhibits rectifying behaviour with a current ratio of 3 orders of magnitude.

Investigating the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the exchange bias through interface effects of nanocrystalline FeCo

Kumari Kavita,아크샤이 쿠마르,Shin MinJi,Kumar Shalendra,허석환,Koo Bon Heun 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.79 No.12

The magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the exchange bias in nanocrystalline FeCo with and without a post-synthesis hightemperature thermal treatment have been investigated. The synthesized products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and dc magnetization. The XRD spectra revealed the presence of secondary phases which reduced after thermal treatment resulting in the formation of single-phase polycrystalline FeCo. The FE-SEM micrographs confirmed the formation of impurities, which disappeared after thermal treatment, along with the substantial grain growth. The uniform distribution of the elements was confirmed through EDS spectra. The temperature and the magnetic field-dependent magnetization measurements under various conditions showed that, as a consequence of thermal treatment, the saturation magnetization and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy has been enhanced along with the generation of exchange bias. The phenomena of grain growth, formation of grain boundary and the exchange interactions have been described with the help of the proposed mechanism. In brief, the post-synthesis high-temperature thermal treatment induced structural as well as microstructural variations leading to the formation of grain boundaries. These grain boundaries provided interface regions for the occurrence of exchange interactions, which enhanced the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and induced exchange bias in nanocrystalline FeCo.