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Krause J.W 대한타이어공업협회 1980 타이어 고무 Vol.88 No.-
압출 트레드의 품질을 향상시키기 위하여 가장 적합한 조사방법을 개발하는 동안 특이한 문제를 해결하였다. 여기에 어떻게 이 문제들을 해결하였는가를 설명하고자 한다.
Daniela Krause,Verena B. Kirnich,Theresa M. Stapf,Anika Hennings,Sabine Riemer,Michael Riedel,Ralf Schmidmaier,Francisco Pedrosa Gil,Winfried Rief,Markus J. Schwarz 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.1
Objective: Previous studies have suggested alterations in the kynurenine pathway as a major link between cytokine and neurotransmitter abnormalities in psychiatric disorders. Most of these studies used a cross-sectional case-control study design. However, knowledge is still lacking regarding the stability over time of kynurenine pathway metabolites and the functionally related cytokines. Therefore, we studied the stability of cytokines and tryptophan (TRP) parameters over a period of 12 weeks. Methods: A total of 117 participants-39 with major depression, 27 with somatoform disorder, and 51 healthy controlswere enrolled. Four evaluations, including blood withdrawal and psychometric testing, were performed over a period of 12 weeks. We used ELISA to measure interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF ). High-performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze neurotransmitter variables, i.e. TRP, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), kynurenine (KYN), 3-OH-kynurenine (3-HK), and kynurenic acid (KYNA). Results: We found no significant fluctuations of TRP, its metabolites (5-HIAA, KYN, KYNA, and 3-HK), or the cytokines (IL-1RA, IL-6, and TNF ) in any of the groups over the 12 weeks. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal study performed in psychiatric patients to verify the stability and consequently the reliability of the biological parameters we investigated. Our data indicate that TRP metabolites and cytokines are reliable biological parameters in psychiatric research because they do not fluctuate significantly over time.
Understanding the Pathogenesis of Zika Virus Infection Using Animal Models
Keeton K. Krause,Francine Azouz,신옥,Mukesh Kumar 대한면역학회 2017 Immune Network Vol.17 No.5
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of Flaviviridae family that has emerged as a pathogen of significant public health importance. The rapid expansion of ZIKV in the South and Central America has recently gained medical attention emphasizing the capacity of ZIKV to spread to non-endemic regions. ZIKV infection during pregnancy has been demonstrated to cause microcephaly and other fetal developmental abnormalities. An increased incidence of Guillain-Barre syndrome, an immune mediated neuropathy of the peripheral nervous system, has also been reported in ZIKV-infected patients in French Polynesia and Brazil. No effective therapies currently exist for treating patients infected with ZIKV. Despite the relatively short time interval, an intensive effort by the global scientific community has resulted in development of animal models to study multiple aspects of ZIKV biology. Several animal models have been established to investigate pathogenesis of ZIKV in adults, pregnant mothers, and developing fetuses. Here we review the remarkable progress of newly developed small and large animal models for understanding ZIKV pathogenesis.
Hong, H. B.,Krause, H.-J.,Nam, I. H.,Choi, C. J.,Shin, S. W. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Analytical methods Vol.6 No.19
<P>A novel analytical system is presented that employs two different types of magnetic particles (MPs) with frequency mixing magnetic detection (FMMD). A model experiment with MPs and FMMD demonstrates that this method significantly reduces the steps involved in common immunobiological assays and enables repetition of the measurement without signal decay.</P>
Ebbinghaus, Stefan G.,Krause, Holger,Lee, Doh-Kwon,Janek, Jü,rgen American Chemical Society 2014 Crystal Growth & Design Vol.14 No.5
<P>Single crystals of Ca<SUB>12</SUB>Al<SUB>14</SUB>O<SUB>33</SUB> (C12A7, mayenite) substituted with 1 mol % Fe were grown by the floating zone technique in an atmosphere of 2% O<SUB>2</SUB>/98% N<SUB>2</SUB>. The iron substitution leads to an increase of the unit cell parameter by roughly 0.002 Å. Optical spectroscopy reveals an additional broad absorption band at 310 nm for the iron-substituted sample reflecting the yellow color of the crystals. XANES measurements at the Fe–K absorption edge prove the incorporation of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> on the aluminum sites. Measurements of the magnetic susceptibility resulted in a value of 5.8 μ<SUB>B</SUB> per iron ion as expected for high-spin Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>. C12A7 is known to be a very good oxygen ion conductor at high temperatures. In pure oxygen, the iron substitution leads to a slightly reduced conductivity between approximately 500 and 800 °C, while at higher temperatures, the conductivity is very similar to the pristine material. Under reducing conditions, the slope of log(σ) vs log(<I>p</I>(O<SUB>2</SUB>)) of the iron-substituted sample was found to be steeper than that for pure C12A7.</P><P>Yellow-colored single crystals of iron-substituted Ca<SUB>12</SUB>Al<SUB>14</SUB>O<SUB>33</SUB> were grown by the floating zone technique. Fe−K XANES, optical spectroscopy, and magnetic measurements prove the incorporation of 1 mol % Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> on the aluminum sites. Compared with pristine C12A7, a slightly enhanced activation energy for the oxide ion conductivity was found. At high temperatures and under reducing atmosphere, the conductivity of C12A7:Fe strongly increases.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cgdefu/2014/cgdefu.2014.14.issue-5/cg401823k/production/images/medium/cg-2013-01823k_0007.gif'></P>
Lee, Jong Seok,Krause, Roland,Schreiber, Jö,rg,Mollenkopf, Hans-Joachim,Kowall, Jane,Stein, Robert,Jeon, Bo-Young,Kwak, Jeong-Yeon,Song, Min-Kyong,Patron, Juan Pablo,Jorg, Sabine,Roh, Kyoungmin,Ch Elsevier 2008 Cell host & microbe Vol.3 No.2
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Attenuated strains of mycobacteria can be exploited to determine genes essential for their pathogenesis and persistence. To this goal, we sequenced the genome of H37Ra, an attenuated variant of <I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> H37Rv strain. Comparison with H37Rv revealed three unique coding region polymorphisms. One polymorphism was located in the DNA-binding domain of the transcriptional regulator PhoP, causing the protein's diminished DNA-binding capacity. Temporal gene expression profiles showed that several genes with reduced expression in H37Ra were also repressed in an H37Rv phoP knockout strain. At later time points, genes of the dormancy regulon, typically expressed in a state of nonreplicating persistence, were upregulated in H37Ra. Complementation of H37Ra with H37Rv <I>phoP</I> partially restored its persistence in a murine macrophage infection model. Our approach demonstrates the feasibility of identifying minute but distinct differences between isogenic strains and illustrates the consequences of single point mutations on the survival stratagem of <I>M. tuberculosis.</I></P>
Normal Values of High-resolution Manometry Parameters With Provocative Maneuvers
( Hui Su ),( Amanda J Krause ),( Melina Masihi ),( Jacqueline Prescott ),( Alex Decorrevont ),( Emma Germond ),( Dave Karasik ),( Wenjun Kou ),( John E Pandolfino ),( Dustin A Carlson ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.3
Background/Aims Incorporation of complementary and provocative test swallows to the high-resolution manometry (HRM) protocol offers potential to address limitations posed by HRM protocols that involve only a single swallow type. The aim of this study is to describe normal findings of a comprehensive HRM testing protocol performed on healthy asymptomatic volunteers. Methods Thirty healthy asymptomatic volunteers completed HRM with 5-mL liquid swallows in the supine position. They also completed 5-mL liquid swallows in the upright position, viscous swallows, solid test swallows, multiple rapid swallows, and a rapid drink challenge. HRM studies were analyzed via Chicago classification version 3.0. Results The median (5th-95th percentiles) for integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) on supine swallows was 11 (4-16) mmHg; IRP was lower than supine on upright liquid 9 (0-17) mmHg, viscous 6 (0-15) mmHg, solid 9 (1-19) mmHg, multiple rapid swallows 3 (0-12) mmHg, and rapid drink challenge 5 (-3-12) mmHg; P < 0.005. While an “elevated” IRP value was observed on 1 to 2 test maneuvers in 8/30 (27%) subjects, all 30 subjects had an IRP value < 12 mmHg on at least one of the test maneuvers. Conclusions Normal values and findings from a comprehensive HRM testing protocol are reported based on evaluation of 30 healthy asymptomatic volunteers. Isolated “abnormalities” of IRP and contractile parameters were observed in the majority (80%) of these asymptomatic subjects, while all subjects also had normal features observed. Thus, the definition of “normal” should be recalibrated to focus on the entirety of the study and not individual metrics. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:354-362)