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Comparative floristic diversity of Southwest Primorye and neighboring areas of the Russian Far East
Kozhevnikov, Andrey Evhenijevicz,Kozhevnikova, Zoya Vitalijevna,Lee, Byoung Yoon,Kwak, Myounghai The National Institute of Biological Resources 2017 Journal of species research Vol.6 No.1
Southwest Primorye is located in the southern most part of the Russian Far East. The flora of this area is one of the most thoroughly studied and contains 1,530 species of vascular plants, belonging to 622 genera and 154 families, representing 55.6% of the flora of the Primorsky Territory. The flora native to Southwest Primorye encompasses 1,356 species from 547 genera and 148 families. Adventitious plants are represented by 174 species from 127 genera and 37 families. Among other areas of the Russian Far East, only Southwest Primorye has flora in common with the Korean Peninsula, which contains plant species in the subtropical and tropical latitudes: Mitrasacme indica Wight, Halosciastrum melanotilingia [Boissieu] M. Pimen. et V. Tichomirov, Streptolirion volubile Edgew., Lipocarpha microcephala [R. Br.] Kunth, Pueraria lobata [Willd.] Ohwi, Belamcanda chinensis [L.] DC., Zoysia japonica Steud., Deinostema violacea [Maxim.] Yamazaki and Parthenocissus tricuspidata [Siebold et Zucc.] Planch. Most of the flora is represented by the species restricted to Southwest Primorye (seven endemic species) or the Korean Peninsula (seven hemiendemic species). A total of 50.2% of the 10 largest families are nemoral (preboreal) floras, located in the transitional zone of the boreal and nemoral floras. In terms of the structure of the ranked taxonomic spectrum of the largest families, the flora of Southwest Primorye is more similar to that of Northeast China with influence of the Korean flora.
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Comparative floristic diversity of Southwest Primorye and neighboring areas of the Russian Far East
Andrey Evhenijevicz Kozhevnikov,Zoya Vitalijevna Kozhevnikova,이병윤,곽명해 국립생물자원관 2017 Journal of species research Vol.6 No.1
Southwest Primorye is located in the southern most part of the Russian Far East. The flora of this area is one of the most thoroughly studied and contains 1,530 species of vascular plants, belonging to 622 genera and 154 families, representing 55.6% of the flora of the Primorsky Territory. The flora native to Southwest Primorye encompasses 1,356 species from 547 genera and 148 families. Adventitious plants are represented by 174 species from 127 genera and 37 families. Among other areas of the Russian Far East, only Southwest Primorye has flora in common with the Korean Peninsula, which contains plant species in the subtropical and tropical latitudes: Mitrasacme indica Wight, Halosciastrum melanotilingia [Boissieu] M. Pimen. et V. Tichomirov, Streptolirion volubile Edgew., Lipocarpha microcephala [R. Br.] Kunth, Pueraria lobata [Willd.] Ohwi, Belamcanda chinensis [L.] DC., Zoysia japonica Steud., Deinostema violacea [Maxim.] Yamazaki and Parthenocissus tricuspidata [Siebold et Zucc.] Planch. Most of the flora is represented by the species restricted to Southwest Primorye (seven endemic species) or the Korean Peninsula (seven hemiendemic species). A total of 50.2% of the 10 largest families are nemoral (preboreal) floras, located in the transitional zone of the boreal and nemoral floras. In terms of the structure of the ranked taxonomic spectrum of the largest families, the flora of Southwest Primorye is more similar to that of Northeast China with influence of the Korean flora.
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( Irina Kozliakova ),( Aleksandr Anikeev ),( Olga Eremina ),( Irina Kozhevnikova ),( Nadezhda Anisimova ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2
The map of zoning territory according to its karst and suffosion hazard was built to a scale 1 : 5000 for a new metro route (7.3 km long) projected in the northeast of Moscow. The map was compiled using the geological maps of Carboniferous and preQuaternary deposits and the map of Quaternary loam distribution. The zones of two karst-suffusion hazard categories were distinguished, i.e., nonhazardous and potentially hazardous. The zoning criterion is based on the thickness of clay divide between the Quaternary-Cretaceous groundwater and the confined aquifer in Carboniferous limestone. The potentially hazardous category implies that the clay divide is either absent or its thickness is less than 10 m. It is further subdivided by the structural differences controlling the mechanism of karst-suffosion development in the soil-rock massif. Four types of geological structure have been distinguished: (1) Quaternary sand overlies Carboniferous limestone; (2) Quaternary sand including one or two layers of moraine loam overlies Carboniferous limestone; (3) Jurassic and/or Carboniferous clay overlies Carboniferous limestone, with the above-lying Quaternary sandy massif. (4) Jurassic and/or Carboniferous clay overlies the Carboniferous limestone; the above-lying Quaternary sandy massif contains one or two layers of moraine loam. For calculation of collapse sizes, we also take into account a number of other geological and hydrogeological parameters, e.g., thickness of layers, aquifer level position and hydraulic heads, etc. Therefore, the number of calculation sites exceeds the number of geological structural types. This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 16-17-00125-P.
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Formate-driven growth coupled with H<sub>2</sub> production
Kim, Yun Jae,Lee, Hyun Sook,Kim, Eun Sook,Bae, Seung Seob,Lim, Jae Kyu,Matsumi, Rie,Lebedinsky, Alexander V.,Sokolova, Tatyana G.,Kozhevnikova, Darya A.,Cha, Sun-Shin,Kim, Sang-Jin,Kwon, Kae Kyoung,Im Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2010 Nature Vol.467 No.7313
Although a common reaction in anaerobic environments, the conversion of formate and water to bicarbonate and H<SUB>2</SUB> (with a change in Gibbs free energy of ?G째 = +1.3??kJ??mol<SUP>??1</SUP>) has not been considered energetic enough to support growth of microorganisms. Recently, experimental evidence for growth on formate was reported for syntrophic communities of Moorella sp. strain AMP and a hydrogen-consuming Methanothermobacter species and of Desulfovibrio sp. strain G11 and Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus strain AZ. The basis of the sustainable growth of the formate-users is explained by H<SUB>2</SUB> consumption by the methanogens, which lowers the H<SUB>2</SUB> partial pressure, thus making the pathway exergonic. However, it has not been shown that a single strain can grow on formate by catalysing its conversion to bicarbonate and H<SUB>2</SUB>. Here we report that several hyperthermophilic archaea belonging to the Thermococcus genus are capable of formate-oxidizing, H<SUB>2</SUB>-producing growth. The actual ?G values for the formate metabolism are calculated to range between ??8 and ??20??kJ??mol<SUP>??1</SUP> under the physiological conditions where Thermococcus onnurineus strain NA1 are grown. Furthermore, we detected ATP synthesis in the presence of formate as a sole energy source. Gene expression profiling and disruption identified the gene cluster encoding formate hydrogen lyase, cation/proton antiporter and formate transporter, which were responsible for the growth of T. onnurineus NA1 on formate. This work shows formate-driven growth by a single microorganism with protons as the electron acceptor, and reports the biochemical basis of this ability.
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