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STATUS OF FACILITIES AND EXPERIENCE FOR IRRADIATION OF LWR AND V/HTR FUEL IN THE HFR PETTEN
Bakker Klaas,Klaassen Frodo,Schram Ronald,Futterer Michael Korean Nuclear Society 2006 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.38 No.5
The present paper describes the 45 MW High Flux Reactor (HFR) which is located in Petten, The Netherlands. This paper focuses on selected technical aspects of this reactor and on nuclear fuel irradiation experiments. These fuel experiments are mainly experiments on Light Water Reactor (LWR) and Very/High Temperature Reactor (V/HTR) fuels, but also on Fast Reactor (FR) fuels, transmutation fuels and Material Test Reactor (MTR) fuels.
Identification and nomenclature of the genus <i>Penicillium</i>
Visagie, C.M.,Houbraken, J.,Frisvad, J.C.,Hong, S.-B.,Klaassen, C.H.W.,Perrone, G.,Seifert, K.A.,Varga, J.,Yaguchi, T.,Samson, R.A. CBS PUBLICATIONS 2014 STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY Vol.78 No.-
<P><I>Penicillium</I> is a diverse genus occurring worldwide and its species play important roles as decomposers of organic materials and cause destructive rots in the food industry where they produce a wide range of mycotoxins. Other species are considered enzyme factories or are common indoor air allergens. Although DNA sequences are essential for robust identification of <I>Penicillium</I> species, there is currently no comprehensive, verified reference database for the genus. To coincide with the move to one fungus one name in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants, the generic concept of <I>Penicillium</I> was re-defined to accommodate species from other genera, such as <I>Chromocleista</I>, <I>Eladia</I>, <I>Eupenicillium</I>, <I>Torulomyces</I> and <I>Thysanophora</I>, which together comprise a large monophyletic clade. As a result of this, and the many new species described in recent years, it was necessary to update the list of accepted species in <I>Penicillium</I>. The genus currently contains 354 accepted species, including new combinations for <I>Aspergillus crystallinus</I>, <I>A. malodoratus</I> and <I>A. paradoxus</I>, which belong to <I>Penicillium</I> section <I>Paradoxa</I>. To add to the taxonomic value of the list, we also provide information on each accepted species MycoBank number, living ex-type strains and provide GenBank accession numbers to ITS, β-tubulin, calmodulin and <I>RPB2</I> sequences, thereby supplying a verified set of sequences for each species of the genus. In addition to the nomenclatural list, we recommend a standard working method for species descriptions and identifications to be adopted by laboratories working on this genus.</P>
Phylogeny, identification and nomenclature of the genus Aspergillus
Samson, R.A.,Visagie, C.M.,Houbraken, J.,Hong, S.B.,Hubka, V.,Klaassen, C.H.W.,Perrone, G.,Seifert, K.A.,Susca, A.,Tanney, J.B.,Varga, J.,Kocsube, S.,Szigeti, G.,Yaguchi, T.,Frisvad, J.C. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 2014 Studies in mycology Vol.78 No.-
Aspergillus comprises a diverse group of species based on morphological, physiological and phylogenetic characters, which significantly impact biotechnology, food production, indoor environments and human health. Aspergillus was traditionally associated with nine teleomorph genera, but phylogenetic data suggest that together with genera such as Polypaecilum, Phialosimplex, Dichotomomyces and Cristaspora, Aspergillus forms a monophyletic clade closely related to Penicillium. Changes in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants resulted in the move to one name per species, meaning that a decision had to be made whether to keep Aspergillus as one big genus or to split it into several smaller genera. The International Commission of Penicillium and Aspergillus decided to keep Aspergillus instead of using smaller genera. In this paper, we present the arguments for this decision. We introduce new combinations for accepted species presently lacking an Aspergillus name and provide an updated accepted species list for the genus, now containing 339 species. To add to the scientific value of the list, we include information about living ex-type culture collection numbers and GenBank accession numbers for available representative ITS, calmodulin, β-tubulin and RPB2 sequences. In addition, we recommend a standard working technique for Aspergillus and propose calmodulin as a secondary identification marker.