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Asymptomatic carriage of Clostridioides difficile in pet shop puppies
Yuya Kimura(Yuya Kimura ),Satoshi Kameshima(Satoshi Kameshima ),Naoyuki Itoh(Naoyuki Itoh ) 한국예방수의학회 2023 예방수의학회지 Vol.47 No.2
Crowded pet shops can become infected with various pathogens. Although dog carriers of Clostridioides difficile tend to be asymptomatic, the toxigenic strains sometimes cause gastrointestinal symptoms in humans. The present study was conducted to determine the infection rate of C. difficile in pet shops. The feces of 137 dogs younger than one year of age, collected from four pet shops, were assessed by culture and PCR. Carriage rates of C. difficile in dogs aged ≤90, 91-180, and ≥181 day-old were 12.2% (10/82, 95% confidence interval: 6.0-21.3%), 0.0% (0/42, 95% confidence interval: 0.0-8.4%), and 7.7% (1/13, 95% confidence interval: 0.2-36.0%), respectively. Five C. difficile isolates carried genes encoding toxins A and B, while the remaining isolates contained only toxin B. However, none of the C. difficile carriers had diarrhea. These results highlight the necessity of promoting adequate hygiene precautions in pet shops to prevent infection by C. difficile.
Kimura, Fumiko,Horii, Shigeru,Arimoto, Itsuki,Doi, Toshiya,Yoshimura, Masato,Wada, Masahisa,Kimura, Tsunehisa American Chemical Society 2018 The Journal of physical chemistry A Vol.122 No.46
<P>Microcrystals of ErBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>4</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> suspended in a liquid medium were triaxially aligned by a frequency-modulated magnetic field and allowed a free rotational relaxation after the magnetic field was turned off. In situ X-ray diffraction measurements of the suspension were performed during relaxation, and the temporal change of the orientation fluctuation was monitored via broadening of the diffraction spots. The rotational diffusion constants were determined using the plot of the orientation fluctuation versus the elapsed time of rotational relaxation. The diffusion constants thus determined were in close agreement with those evaluated by the Stokes law but showed slight anisotropy, indicating that the microcrystals studied had shape anisotropy. The present method can provide a useful means for experimentally determining rotational diffusion constants of microcrystals suspended in viscous media. This paper shows that, due to the combination of the initial triaxial alignment and the subsequent monitoring of the relaxation process by means of X-ray diffraction, the diffusion constants along arbitrary crystallographic axes are determined separately.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
The Idea of Heaven(Tian) in Ito Jinsai’s Thought
( Kimura Junji ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2007 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.7 No.-
這篇論文旨在考察伊藤仁齋的天概念。伊藤仁齋( 公元1627-1705年)是日本最有名的儒學者, 他批判朱子學, 主張歸於孔孟子之教。他所批判朱子學的要點在於它依據嚴格的理來解釋世界和人。根據仁齋的理解, 人是不斷變化的活物, 所以難免錯誤。仁齋主張, 沒有錯誤不如改善自己的錯誤, 進而他認為允許人犯錯誤是很重要的。 仁齋說天地與人一樣是活物。天也是活物, 所以不可避免錯誤。異常氣象就是其表現。雖然如此, 天不肯隱藏自己的錯誤, 所以它是很高貴的存在。朱子學通過嚴格的理來解釋天地, 這與殺天道同樣。天不肯隱藏錯誤, 可是不能改善自己的錯誤。改善錯誤屬於人們的行為。孔子曾經說過要為改善錯誤而努力。仁齋說, 如果沒有孔子, 天地不能作為天地。 從全體來看, 天道指向於善的實現。因此, 在地上活著的人們應該努力實現善。但是天也可能會犯錯誤, 所以善人也往往遭遇不幸。仁齋說:這個時候, 我們不應該怨恨天, 而應該認為自己的不幸就是天為活物的證據, 進而要把它接受為天命, 繼續努力去實現善。 This paper studies the idea of Heaven in Ito Jinsai’s thought. Ito Jinsai(1627~1705) is one of the most famous Confucian in Japan. He rejected Neo-Confucianism and advocated the original teachings of Confucius and Mencius. The main point that he criticized Neo-Confucianism is to understand the world and a human being by the rational and strict principle. According to his thought a human being cannot avoid a mistake, because it lives and continues changing. He insists that it is more important to change one's mistake and to forgive a mistake of another person than not to make a mistake. Jinsai says that both the heaven and the earth live same as a human being. It is not avoided a mistake as far as the heaven lives. And the outcome is abnormal weather. Heaven is noble nevertheless, because it does not hide its mistake. It ruins the Heavenly Way to interpret the world by the rational and strict principle like Neo-Confucianism. But Heaven cannot change mistakes by itself. It is an action of a human being that change a mistake. And it was Confucius that preached teaching to change mistakes. Jinsai says that the world cannot be the world if there was not Confucius. Generally speaking, the Heavenly Way aims at realization of good. Therefore a human being living on the earth must make efforts for good. However, because Heaven can make a mistake, there can be a misfortune on a good person. Jinsai preaches that it is necessary to consider his misfortune as an evidence of Heaven’s life, to accept it as Destiny and to continue making efforts for good not bearing a grudge against Heaven. [Article in Chinese]
Recent Development of Various Inorganic Membranes in Japan
Kimura, Shoji The Membrane Society of Korea 1997 멤브레인 Vol.7 No.1
Two membrane-rdated research projects are now being developed in Japan and their main target is to develop new inorganic membranes. The first project is the R & D of membranes for carbon dioxide recovery at high temperature, conducted by the Japan Fine Ceramics Center (JFCC) and Japan Fine Ceramics Association (JFCA) under the supervision by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). The second one is the R & D of membranes for petroleum refinery and chemical processes, conducted by the Japan High Polymer Center (JHPC) under the supervision by the Petroleum Energy Center (PEC). Cooperating with these projects researchers in many universities and research institutes have been publishing many interesting data of inorganic membranes manufactured by various methods. Many such results are summarized and reported.
Retrieval of Aerosol Optical Parameters from Satellite Image Data Over the Seas
Kimura, Yasuyuki,Izumiya, Toshiaki,Kawata, Yoshiyuki 대한원격탐사학회 2001 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.17 No.1
It is possible to retrieve aerosol's three optical parameters, namely, its optical thickness ie(500) at the wavelength of 500nm, Angstrom exponent a, and real part of refractive index Nr, from satellite data by analyzing the observed reflectance and polarization information. In this retrieval we applied the directional R-P(Reflectance-Polarization) algorithm to ADEOS/POLDER's 865nm band data. This retrieval algorithm was proposed previously in our paper[1] at EMSEA in 1999 and we extend our previous studies in this study. The retrieved results were compared with the sky observation data at our validation site from April 16 to July 24, 1997. We found that the correlation coefficient between the retrieved and measured values was very good (R²=0.88) in the aerosol optical thickness, whereas it is good (R²=0.65) in Angstrom exponent. In addition, we found an excellent agreement(R²=0.936) between the retrieved and measured NASA/AERONET data at Male site in Indian Ocean in the optical thickness. Finally, we presented the distribution maps of aerosol parameters over the oceans in Asia during April 16-20, 1997.