Imazethapyr 유도체의 제초활성에 미치는 3-(N-methyl-N-(X)-치환-phenylaminooxoacetyl) group의 영향

성낙도,김현재,장해성,김대황 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1993 생물공학연구지 Vol.3 No.-

새로운 25종의 Imazethapyr 유도체, (2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-2-imidazolin-2-yl)-3-(N-methyl-N-(X)치환 -phenylaminooxoacetyl)-5-methylpyridine)들을 합성하여 치환기(X) 변화에 따른 발아 전 후, 피(Echinochla crus-galli.)의 제초활성에 미치는 3-(N-methyl-N-(X)치환 -phenylaminoozoacetyl) group의 영향을 검토한 바, 발아 전보다 발아 후의 제초활성에 더 큰 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 발아 후의 제초활성은 X-치환기의 전자밀게 효과와 입체상수(E_s)에 의존적이었으며 가장 큰 제초활성을 나타내는 화합물로는 bulky(E_s<O)하고 전자밀게 (б<O)가 치환된 화합물, 15(4-t-butyl group)와 20(3,5-dimethyl group)이었다. 그리고 높은 제초활성을 나타낼 것으로 예상되는 화합물의 조건들이 검토되었다. (1993년 9월 18일 접수, 1993년 9월 22일 수리). New twenty five Imazethapyr derivatives, [2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-2-imidazolin-2-yl)-3-(N-methyl-N-X(sub.)-phenylaminooxoacetyl)-5-methylpyridine] were synthesized. and The quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) between their post-emergence herbicidal activity(pI_50) values in vivo against Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) and physicochemical parameters of substituents(X) of 3-(N-methyl-N-X(sub.)-phenylaminoo-xoacetyl) group have been studied. From the basis on the findings, in case of post-emergence, the activities were dependent on the steric constant(E_s<θ)and electron donating (o<O) effect by subsitituents(X) of 3-(N-methyl-N-X(sub.)phenylaminooxacetyl) group. Therefore, The most effective compound, 15 (4-t-butyl group) and 20 (3,5-dimethyl group) were examined in this study. And the conditions on the compounds predicted to show higher herbicidal activity were also discussed.

Diabetes augments cognitive dysfunction in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion by increasing neuronal cell death: Implication of cilostazol for diabetes mellitus-induced dementia

Kwon, K.J.,Lee, E.J.,Kim, M.K.,Kim, S.Y.,Kim, J.N.,Kim, J.O.,Kim, H.J.,Kim, H.Y.,Han, J.S.,Shin, C.Y.,Han, S.H. Blackwell Science ; Academic Press 2015 Neurobiology of disease Vol.73 No.-

Many patients with diabetes are at increased risk of cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Diabetes mellitus is a vascular risk factor that may increase the risk of dementia through its associations with vascular dementia. We tested whether cognitive impairment could be exacerbated in combined injury using a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion with diabetes. We also determined whether a potent inhibitor of type III phosphodiesterase could prevent the cognitive decline caused by this combined injury. We used Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats as a model of type II diabetes (T2DM) and Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats as a control. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was modeled by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). At 24weeks, the non-diabetic and T2DM rats were randomly assigned into groups for the following experiments: analysis I (1) sham non-diabetic rats (n=8); (2) hypoperfused non-diabetic rats (n=9); (3) sham T2DM rats (n=8); (4) hypoperfused T2DM rats (n=9); analysis II- (1) sham T2DM rats without treatment (n=8); (2) cilostazol-treated T2DM rats (n=8); (3) hypoperfused T2DM rats (n=9); and (4) hypoperfused T2DM rats and cilostazol treatment (n=9). The rats were orally administered cilostazol (50mg/kg) or vehicle once a day for 2weeks after 24weeks. Rats performed Morris water maze tasks, and neuronal cell death and neuroinflammation were investigated via Western blots and histological investigation. Spatial memory impairment was exacerbated synergistically in the hypoperfused T2DM group compared with the hypoperfused non-diabetic group and sham T2DBM group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, neuronal cell death was increased in the hippocampus of the hypoperfused T2DM group. Cilostazol, a PDE-3 inhibitor, improved the memory impairments through inhibition of neuronal cell death, activation of CREB phosphorylation and BDNF expression in the hypoperfused T2DM group. Our experimental results support the hypothesis that there are deleterious interactions between chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and T2DM. That is, metabolic diseases such as diabetes may exacerbate cognitive impairment in a rat model of vascular dementia. We also suggest that surprisingly, the phosphodiesterase III inhibitor, cilostazol may be useful for the treatment of cognitive impairment in diabetes mellitus-induced dementia. In conclusion, diabetes can aggravate cognitive dysfunction in vascular dementia, and PDE-3 inhibitors, such as cilostazol, may form the basis of a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetes-associated cognitive impairment or vascular dementia.

Coincidence measurement of the nonmesonic weak decay of ¹²_<i>Λ</i>C

Kim, M.J.,Ajimura, S.,Aoki, K.,Banu, A.,Bhang, H.,Fukuda, T.,Hashimoto, O.,Hwang, J.I.,Kameoka, S.,Kang, B.H.,Kim, E.H.,Kim, J.H.,Maruta, T.,Miura, Y.,Miyake, Y.,Nagae, T.,Nakamura, M.,Nakamura, S.N. Elsevier 2006 Physics letters: B Vol.641 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We have measured the angular correlation of the pair nucleons <I>np</I> and <I>nn</I> emitted from the nonmesonic weak decay (NMWD) of <SUP>12</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>C produced via the (<SUP>π+</SUP>,<SUP>K+</SUP>) reaction in coincidence measurement. The Λp→np and Λn→nn modes were clearly identified by measuring the back-to-back correlation of the emitted nucleon pairs which is the characteristic of two-body kinematics. From the measured nucleon pair numbers <SUB>Nnn</SUB> and <SUB>Nnp</SUB>, the ratio <SUB>Γn</SUB>/<SUB>Γp</SUB> of the partial decay widths <SUB>Γn</SUB>(Λn→nn) and <SUB>Γp</SUB>(Λp→np) of <SUP>12</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>C was extracted to be 0.51±0.13(stat)±0.05(syst); this result is almost free from the ambiguity due to the nuclear final state interaction and 3-body decay process, which were inherent in the previous results. The obtained <SUB>Γn</SUB>/<SUB>Γp</SUB> ratio of <SUP>12</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>C (<I>p</I>-shell) is close to that of <SUP>5</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>He (<I>s</I>-shell). The results are consistent with those of recent theoretical calculations.</P>

비육돈 생산단계에 따른 도체 및 부분육 생산 특성

김진형,박범영,유영모,조수현,김용곤,이종문,윤희진,김경남 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.6

본 연구는 수출규격돈 생산과 고품질 돈육 생산에 필요한 기초자료를 제시하고자 도체 및 부분육 생산 특성을 조사한 것으로 도체중량에서는 듀록종이 원종, F_1종 및 비육돈에 비하여 적었다(p<0.05). 거래정육중량은 요그셔종과 F_1종이 다른 원종과 비육돈에 비하여 높은 반면 듀록종이 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 도체길이는 랜드레이스와 F_1종이 다른 원종 및 비육돈에 비하여 길게 나타났고(p<0.05), 도체폭은 F_1종이 다른 순종 및 비육돈 보다 넓었다. 도체후도는 F_1종과 비육돈이 원종에 비하여 유의적으로 두꺼운 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 안심과 등심의 생산량은 랜드레이스와 요그셔 및 F_1종이 듀록 및 비육돈에 비하여 높게 나타났고 듀록이 가장 적었다(p<0.05). 목심 생산량은 요크셔와 F_1종이 다른 순종 및 비육돈에 비하여 높게 생산되었고(p<0.05), 듀록과 랜드레이스종이 가장 낮았다. 삼겹살 생산량은 듀록종이 낮았으며, 뒷다리는 요크셔와 F_1종이 다른 순종과 비육돈에 비하여 높게 생산되었고, 앞다리는 요크셔종이 생산량이 많았다(p<0.05). 일본 수출 기준에 따른 등심 합격률은 전체적으로 대단히 낮았고, 안심 합격률은 랜드레이스종이 100%로 가장 높았다. 앞다리와 뒷다리 합격률은 요크셔종이 각각 90.91%, 87.88%로 가장 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 비육돈의 부분육 및 수출급격육 생산이 미흡하므로 이를 만족시킬 수 있는 순종의 도입과 교배체계의 확립이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. The characteristics of carcass and meat yields of fattening pigs by production steps were investigated with Landrace (LL, n=41), Yorkshire (YY, n=33), and Duroc (DD, n=30), F_1 (LY, n=25), the Crossbred of LYD (n=48). Duroc had more weight loss in carcasses weight than that of the other breed(p<0.05). Yorkshire and F_1 had higher production weight in retail cut than that of the other pure or crossbred. Carcass from Landrace and F_1 were significantly longer in length than the other breed(p<0.05). F_1 produced wider carcass than the other breed. Carcass thickness at aitch bone was higher for F_1 and Crossbred than the other breed(p<0.05). Landrace, Yorkshire and F_1 produced more loin and tenderloin in weight than the other breed(p<0.05). Yorkshire and F_1 produced more picnic shoulder when compared to the other breed. The hind legs produced from Yorkshire and F_1 were higher in weight and the fore legs produced from the Crossbred were higher in weight. Duroc produced the lowest weight of belly among the breeds. The acceptance level of loin were extremely low for all breed. Landrace had the highest acceptance level for tenderloin. Yorkshire had the highest acceptance level for picnic shoulder and ham when evaluated by export standard of Japan. In conclusion, The introduction of pure breed and establishment of mating steps are necessary to produce highly accepted pork with high acceptance in carcass and meat yields.

Syntheses of PCDTBT containing tetrafluorobenzene as electron-withdrawing group with deep HOMO energy level and applications for photovoltaics

Kim, J.,Kim, N.H.,Song, S.,Park, S.Y.,Chae, S.,Bae, E.,Kim, I.,Kim, H.J.,Kim, J.Y.,Suh, H. IPC Science and Technology Press 2016 Polymer Vol.102 No.-

Conjugated polymers using tetrafluorophenylene unit were synthesized and deployed for photovoltaics. The tetrafluorophenylene unit which has the strong electron-withdrawing ability, was utilized for the copolymers of push-pull type with low bandgaps for organic solar cells. 9H-Carbazole as electron-rich unit and di-2-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DTBT) or tetrafluorophenylene unit as electron-deficient unit were utilized for the syntheses of donor-acceptor (D-A) types of conjugated polymers with different ratios of tetrafluorophenylene unit (PCDTBTF-1, PCDTBTF-3 and PCDTBTF-10). By introduction of tetrafluorophenylene unit in the backbone of PCDTBT, the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the bandgap were decreased as compared to those of PCDTBT. The higher amount of tetrafluorophenylene unit, the lower energy levels of the HOMO of the polymers were observed. The device of PCDTBTF-1:PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM (1:1) with additive of diphenyl ether (DPE) showed an open-circuit voltage (V<SUB>OC</SUB>) of 0.82 V, a short circuit current (J<SUB>SC</SUB>) of 9.66 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.44, which yields PCE of 3.44%.

Hepatitis B virus reactivation in B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab: Analysis from the Asia Lymphoma Study Group

Kim, S.J.,Hsu, C.,Song, Y.Q.,Tay, K.,Hong, X.N.,Cao, J.,Kim, J.S.,Eom, H.S.,Lee, J.H.,Zhu, J.,Chang, K.M.,Reksodiputro, A.H.,Tan, D.,Goh, Y.T.,Lee, J.,Intragumtornchai, T.,Chng, W.J.,Cheng, A.L.,Lim, Pergamon Press 2013 European journal of cancer Vol.49 No.16

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is increasing, as rituximab has become widely used for B-cell lymphoma. Thus, prevention and management of HBV reactivation are important in HBV-endemic areas. Methods: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients and HBsAg-negative/HBV core antibody (HBcAb)-positive patients who received rituximab-containing chemotherapy was investigated by the Asia Lymphoma Study Group via retrospective (n=340), and the results were compared to cross-sectional analysis with patients who were prospectively monitored in a single institute (n=127). The goal of the study was to define the frequency of HBV reactivation and the efficacy of antiviral prophylaxis. Results: HBV reactivation was found in 27.8% of HBsAg-positive patients (45/162) in the retrospective analysis, being significantly less frequent in patients receiving antiviral prophylaxis than those not (22.9%, 32/140 versus 59.1%, 13/22; p<0.001). Lamivudine was most commonly used (96/162, 59.3%), but more than 20% of HBsAg-positive patients showed breakthrough HBV reactivation. In the cross-sectional analysis, a reduced rate of HBV reactivation occurred for entecavir as compared with lamivudine prophylaxis (6.3% versus 39.3%; p<0.05). HBV DNA monitoring of HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive patients in the cross-sectional analysis showed HBV reactivation in only 2.4% of cases. Conclusions: This is the largest study of HBV reactivation in patients receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy to date, and we defined the probability of HBV reactivation in an HBV-endemic region.

Effect of annealing of graphene layer on electrical transport and degradation of Au/graphene/n-type silicon Schottky diodes

Kim, D.J.,Kim, G.S.,Park, N.W.,Lee, W.Y.,Sim, Y.,Kim, K.S.,Seong, M.J.,Koh, J.H.,Hong, C.H.,Lee, S.K. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.612 No.-

We have investigated the effect of annealing of graphene sheets on the electrical properties of Au/graphene/n-type silicon Schottky diode. Large scale graphene sheets were grown by chemical vapor deposition and then annealed at 300, 400, and 500<SUP>o</SUP>C; one sheet was left un-annealed as the control. The diodes were fabricated by transferring the graphene sheets directly onto n-type Si substrates and the current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics were evaluated. The average values of the Schottky barrier height (SBH) and ideality factor (η) for the as-fabricated Au/graphene/n-type silicon Schottky diode from I-V measurements were determined to be ~0.8+/-0.01eV and ~1.79+/-0.05, respectively, whereas the SBH from C-V measurements was ~0.89+/-0.01eV. The electrical transport characteristics measured at room temperature indicated that annealing of graphene sheet prior to the transfer of the graphene onto the n-Si substrates significantly reduces the electric degradation of the Schottky diodes, even though no distinct differences in other electric properties, including ideality factors and SBHs, before or after annealing of the graphene sheets were observed. Thus, by simply annealing the graphene sheets at 500<SUP>o</SUP>C, we found that the Au/graphene/n-type silicon Schottky diode showed an approximately 3.3-fold lower series resistance as compared with the un-annealed Schottky diode under air exposure of up to 7days. These annealed diodes showed significantly reduced electrical degradation by removing the potentially trapped H<SUB>2</SUB>O and/or O<SUB>2</SUB> at the interface between the graphene layer and the n-Si substrate.

N-BACK 프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 인지, 시지각, 우울, 불안과 일상생활활동에 미치는 효과

김소영(S. Y. Kim),권상남(S. N. Kwon),김지훈(J. H. Kim) 한국재활복지공학회 2015 재활복지공학회논문지 Vol.9 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 임상에서 사용하고 있는 뇌 자극 훈련인 N-BACK 프로그램을 뇌졸중 환자들에게 적용하여 인지, 시지각, 우울, 불안과 일상생활활동에 미치는 임상적 효과를 증명하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 증명하기 위해 뇌졸중으로 진단받고 유병기간이 6개월 이상인자로 한국판 정신상태판별검사(MMSE-K)에서 18∼23점으로 인지기능 손상이 의심되는 자로써 무작위로 실험군과 대조군 각각 10명씩 선정하였다. 연구자 1인의 진행 하에 임상경력 5년 이상의 숙련된 치료사 8명에 의해 연구가 진행되었으며, 4주간 주 5회 1일 30분, 총 20회를 실시하였다. 그 결과 뇌졸중 환자에게 뇌 자극 훈련인 N-BACK 프로그램을 적용한 실험군이 대조군보다 인지, 시지각, 우울, 불안과 일상생활활동 기능 향상에 긍정적인 결과를 보였다. 이 연구로부터 얻은 결과들은 뇌졸중 환자의 인지, 시지각, 우울 및 불안의 향상을 위해 N-BACK 프로그램을 적용하면 환자의 재활에 긍정적인 효과가 있음을 기대할 수 있고, 그로 인해 일상생활 활동이 보다 독립적으로 향상될 것으로 기대할 수 있다. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate clinical effects on cognition, visual perception, depression, anxiety, and activities of daily living by applying the N-BACK program, a brain stimulated training program, which is used for the clinical purpose. To prove this, subjects suspected of cognitive impairment with 18-23 points in a Korean version of mental status examination (MMSE-K) were recruited among the population who had been diagnosed with stroke duration and suffered from it for six months of duration, and 10 of the subjects were selected into the experimental group and the control group, respectively. A total of 20 sessions were carried out for 30 minutes per day 5 times for 4 weeks. As a result, the experimental group who has been applied the N-BACK program showed positive results in the improvement of cognition, visual perception, depression, anxiety, and daily living skills. The results obtained from this study expect us that applying the N-BACK program for the improvement of cognition, visual perception, depression, and anxiety to stroke patients has a positive effect on the rehabilitation of patients and will lead them to improve daily living activities more independently.

Thermal-Annealing Eect on the Diode Characteristics of n-ZnO/p-Si (111)

J. H. Lee,J. Y. Lee,J. J. Kim,N. W. Jang,H. K. Cho,조채룡,H. S. Kim 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.54 No.2

Zinc-oxide films were deposited, by a RF (radio-frequency) sputtering system, on p-type Si (111) substrates at room temperature. The films were annealed at various temperatures in order to study the annealing temperature dependence of the diode characteristics of n-ZnO/p-Si (111). An n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction diode was fabricated by using a photolithographic method. The diode characteristics were investigated by using current - voltage measurements (HP4145B). The effect of annealing temperature on the structural and the morphological property was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The turn-on voltage of the diodes was about 1.4~1.7 V and the current-voltage curve revealed an excellent rectification behavior. The diode characteristics changed with annealing temperature and n-ZnO/p-Si (111) heterojunction diodes exhibited yellow light at 13 ~ 15 V. Zinc-oxide films were deposited, by a RF (radio-frequency) sputtering system, on p-type Si (111) substrates at room temperature. The films were annealed at various temperatures in order to study the annealing temperature dependence of the diode characteristics of n-ZnO/p-Si (111). An n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction diode was fabricated by using a photolithographic method. The diode characteristics were investigated by using current - voltage measurements (HP4145B). The effect of annealing temperature on the structural and the morphological property was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The turn-on voltage of the diodes was about 1.4~1.7 V and the current-voltage curve revealed an excellent rectification behavior. The diode characteristics changed with annealing temperature and n-ZnO/p-Si (111) heterojunction diodes exhibited yellow light at 13 ~ 15 V.

Highly sensitive and selective acetone sensing performance of WO₃ nanofibers functionalized by Rh₂O₃ nanoparticles

Kim, N.H.,Choi, S.J.,Kim, S.J.,Cho, H.J.,Jang, J.S.,Koo, W.T.,Kim, M.,Kim, I.D. Elsevier Sequoia 2016 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.224 No.-

In this work, catalytic Rh<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-functionalized WO<SUB>3</SUB> nanofibers (NFs) were synthesized via an electrospinning route and used as a highly selective acetone-sensing layer for potential diagnosis of diabetes. Catalytic rhodium nanoparticles (Rh NPs) with average diameters of 5.0+/-0.52nm, which were synthesized by the polyol process, were dispersed in water with W precursor and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) for electrospinning. As-spun Rh NP-loaded W precursor/PVP composite NFs were calcined at 600<SUP>o</SUP>C for 1h in air atmosphere to achieve Rh<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-decorated WO<SUB>3</SUB> NFs. Microstructure evolution and chemical composition of Rh<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-decorated WO<SUB>3</SUB> NFs as a function of Rh-loading amounts, i.e., 0.01wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.10wt%, and 0.15wt%, were examined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The mean size (30nm) of the WO<SUB>3</SUB> crystallites in Rh<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-decorated WO<SUB>3</SUB> NFs was much smaller than that (60nm) of the WO<SUB>3</SUB> crystallites in pristine WO<SUB>3</SUB> NFs. The Rh<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-decorated WO<SUB>3</SUB> NFs showed outstanding acetone (CH<SUB>3</SUB>COCH<SUB>3</SUB>) sensing response (R<SUB>air</SUB>/R<SUB>gas</SUB>=41.2 to 5ppm), which was 4.6 times higher than the response (R<SUB>air</SUB>/R<SUB>gas</SUB>=9.0 to 5ppm) of pristine WO<SUB>3</SUB> NFs at highly humid atmosphere (95% RH). In addition, superior acetone cross-sensitivity of the Rh<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-decorated WO<SUB>3</SUB> NFs was observed in other interfering gases such as pentane (n-C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>12</SUB>), ammonia (NH<SUB>3</SUB>), toluene (C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>CH<SUB>3</SUB>), carbon monoxide (CO), and ethanol (C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>OH) at 5ppm. These results are highly promising for the accurate and selective detection of acetone in exhaled breath for potential diagnosis of diabetes.