실험적 급성 심근경색증 후 좌심실 재성형에 관여하는 간질 조직의 변화에 대한 전환효소억제제의 기전에 대한 연구 : 백서의 非痛璧性 심근경색 후 좌심실 재성형 및 Transforming Grawth Factor β-1의 발현 변화와 이에 대한 레닌 안지오텐신계 차단제의 효과 분석 Effects on Transforming Growth Factor - β-1 Expression

연태진,김석연,김효수,김어진,김소영,정은주,서정욱,오병희 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.9

초,중,고 학생의 과학 정의적 영역 성취도 비교 분석

김수연 ( Sue Yeon Kim ),김효남 ( Hyo Nam Kim ) 한국교원대학교 초등교육연구소 2012 초등교과교육연구 Vol.16 No.-

이 연구는 초·중고 학생들의 과학 정의적 특성을 비교 분석하여 과학 정의적 영역에 대한 학생들의 특성을 알아보고, 더 나아가 초·중·고 학생들에게 바람직한 과학적 인식, 흥미, 태도를 함양하여 앞으로의 과학 교육의 내용과 방향을 제시하고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2011년 2월에 초중고 학생 595을 대상으로 과학의 정의적 특성을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 과학 정의적 특성의 평균 점수가 초등학교 5학년에서 중학교2학년으로 올라가면서 통계적으로 유의하게(p<.05) 하락한 후 고등학교 1학년에서 상승하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 남학생이 여학생보다 통계적으로 유의하게(p<.05) 높은 점수가 나타났다. 초등학교 5학년과 고등학교 1학년은 과학적 태도에서 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 중학교 2학년에서는 과학에 대한 인식에서 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않고 있다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면 초등학교에서 중·고등학교로 진학하면서 과학에 대한 정의적 특성 성취 점수가 낮아지는 것을 보면 학생들에게 과학 수업에 대한 흥미와 태도를 높일 수 있도록 과학교육과정에서 내용과 방향에 대한 개선을 모색해야 할 필요가 있다. 또한 여학생의 과학에 대한 인식, 흥미, 태도를 향상 시킬 수 있는 교수-학습 과정을 모색하며 과학의 성취 수준에 대한 계속적인 분석을 통해 과학 교육의 질적 향상을 해야 한다고 생각한다. The purpose of this study was to investigate students` achievement of science affective domain. Achievement of science-related affective domain of elementary, middle, and high school students according to grades and gender was analyzed. The number of students who responded the questionnaire of science-related affective domain was 595, consisted of 172 elementary school students, 193 middle school students and 230 high school students in the same city. The students answered were 302 boys and 293 girls. The questionnaire of science-related affective domain developed by Hyo-Nam Kim and her colleagues was used. The questionnaire consisted of cognition of science, interest toward science, and scientific attitude. The reliability of the instrument was .86. The result of this study are as follows: First, the fifth graders showed the highest achievement of science-related affective domain, and the tenth graders were followed. The middle school students showed the lowest achievement of science-related affective doaim. Second, the boys showed higher achievement of science-related affective domain than girls. To maintain interest toward science and scientific attitude of students science curriculum improvement is necessary. Especially to increase girl`s and middle schoolers` achievement of science-related affective domain science teaching should consider affective domain of science education.

중학교 가정과 '인간발달과 가족관계' 영역의 교육자료 (CD-Rom) 개발 및 현장 적용 연구 : 실천적 추론 수업을 중심으로

유태명,장혜경,유지연,김주연,김항아,김효순 한국 가정과 교육 학회 2000 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.12 No.3

The purpose of this study is to develop lesson plans. teaching guide, and teaching materials applying practical reasoning teaching model in the area of 'human development and family relationship' in middle school home economics. The practical reasoning teaching model consists of five factors: Desired results, Awareness of context. Alternative approaches, Consequences of action, and Action. This study based on practical reasoning has following process: Curriculum development, Developing lesson plan. teaching material, and teaching guide. Experimental teaching and evaluation, Feedback, Production of CD-Rom. Teaching guide includes lesson Plan. workbook, multimedia materials and teaching resources, Especially teaching guide in CD-Rom can be used effectively in the actual teaching. In the classroom, this teaching model accomplished active and interesting Participation of teachers and students. It is proposed that practical reasoning teaching model should be applied to other areas of home economics. In addition, various teaching materials based on Practical reasoning need to be developed.

시화호의 계절변화에 따른 지화학적 환경요인 특성 연구

김태하,박용철,이효진,김동화,박준건,김성준,이미연 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.12

Seasonal variation of biogeochemical characteristics was determined in Lake Shihwa from October 2002 to August 2003. When the lake was artificially constructed for the freshwater reservoir in 1988, the development of the strong haline density stratification resulted in two-layered system in water column and hypoxic/anoxic environment prevailed in the bottom layer due to oxidation of accumulated organic matters in the lake. Recently, seawater flux to the lake through the sluice has been increased to improve water quality in the lake since 2000, but seasonal stratification and hypoxic bottom layer of the lake still developed in the summer due to the nature of artificially enclosed lake system. As the lake is still receiving tremendous amount of organic matters and other pollutants from neighboring streams during the rainy summer season, limited seawater flux sluicing into the lake may not be enough for the physical and biogeochemical mass balance especially in the summer. The excess of accumulated organic matters in the bottom layer apparently exhausted dissolved oxygen and affected biogeochemical distributions and processes of organic and inorganic compounds in the stratified two-layered environment in the summer. During the summer, ammonia and dissolved organic carbon remarkably increased in the bottom layer due to the hypoxic/anoxic condition in the bottom layer. Phosphate also increased as the result of benthic flux from the bottom sediment. Meanwhile, dissolved organic carbon showed the highest value at the upstream area and decreased along the salinity gradient in the lake. In addition to the sources from the upstream, autochthonous origin of particulate organic carbon from algal bloom in the lake might be more important for sustaining aggravated water quality and development of deteriorated bottom environment in the summer. The removal of trace metals could be attributed to scavenging by strong insoluble metal-sulfide compounds in the hypoxic/anoxic bottom layer in the summer.

청소년기 여성의 가족폭력 피해에 관한 연구

김경희,권혜진,최미혜,정연강 韓國學校保建學會 1996 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.9 No.2

This study is designed to contribute to the intervention of adolescent domestic violence by understanding the experience of the victims, better. The data were coiiected through a series of interviews with 3 subjects singled out at each stage of research. With the permission of the subjects, the interviews were recorded and transcribed. The interviews lasted from two and a half to 8 hours. The data were analyzed in the framework of grounded theory as mapped out by Strauss & Corbin (1990). The major findings of this research are as follows : The core category was found to be the adaptation of "Jitnulim" or "Being suppressed" . The sub-categories identified in the process of grounded data analysis were 'roughness', 'wildness', 'driving', 'challenging', 'being strapped', 'being pressed', 'erupting', 'being horrified', 'being hardened', 'being connected', 'being seen', 'being helpful', being led', 'sprouting', 'being off , 'being cast out', 'shaking off,' getting out', 'covering-up', 'waiting', 'ruling', 'common placeness', 'overcoming', 'getting united', 'fa11ing behind', 'falling in', 'being mixed up', 'ruthlessness', 'estrangement', 'difficulty', 'being overwhelmed', 'feeling regreful', 'being pressed','hesitating', and 'shying off'. These categories were again grouped into 11 categories including 'threatening', 'straightjacketing', 'alliance', 'phenomenon','pattern of support','system of support','challenging','calming-down','being relieved','being hardened and entangled','being entangled'. The following four theses were confirmed on the basis of the reifetitive relation: 1) If the episodes of violence are frequent and serious, with the resulting straightjacketing being stronger the victim's family relations are coherent and the subject's support pattern is highly mature. Concrete the responses to the straighjacketing regulted in a'calming-down' which gradually relieved. 2) If the episodes of violence were frequent and serious, with the resulting straightjacketing being strong the victim's family relations and incoherent and the suhjects supporter is immature but strong the support type is superficial and the responses to the straightjacketing result in a bouncing-off which gets entangled with the passage of time. 3) If the episodes of the violence are frequent and serious, the straighljacketing is strong, but the family relations are and the subject's support system is mature and strong the responses to the straightjacketing result in a calming-down which gets partly relieved but partly entangled. 4) If the episodes of the violence are frequent and serious with the resulting straightiacketing being strong, the victim's family relations are incoherent, the subject's support system is immature, and the support type is immature the responses to the straightjacketing result in a 'bouncing-off' which gets entangled and partly hardened with time.

심근경색 환자에서의 헤파린 사용시 장요근 혈종과 연관된 후복막강내 자발적 출혈 1예

김효정,김도연,황민규,조홍근 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.10

여성에서 Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate와 인슐린저항성증후군의 연관성

김효정,홍은순,오지영,홍영선,성연아 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: DHEA는 안드로겐 전구체로서 연령 증가에 따라 감소한다. 남성에서 DHEA는 인슐린저항성 및 심혈관질환에 대한 보호 작용을 하는 것으로 알려져 있으나 여성에서는 인슐린저항성과 심혈관질환에 대한 DHEA의 역할은 정립되어 있지 않다. 본 연구는 여성에서 인슐린저항성과 심혈관질환에서 DHEA의 역할을 규명하고자 시행하였다. 방법: 지역사회에서 무작위 추출된 471명의 여성을 대상으로 DHEA보다 반감기가 길고 일중 변동이 적은 것으로 알려져 있는 DHEAS의 농도를 방사면역측정법으로 측정하였다. DHEAS 농도와 인슐린저항성증후군 및 이 증후군을 구성하는 인자들과의 연관성을 관찰하였다. 결과: 1. 인슐린저항성증후군 인자의 빈도는 비만 25.3%, 내당능장애 8.5%, 고혈압 21.9%, 이상지질혈증 6.2%이었으며 인슐린저항성증후군의 빈도는 16.5%이었다. 2. DHEAS는 연령(r=-0.47, p<0.001), 수축기혈압(r=-0.18, p<0.001), 이완기혈압(r=-0.10, p<0.05), 공복혈당(r=-0.10, p<0.05), 포도당부하 2시간 혈당(r=-0.12, p<0.01), 및 중성지방(r=-0.16, p<0.01)과 의미있는 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 3. DHEAS 농도를 사분위수로 나눈 후 연령을 보정한 후 인슐린 저항성증후군 구성요소의 빈도를 관찰하였을 때 DHEAS 농도 감소에 따라 고혈압의 빈도가 유의하게 증가하였다.(p<0.05). 4. 연령(p<0.0001) 및 체질량지수(p<0.05)가 DHEAS에 영향을 주는 인자로 작용하였다. 5. 연령을 보정한 후 낮은 DHEAS농도는 인슐린저항성증후군의 위험인자로 작용하지 않았다. 결론: 여성에서 혈청 DHEAS 농도는 혈압, 혈당 및 혈청 지질 농도와 음의 상관관계가 있었으며, 연령을 보정한 후 DHEAS 농도가 감소함에 따라 고혈압의 빈도가 증가하는 것으로 보아 최소한 DHEAS는 인슐린저항성증후군에 대해 위해 작용을 가지지는 않는 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 DHEAS의 인슐린저항성증후군 및 심혈관질환에 대한 보호 작용을 증명하기 위해서는 이들 대상자를 전향적으로 추적 관찰하여 인슐린저항성증후군 및 심혈관질환의 발생과 DHEAS의 관계를 규명해야 할 것이다. Background: Dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA) is an androgen precursor, and is known to be decreased by the aging process. DHEA has been known to have a protective effect on insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease in men, but remains controversial in women. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of DHEA on insulin resistance, and the risk for cardiovascular disease, in women. Methods: We analyzed the relationship between DHEA sulfate (DHEAS), known to have a longer half-life and less diurnal variation than DHEA, and insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in 471 non-diabetic women from an urban community diabetes prevalence study. Serum DHEAS concentrations were measured using a commercially available radioimmunoassay kit. Results: 1. the frequencies of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension and dyslipidemia were 25.3, 8.5, 21.9 and 6.2%, respectively, and the frequency of IRS was 16.5%. 2. DHEAS was significantly inversely correlated with age (r=-0.47, p<0.001), systolic blood pressure (r=-0.18, p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.10, p<0.05), fasting serum glucose (r=-0.10, p<0.05), postchllenge 2 hour glucose (r=-0.12, p<0.01) and triglycerides (r=-0.16, p<0.01). 3. As serum DHEAS concentrations, by quartiles, were decreased, the age-adjusted frequency of hypertension was significantly increase (p<0.05). 4. A Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that DHEAS was significantly associated with age (p<0.0001) and BMI (p<0.05). 5. A Logistic regression analysis showed that DHEAS was not associated with IRS after adjustment for age. Conclusion: DHEAS is inversely associated with age. DHEAS has no harmful effect, and may even have a protective role, on insulin resistance syndrome. Prospective examinations of DHEAS and insulin resistance syndrome in women are needed to confirm the mechanism for the association between DHEAS and the development of cardiovascular disease (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:675∼684, 2002).

종파-횡파 동시 발진형 초음파 탐촉자 설계

김연보,노용래,남효덕 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1994 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.5 No.1

Most of conventional ultrasonic probes are constructed to generate either longitudinal or shear waves, but not combination of both waves. The ultrasonic probe that generates both of the longitudinal and shear waves simultaneously with a single PZT element was investigated. We studied the performance of a PZT element as a function of its rotation angle so that its efficiency is optimized to excite the two waves equally strongly. The results are verified by checking the impedance variation of the element with Finite Element Methods, and checking the wave form by Pulse-Echo test simulation. The validity of the theoretical calculation is verified through experiments.

노인에서 한국판 행동통제척도의 표준화 및 타당도 연구

김효진,이준영,정희연,나덕렬,조성진,조맹제,장성만 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.4

The aims of this study are to demonstrate the reliability and the validity of the Korean version of Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale (BDS-K.) and to present the normative values of BDS-K among the Korean elderly. The BDS-K was administered in a standardized manner to 1,389 healthy volunteers aged over 65 years recruited from the cornmunity. The elderly with serious neurological, medical or psychiatric disorders were excluded using screening tests. BDS-K showed good intemal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.812), test-retest reliability (r=0.88) and inter-rater reliability (r=0.99). Age and educational level were found to affect BDS-K score. Based on this result, normative values of BDS-K. were calculated by age and educational level. The validity of the BDS-K were demonstrated in comparison with MMSE-KC (r=0.72). BDS-K is reliable and valid instrument for measuring executive function of the elderly. The normative values suggested by this study can be widely used as reference values to objectively interpret BDS-K scores of the Korean elderly.

원자력 발전소내 부품의 이상 진동 진단 및 저감연구

김명수,임무승,정연두,김효준 三陟大學校 産業科學技術硏究所 2004 産業科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

In this paper, We researched the method analysing more easily the vibration source of motor to decrease trial and error in the vibration analysis when it is made high vibration in a big size motor driving vertical pump. According to this result, We made an easy calcalation expression to analysis the vibration source and decrease the vibration by eccentric ratio and clearance of bearing, deviation from roundness, slope of shaft, and slope of base plate, alignment variation by means of analysing the character of vibration happening to the degree. of inner clearance of motor.