http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Kim, Gyoungsik,Yeom, Hye Rim,Cho, Shinuk,Seo, Jung Hwa,Kim, Jin Young,Yang, Changduk American ChemicalSociety 2012 Macromolecules Vol.45 No.4
<P>Two donor– (D−) acceptor (A) type polymersbasedon a soluble chromophore of phenothiazine (PT) unit that is a tricyclicnitrogen–sulfur heterocycle, have been synthesized by introducingan electron-deficient benzothiadiazole (BT) building block copolymerizedwith either PT or phenothiazine-<I>S</I>,<I>S</I>-dioxide (PT-<I>SS</I>) unit as an oxidized form of PT.The resulting polymers, <B>PPTDTBT</B> and <B>PPTDTBT-</B><I><B>SS</B></I> are fully characterized by UV–visabsorption, electrochemical cyclic voltammetry, X-ray diffraction(XRD), and DFT theoretical calculations. We find that the maximumabsorption of <B>PPTDTBT</B> is not only markedly red-shiftedwith respect to that of <B>PPTDTBT-</B><I><B>SS</B></I> but also its band gap as well as molecular energy levelsare readily tuned by the insertion of <I>S</I>,<I>S</I>-dioxides into the polymer. The main interest is focused on the electronicapplications of the two polymers in organic field-effect transistors(OFETs) as well as conventional and inverted polymeric solar cells(PSCs). <B>PPTDTBT</B> is a typical p-type polymer semiconductorfor OFETs and conventional PSCs based on this polymer and PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM show a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.69%. In case of <B>PPTDTBT-</B><I><B>SS</B></I>, the devices characteristicsresult in: (i) 1 order of magnitude higher hole mobility (μ= 6.9 × 10<SUP>–4</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP>) than that obtained with <B>PPTDTBT</B> and (ii) improved performance of the inverted PSCs (1.22%), comparedto its conventional devices. Such positive features can be accountedfor in terms of closer packing molecular characteristics owing eitherto the effects of dipolar intermolecular interactions orientated fromthe sulfonyl groups or the relatively high coplanarity of <B>PPTDTBT-</B><I><B>SS</B></I> backbone.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mamobx/2012/mamobx.2012.45.issue-4/ma202661b/production/images/medium/ma-2011-02661b_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ma202661b'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Use of heteroaromatic spacers in isoindigo-benzothiadiazole polymers for ambipolar charge transport
Kim, Gyoungsik,Han, A-Reum,Lee, Hae Rang,Oh, Joon Hak,Yang, Changduk The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.17 No.40
<P>Inspired by the outstanding charge-transport characteristics of poly(isoindigo-<I>alt</I>-benzothiadiazole) (PIIG-BT) in our previous study, herein we present two new polymers (<B>PIIG-DTBT</B> and <B>PIIG-DSeBT</B>) involving IIG and BT blocks constructed using five-membered heteroaromatic spacers such as thiophene (T) and selenophene (Se) and investigate the effects of the spacer groups on the optical, electrochemical, and charge-transport properties. As a consequence of the red-shifts induced by the more extended conjugation and enhanced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), both <B>PIIG-DTBT</B> and <B>PIIG-DSeBT</B> show smaller bandgaps compared to PIIG-BT. Interestingly, the LUMO energy levels (−3.57 eV) for the two polymers are the same, but the HOMO levels (−5.39 and −5.26 eV for <B>PIIG-DTBT</B> and <B>PIIG-DSeBT</B>, respectively) clearly vary as a function of the structural modification of the spacers. In addition to the changes in their optical properties and energy levels induced by the incorporation of the spacers, ambipolar charge transport behaviors with hole and electron mobilities of up to 7.8 × 10<SUP>−2</SUP> and 3.4 × 10<SUP>−2</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively, are observed for <B>PIIG-DTBT</B> films with highly ordered lamellar packing. This represents the second example of IIG-based polymers exhibiting ambipolar charge transport in OFETs reported to date.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Not only do we report two new polymers (<B>PIIG-DTBT</B> and <B>PIIG-DSeBT</B>) involving isoindigo and benzothiadiazole blocks constructed with thiophene and selenophene spacers, but also explore the optical, electrochemical, and charge-transport properties. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cp01787k'> </P>
Kim, Jonggi,Han, A-Reum,Hong, Jayeon,Kim, Gyoungsik,Lee, Junghoon,Shin, Tae Joo,Oh, Joon Hak,Yang, Changduk American Chemical Society 2014 Chemistry of materials Vol.26 No.17
<P>Recognizing the importance of molecular coplanarity and with the aim of developing new, ideal strong acceptor-building units in semiconducting polymers for high-performance organic electronics, herein we present a simplified single-step synthesis of novel vinylene- and acetylene-linked bis-benzothiadiazole (<B>VBBT</B> and <B>ABBT</B>) monomers with enlarged planarity relative to a conventionally used acceptor, benzothiadiazole (BT). Along these lines, four polymers (<B>PDPP-VBBT</B>, <B>PDPP-ABBT</B>, <B>PIID-VBBT</B>, and <B>PIID-ABBT</B>) incorporating either <B>VBBT</B> or <B>ABBT</B> moieties are synthesized by copolymerizing with centro-symmetric ketopyrrole cores, such as diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and isoindigo (IID), and their electronic, physical, and transistor properties are studied. These polymers show relatively balanced ambipolar transport, and <B>PDPP-VBBT</B> yields hole and electron mobilities as high as 0.32 and 0.13 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP>, respectively. Interestingly, the acetylenic linkages lead to enhanced electron transportation in ketopyrrole-based polymers, showing a decreased threshold voltage and inverting voltage in the transistor and inverter devices, respectively. The IID-based BBT polymers exhibit the inversion of the dominant polarity depending on the type of unsaturated carbon bridge. Owing to their strong electron-accepting ability and their highly π-extended and planar structures, <B>VBBT</B> and <B>ABBT</B> monomers should be extended to the rational design of high-performance polymers in the field of organic electronics.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2014/cmatex.2014.26.issue-17/cm500800u/production/images/medium/cm-2014-00800u_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm500800u'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Kim, Yiho,Long, Dang Xuan,Lee, Junghoon,Kim, Gyoungsik,Shin, Tae Joo,Nam, Kyung-Wan,Noh, Yong-Young,Yang, Changduk American Chemical Society 2015 Macromolecules Vol.48 No.15
<P>Structure–property relationships associated with a hybrid siloxane-terminated hexyl chain (SiC6), photophysics, molecular packing, thin-film morphology, and charge carrier transport are reported for two novel naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based polymers; P(NDI2SiC6-T2) consists of NDI and bithiophene (T2) repeating units, while for P(NDI2SiC6-TVT), the (<I>E</I>)-2-(2-(thiophen-2-yl)-vinyl)thiophene (TVT) units are introduced into the NDI-based backbone. The analysis of the optical spectra shows that the preaggregation of these polymers in solution is highly sensitive to the choice of solvent such that the films prepared by using different solvents can be “tuned” with regard to their degrees and types of the aggregates. In-depth morphology investigations (atomic force microscopy (AFM), grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS)) combined with device optimization studies are used to probe the interplay between molecular structure, molecular packing, and OFET mobility. It is found that the polymer films cast as a coating from chloroform (CF) solvent favor a mixed face-on and edge-on orientation, while 1-chloronaphthalene (CN)-cast films favor an almost entirely edge-on orientation, resulting in a difference in mobility between CF- and CN-cast devices. Within this work, the annealed P(NDI2SiC6-T2) device fabricated from CF, despite showing a less densely packed organization, shows the highest electron mobility of up to 1.04 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/V·s due to a highly balanced face-on to edge-on ratio. This work, for the first time, advances our understanding for how the balanced face-on to edge-on ratio plays a dramatic role in facilitating charge transport, opening a new charge-transport mechanism in electronic devices.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mamobx/2015/mamobx.2015.48.issue-15/acs.macromol.5b01012/production/images/medium/ma-2015-01012k_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ma5b01012'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Noh, Juran,Jung, Sungwoo,Kim, Gyoungsik,Koo, Dong Geon,Choi, Kyoung Soon,Shin, Tae Joo,Yang, Changduk,Park, Juhyun Elsevier 2019 Journal of molecular liquids Vol.288 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Nanoassemblies of an organic semiconductor based on thienoisoindigo were prepared by forming nanomorphologies in phase-separated films of a thienoisoindigo-based molecule (TIIG-Bz), bromobenzaldehydes (BBAs), and a phospholipid, 1,2-dioctanoyl-<I>sn</I>-glycero-3-phosphocholine (D8PC), and then shattering the films via penetration of water into polar domains. It was suggested that 2-BBA associated with TIIG-Bz via intermolecular halogen and chalcogen bonding between the electron-deficient δ-holes of bromine in 2-BBA and sulfur in TIIG-Bz, and their electron-rich counterparts, carbonyl oxygen, in TIIG-Bz and 2-BBA, filling empty space in the conjugated planes. This resulted in the π-π stacking of conjugated planes overwhelming the lateral packing of alkyl chains as the ratios of 2-BBA and the lipid to TIIG-Bz increased and decreased, respectively, as proven by bathochromic shifts in the absorption spectra and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction patterns. It was concluded that, by varying the 2-BBA and D8PC compositions, the water-dispersed nanomorphologies of the organic semiconductor can be controlled via the competition of hydrophobic interactions between alkyl chains for lateral association for zero-dimensional growth and intermolecular π-π interactions for one-dimensional growth.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A thioisoindigo-based semiconductor (TIIG) was assembled with a phospholipid. </LI> <LI> 2-Bromobenzaldehyde was associated with TIIG via halogen and chalcogen bondings. </LI> <LI> Enlarged conjugated planes contributed to enhancement of intermolecular π-π interactions. </LI> <LI> 1D growth of TIIG resulted in flat, needle-like assemblies. </LI> </UL> </P>