해양공간데이터 표준 및 변환 검증에 관한 연구

김병교(Kim, Byung Gyo),홍기영(Hong, Ki Young),최윤수(Choi, Yun Soo),민관식(Min Kwan Sik),김재명(Kim Jae Myeong) 한국지적정보학회 2016 한국지적정보학회지 Vol.18 No.3

최근 해양공간정보는 선박의 안전항해와 해양조사에 이용되는 해도 제작 이외에도 해상경계 미획정 등의 분쟁을 해결하기 위한 과학적인 기초자료로서 중요성이 부각되고 있다. 우리나라에서 구축한 해양공간정보는 구축 시기와 다른 소프트웨어를 이용한 처리로 인해 포맷 표준화가 이뤄지지 않아 활용성이 저하되고 있는 설정이다. 본 연구에서는 수심데이터간의 통합 활용을 위해 수심데이터의 표준포맷을 정립과 기존에 구축되어 있는 수심데이터의 표준포맷 변환방법을 제시하고자 한다. 기존에 구축된 수심데이터의 포맷을 분석하고 공통요소 도출을 통해 표준포맷을 정립하였으며, 처리된 소프트웨어 별 제시된 변환방법에 따라 표준포맷으로 변환한 수심데이터는 국립해양조사원에서 공표하는 대표수심값과 검증을 실시한 결과 약 ±0.95% 편차로 변환된 데이터의 손실이 거의 발생하지 않음을 확인하였다. Recently, Marine Spatial Information data, its importance and demand have been consistently increased as a basic information for utilizing inter-data fusion and management of marine space in a perspective of scientific research. In order to define standard format of Marine Spatial Information data for using inter-bathymetric data integration and fusion among diversified data, omitted items were added and essential items were established by performing structural analysis for bathymetric data having been established in our country and logical, physical design of data, column definition and specification were defined. as a result of comparing typical depth with converted bathymetric data being announced by KHOA in order to define conversion method by each type of bathymetric data and to verify conversion accuracy of converted data for conversion to standard format of bathymetric data being defined in a research by targeting bathymetric data of already constructed Caris, EIVA, CZMIL, compared with typical depth was confirmed based on deviation of app.±0.95 % from average depth.

Chemical‐Driven Tissue Removal and Removal Profiles by Atmospheric Plasma Irradiation

Koo, Il Gyo,Moore, Cameron A.,Choi, Myeong Yeol,Kim, Gon Jun,Kim, Paul Y.,Kim, Yoon‐,Sun,Yu, Zengqi,Collins, George J. WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Plasma Processes and Polymers Vol.8 No.12

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We demonstrate the application of RF‐excited plasma to remove localized regions of ex vivo tissue. While some limited tissue removal occurs when using discharges in rare gases alone, the addition of chemical precursors results in an enhancement of etch depth and etch profile under essentially identical plasma conditions of delivered power, applied voltage, and gas flow. Specifically, the material removal rate in our experiments using different <I>CH</I><SUB>4−<I>x</I></SUB><I>Cl</I><SUB><I>x</I></SUB> additives increased with both (i) the molecular chlorine content (<I>x</I> = 2,3,4) of the selected additive, and (ii) the concentration of haloalkane vapor in the gas stream. We attribute this enhancement to the generation and delivery of chemically reactive radicals from the plasma to the tissue, followed by formation of volatile products (i.e., a chemical, rather than physical or thermal, tissue removal process). In addition we observed that cross‐sectional etch profiles differed with the chosen haloalkane additive chemistries, indicative of corresponding differences in chemistries on profile side‐walls versus bottom walls.</P>

Suppression of TLRs signaling pathways by 1-[5-methoxy-2-(2-nitrovinyl)phenyl]pyrrolidine

Ahn, Sang-Il,Kim, Ji-Soo,Shin, Hyeon-Myeong,Kim, Ah-Yeon,Gu, Gyo-Jeong,Shim, Hyun-Jin,Kim, Yeon Joo,Koh, Kwang Oh.,Mang, Joo Yang,Kim, Dae Young,Youn, Hyung-Sun Elsevier 2016 INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY Vol.35 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play significant roles in recognizing the pathogen-associated molecular patterns that induce innate immunity, and subsequently, acquired immunity. In general, TLRs have two downstream signaling pathways, the myeloid differential factor 88 (MyD88)-dependent and toll-interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF)-dependent pathways, which lead to the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). 1-[5-methoxy-2-(2-nitrovinyl)phenyl]pyrrolidine (MNP) has been previously synthesized in our laboratory. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of MNP, its effect on signal transduction via the TLR signaling pathways was examined. MNP was shown to inhibit the activation of NF-κB and IRF3 induced by TLR agonists, as well as to inhibit the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and interferon inducible protein-10. MNP also inhibited the activation of NF-κB and IRF3 induced by the overexpression of downstream signaling components of the MyD88- or TRIF-dependent signaling pathways. These results suggest that MNP can modulate MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling pathways of TLRs, leading to decreased inflammatory gene expression.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Inflammation is involved in numerous diseases. </LI> <LI> Toll-like receptors (TLR) play a significant role in the induction of innate immune responses </LI> <LI> 1-[5-methoxy-2-(2-nitrovinyl)phenyl]pyrrolidine is abbreviated to MNP. </LI> <LI> MNP inhibited the NF-κB and IRF3 activation and COX-2, iNOS, and IP-10 expression induced by TLR agonists. </LI> <LI> These results suggest that MNP can modulate MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling pathways of TLRs. </LI> </UL> </P>

Low Endotoxic and Immunogenic Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccine Platform Derived from an MsbB-Deficient Salmonella enteritidis Mutant

Sang-Rae Lee(이상래),Kang-Jin Jeong,Sang-Hyun Kim,Keun-Su Kim,Sung-Jin Kim,Young-Hyun Kim,Jae-Won Huh,Ekyune Kim,Myeong-Su Kim,Jun-Gyo Suh,Kyu-Tae Chang 한국실험동물학회 2009 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

Low Endotoxic and Immunogenic Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccine Platform Derived from an MsbB-Deficient Salmonella enteritidis Mutant

Sang-Rae Lee,Kang-Jin Jeong,Sang-Hyun Kim,Keun-Su Kim,Sung-Jin Kim,Young-Hyun Kim,Jae-Won Huh,Ekyune Kim,Myeong-Su Kim,Jun-Gyo Suh,Kyu-Tae Chang 한국실험동물학회 2008 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.24 No.4

A low endotoxic Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) vaccine platform was established with an msbB genedeleted (ΔmsbB) Salmonella enteritidis mutant. The Salmonella ΔmsbB mutant displayed lipopolysaccharide phenotypic changes showing faster migration of the lipid A-core region in an SDS-PAGE analysis and the increased amount of penta-acyl lipid A due to the MsbB deficiency. In an endotoxicity assay, BALB/c mice injected intraperitoneally with the Salmonella ΔmsbB mutant survived for 10 days, whereas mice injected intraperitoneally with the wild type survived for 5 days. Also, all mice inoculated orally with the ΔmsbB mutant survived for 30 days but 70% of mice inoculated orally with wild type survived. Electron microscopically, the Salmonella ΔmsbB mutant produced a larger amount of OMVs than the wild type. In immunogenicity tests, all sera from mice groups immunized with the wild type, ΔmsbB mutant, and their OMVs, showed significantly higher IgG levels. This result was consistent with higher bactericidal activities against wild type S. enteritidis, compared to the negative control. However, there were no significant differences in serum IgG levels and the bactericidal activities of the immune sera between the four mice groups. The viable counts of S. enteritidis recovered from the spleen and liver of four preimmunized mice groups after 5 days of the bacterial challenge showed significant reductions of the live bacteria. Conclusively, the ΔmsbB mutant of S. enteritidis produced relatively low endotoxic OMVs, which was verified in this study for its potential to be a non-replicating Salmonella vaccine candidate.

Atg5 knockout induces alternative autophagy via the downregulation of Akt expression

Kim Hye-Gyo,Ro Myeong-Han,Lee Michael 한국독성학회 2023 Toxicological Research Vol.39 No.4

Autophagy play contradictory roles in cellular transformation. We previously found that the knockout (KO) of autophagyrelated 5 (Atg5), which is essential for autophagy, leads to the malignant transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. In this study, we explored the mechanism by which autophagy contributes to this malignant transformation using two transformed cell lines, Atg5 KO and Ras-NIH 3T3. Monomeric red fluorescent protein–green fluorescent protein–light chain 3 reporter and Cyto-ID staining revealed that Ras-NIH 3T3 cells exhibited higher basal autophagy activity than NIH 3T3 cells. Additionally, transformed cells, regardless of their Atg5 KO status, were more sensitive to autophagy inhibitors (SBI-0206965, chloroquine, and obatoclax) than the untransformed NIH 3T3 cells, suggesting that the transformed cells are more autophagy-dependent than the normal cells. Loss of Atg5 improved the cell viability and mobility, especially in Ras-NIH 3T3 cells. Furthermore, we discovered that autophagy was alternatively induced in a Rab9-dependent manner in Ras-NIH 3T3 and NIH 3T3/Atg5 KO cells. In particular, Atg5 KO cells showed reduced mTOR-mediated phosphorylation of Akt (pAkt S473), indicating the mTOR-independent occurrence of alternative autophagy in Atg5 KO cells. Therefore, our study provides evidence that alternative autophagy may contribute to tumorigenesis in cells with an impaired Atg5-dependent autophagy pathway.

Characteristics of bifunctional acidic endoglucanase (Cel5B) from Gloeophyllum trabeum.

Kim, Ho Myeong,Lee, Yoon Gyo,Patel, Darshan H,Lee, Kwang Ho,Lee, Dae-Seok,Bae, Hyeun-Jong Published by Stockton Press on behalf of the Socie 2012 Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology Vol.39 No.7

<P>The endoglucanase (Cel5B) from the filamentous fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum was cloned and expressed without a signal peptide, and alanine residue 22 converted to glutamine in Pichia pastoris GS115. The DNA sequence of Cel5B had an open reading frame of 1,077 bp, encoding a protein of 359 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 47 kDa. On the basis of sequence similarity, Cel5B displayed active site residues at Glu-175 and Glu-287. Both residues lost full hydrolytic activity when replaced with alanine through point mutation. The purified recombinant Cel5B showed very high specific activity, about 80- to 1,000-fold and 13- to 70-fold in comparison with other endoglucanases and cellobiohydrolase, on carboxymethylcellulose and filter paper, respectively, at pH 3.5 and 55C. Cel5B displayed bifunctional characteristics under acidic conditions. The kinetic properties of the enzyme determined using a Lineweaver-Burk plot indicated that Cel5B is a catalytically efficient cellulolytic enzyme. These results suggest that Cel5B has high bifunctional endo- and exoglucanase activity under acidic conditions and is a good candidate for bioconversion of lignocellulose.</P>

Base-pair opening dynamics of primary miR156a using NMR elucidates structural determinants important for its processing level and leaf number phenotype in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Kim, Wanhui,Kim, Hee-Eun,Lee, Ae-Ree,Jun, A Rim,Jung, Myeong Gyo,Ahn, Ji Hoon,Lee, Joon-Hwa Oxford University Press 2017 Nucleic acids research Vol.45 No.2

<P>MicroRNAs originate from primary transcripts containing hairpin structures. The levels of mature miR156 influence the leaf number prior to flowering in the life cycle of plants. To understand the molecular mechanism of biogenesis of primary miR156a (pri-miR156a) to mature miR156, a base-pair opening dynamics study was performed using model RNAs mimicking the cleavage site of wild type and B5 bulge-stabilizing mutant pri-miR156a constructs. We also determined the mature miR156 levels and measured leaf numbers at flowering of plants overexpressing the wild type and mutant constructs. Our results suggest that the stabilities and/or opening dynamics of the C15·G98 and U16·A97 base-pairs at the cleavage site are essential for formation of the active conformation and for efficient processing of pri-miR156a, and that mutations of the B5 bulge can modulate mature miR156 levels as well as miR156-driven leaf number phenotypes via changes in the base-pair stability of the cleavage site.</P>

Structural determinants of miR156a precursor processing in temperature-responsive flowering in Arabidopsis

Kim, Wanhui,Kim, Hee-Eun,Jun, A Rim,Jung, Myeong Gyo,Jin, Suhyun,Lee, Joon-Hwa,Ahn, Ji Hoon Oxford University Press 2016 Journal of experimental botany Vol.67 No.15

<P>MicroRNAs originate from primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) containing hairpin structures. Plant pri-miRNAs have highly variable structures and little is known about the information encoded in their secondary structures. Arabidopsis miR156 is an ambient temperature-responsive miRNA and plays an important role in regulating flowering time. To identify the structural determinants for miR156 processing, we analyzed the effects of mutations introduced in the upper stem of pri-miR156a on its temperature-dependent processing and flowering time. The levels of pri-miR156a and mature miR156 were opposite at different temperatures. Mutations in the upper stem, especially the region closer to the miR156a/miR156a* duplex, reduced miR156 processing at 23 °C and 16 °C and caused a less severe phenotype compared with the un-mutated construct. Mutation in the second stem near the first cleavage site of pri-miR156a affected miR156 processing at 23 °C, but not at 16 °C. This was also seen in pri-miR172a, another ambient temperature-responsive miRNA. Replacement of the upper stem of pri-miR156a with that of pri-miR172a severely affected miR156 processing and flowering time. These results suggested that the upper stem of pri-miR156a is important for miR156 processing at different temperatures. In particular, the second stem adjacent to the first cleavage site plays a role in the regulation of ambient temperature-responsive flowering.</P>

Correlated Electrical and Optical Studies of Hybrid Argon Gas–Water Plasmas and their Application to Tooth Whitening

Kim, Myoung Soo,Koo, Il Gyo,Choi, Myeong Yeol,Jung, Jae‐,Chul,Eldali, Fathala,Lee, Jae Koo,Collins, George J. WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Plasma Processes and Polymers Vol.9 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Radio frequency (RF) driven hybrid gas–water plasma for tooth whitening was developed and the plasma chemical reactions with de‐ionized (DI) water were studied. Plasma operating conditions, such as RF input power and argon flow rate were correlated with plasma lengths. The operation of hybrid gas–water plasma changed both the electrical conductivity and pH concentration of the DI water. OH and H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> densities were measured to determine the dominant species generated by plasma. The major chemical reaction pathways and known rate constants are given in support of the analysis of major chemical reaction pathways. Finally, we demonstrated that the hybrid gas–water configuration achieved porcine tooth whitening.</P>