정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

A Study on the legal aspects of foreign investments in Korea

Kim, Doo Hwan金斗煥 숭실대학교 법학연구소 1993 法學論叢 Vol.6 No.-

An Improved Speech Processing Strategy for Cochlear Implants Based on an Active Nonlinear Filterbank Model of the Biological Cochlea

Kim $^$, Kyung Hwan,Choi, Sung Jin,Kim, Jin Ho,Kim, Doo Hee IEEE 2009 IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Vol.56 No.3

<P>The purpose of this study was to improve the speech processing strategy for cochlear implants (CIs) based on a nonlinear time-varying filter model of a biological cochlea. The level-dependent frequency response characteristic of the basilar membrane is known to produce robust formant representation and speech perception in noise. A dual resonance nonlinear (DRNL) model was adopted because it is simpler than other adaptive nonlinear models of the basilar membrane and can be readily incorporated into the CI speech processor. Spectral analysis showed that formant information is more saliently represented at the output of the proposed CI speech processor compared to the conventional strategy in noisy conditions. Acoustic simulation and hearing experiments showed that the DRNL-based nonlinear strategy improves speech performance in a speech-spectrum-shaped noise.</P>

수출입 컨테이너 장치장 배정을 위한 소프트웨어의 개발

김갑환,김홍배,홍봉희,김기영,배종욱,최진오,김두열,이영기,박영만,박강태,손행대 한국경영과학회 1995 經營 科學 Vol.12 No.3

The Pusan Container Terminal faces a rapid increase in berthing time of container ships as well as in waiting time of external trucks, which is due to an absolute lack of yard space. This research is focused on the development of a decision support system for the planning of the container terminal yard assignment so that the yard space would be utilized most effectively. Efforts should be given to the reasonable assignment of the yard storage and the dynamic adaptation to the ever changing environment. The software introduced here is based o the know-how of the field exports and its framework takes the approach of the hierarchical decision making.

안근성 중증근무력증이 동반된 갑상선 기능항진증의 임상상 : Report of Six Cases

서지영,김두만,김현규,최철수,임성희,유재명,최문기,유형준,박성우,김형철,송홍기,김덕환 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5

공여신 직출후의 잔류신기능에 대한 고찰

杜歡祐,閔準基,金榮坤,朴泳炅 全北大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.41 No.-

One hundred patients who underwent uninephrectomy for kidney donation between 1989 and 1996 have been checked the changes of renal function before and after donor nephrectomy Follow up periods after uninephrectomy were postoperative 7days, 1year and 4years. Mean blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) before nephrectomy was 115.8±9.2/ 74.3±7.2 mmHg and that of the last reading was 114.9±12.7/ 75.0±9.8 mmHg. The current creatinine clearance of the donors was 78±4 ml/min. The 7days, 1year and 4years after nephrectomy percentage of predonation creatinine clearance were 73±3%, 77±2% and 79±3%, respectively. The 24-hr urine protein excretion in kidney donors was significantly higher after nephrectomy than before nephrectomy (52.1±11.2 mg/day VS. 178±25.6 mg/day). In conclusion, this long-term study of kidney donors shows no adverse effect on blood pressure and renal function after many years of compensatory hyperfiltration.

교량의 하중실험과 과하중 확률계산을 통한 내하력 평가 에 대한 연구

김두환,유창욱 서울産業大學校 2005 논문집 Vol.54 No.2

We are currently conducting the static and dynamic load test for evaluating bridge loading carrying capacity. Using the rating factors, there are many attempts to make a connection between rating factors and probability concept. In this paper, the probability of overload is computed to apply Monte-Carlo Simulation by using live load from WIM. And new rate of bridge inspection is evaluated by the. probability of overload and visual inspection.

Polystyrene/Polyisoprene 블렌드의 상평형도

김진환,이승욱,지호진,이두성 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1993 論文集 Vol.44 No.1

저분자량의 Polystyrene(PS)과 Polyisoprene(PI)로 이루워진 블렌드의 여러 조성에서의 cloud point를 본 실험실에서 제작한 광산란장치를 사용하여 실험적으로 측정하여 PS/PPI 블렌드의 상평형도를 구하였다. 실험에 사용한 PS의 중량평균분자량(Mw)은 2514이었고 PI의 Mw은 각각 2700과 5800이었다. Flory-Huggins 격자이론에 바탕을 둔 interaction energy density(IED)를 온도와 조성 의존성이 포함된 식으로 정의하고, 그에 따른 상평형방정식들을 유도하고, 유도한 binodal 곡선과 실험치를 비교하여 비선형회귀법에 의하여 IED를 결정하고, 이를 사용하여 이론적인 binodal과 spinodal 곡선을 구하였다. 또한, 본 연구에서 구한 IED와 문헌에 보고된 값을 비교검토하여 정확한 IED의 결정이 중요함과 IED의 온도, 조성 및 분자량 의존성을 논의하였다. The phase diagram of the Polystyrene (PS)/Polyisoprene(PI) blend was constructed experimentally by measuring the cloud points using the light scattering apparatus. For this purpose, one PS and two PIs were employed whose molecular weights were low enough to make the experimental determinations possible. The weight-average molecular weight(Mw) of PS was 2514, and Ms of two PIs were 2700 and 5800. Interaction energy density(IED) of the Flory-Huggins lattice theory was defined as a function of temperature and composition, and the consequent equations for the binodal, spinodal, and critical points were derived. By fitting the experimental binodal points to the derived binodal curve with a nonlinear regression method, the expression for the IED was determined. And the expression for the IED obtained from this study was compared with those reported in the literatures. Also were discussed the importance of accuracy in the expression the IED, and the IED's dependency on the temperature, composition and molecular weights.

배합비에 따른 교면 포장용 콘크리트의 피로 특성에 관한 연구

김두환,백경수 서울産業大學校 2005 논문집 Vol.54 No.2

The bridge-decks surfacing is the object to secure trafficability and to protect bridge face from impact load of traffic volume and other external conditions. But the deformation of pavements and cracks happen due to the damage of the bridge-decks surfacing from the increase of the traffic, short maintenance period and continuous vibration of bridge. It is necessary to various materials of the bridge-decks surfacing and design of durability and environmental influence because of the various format of bridge design. This test is to make the 3-type high performance concrete that has different mixing ratio and is added the blast furnace slag, fly ash and silica respectively, and to compare 3-type high performance concrete of normal high strength concrete of 400kgf/cm² strength through the static loading test and fatigue test. And test specimen is united floor slab and pavement for the durability of bridge. As a result of this study, it is acquired that high performance concrete has more high ultimate load and lower strain and crack width than normal high strength concrete about 40% in the static loading test, and high performance concrete has more lower deflection and crack than normal high strength concrete in over one million recycled loading in fatigue test. It is concluded that mixing ratio has influence on sufficient load carrying capacity resistance of crack.

항공기 착륙장치의 충격흡수특성해석

김두만,임경호,황재혁,이환규 한국항공대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

본 연구를 통하여 항공기 착륙장치의 거동(동특성 및 완충기 효율)을 해석하고 평가하는 Software를 개발하엿다. 이 프로그램을 개발하기 위해 착륙장치를 2개의 자유도를 가지는 동역학시스템으로 모델링하고 운동방정식을 유도하였다. 또한 완충기에 작용하는 내력(즉 공기력, orifice force, friction force)을 표현하는 관계식을 정립하였으며, 타이어의 힘을 표현하는 관계식을 유도하였다. 그리고 운동방정식에는 타이어의 Spin Up운동도 고려되었다. 선정된 항공기의 착륙장치의 Parameter의 값을 프로그램의 입력 Data로 사용했을 때 매우 신뢰할 만한 동특성의 결과를 얻었으며, 특히 Drop Test 결과와 본 연구에서 개발된 Software에서 얻어진 결과를 비교했을 때 매우 흡사한 결과를 얻었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 Software는 앞으로 국산화되는 착륙장치의 개발 및 설계에 매우 유용하게 사용될 것으로 판단된다. 또한 본 연구에서 사용된 입력 Data중 중요한 10개의 Parameter를 선정하여, 각 Parsmeter를 변화시키면서 착륙장치의 동특성 및 효율의 변화를 고찰해 보았다. 완충기 설계시 가장 중요한 Parameter들은 K-factor, Orifice 단면적 등과 같은 완충기의 변수로 사료되며, 타이어의 변수 T??이나 b는 중요한 변수가 아님을 확인하였다. 또한 항공기의 무게 W, Wheel/Tire의 무게, 완충기의 초기 공기압 P??, 항공역학계수 A도 착륙장치의 효율에는 크게 영향을 미치지 않고 있음을 고찰하였다. 그러나 공기실의 Politropic 지수 n, 항공기의 수직착륙속도 V는 착륙장치의 효융에 Non-Monotonic하게 영향을 미치는 것을 고찰하였다. The software which analysis and evaluate the dynamic characteristics of an landing gear has been developed in this study. The landing gear system has been modelled to be 2 DOF dynamic system to drive the equation of motion. The three internal forces, which are air pressure force, orifice force, and friction force, has been formulated and also the tire force has been formulated and also the tire force has been derived. When the typical values of the design parameters is applied to the developed software, the reliable results of the dynamic characteristics are obtained. Furthermore there is a good agreement between the simulation results and experimental drop test extracted from relevant literatures. It can be concluded that the developed software will be useful for the design and development of a landing gear system inside Korea.