Vapor transport deposited tin monosulfide for thin-film solar cells: effect of deposition temperature and duration

Lee, Dajeong,Cho, Jae Yu,Yun, Hee-Sun,Lee, Doh-Kwon,Kim, Taehoon,Bang, Kijoon,Lee, Yun Seog,Kim, Ho-Young,Heo, Jaeyeong Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.7 No.12

<P>The influence of the vapor transport deposition (VTD) conditions of tin sulfide (SnS) on the formation of secondary phases, preferred orientation, and solar cell performance is investigated in this study. It is concluded that 600 °C is the optimal growth temperature for the formation of pure SnS absorbers. When the growth temperature was 550 °C, the formation of secondary Sn2S3 and SnS2 phases was detected by Raman analysis. When the growth temperature was 625 °C, a noticeable change in morphology was observed with the plate-shaped grains aligned vertically to the substrate, which is detrimental to solar cell performance. The duration of growth also affected the morphology of the SnS absorber. Thin absorbers exhibited strong (120) preferred orientation. With increased duration of growth, (101) and (111) orientations increased. Such a variation in preferred orientation influenced the SnS/CdS solar cell’s performance. When the absorber thickness was as thin as ∼0.7 μm, the cell was prone to shunting and severe series resistance. When the absorber was as thick as ∼3.0 μm, physical shunting prevailed, worsening the performance of the cell. The highest efficiency of 3.93% with good cell-to-cell uniformity was achieved when the absorber thickness was ∼1.2 μm. The good stability of the best device was also confirmed under continuous illumination and damp-heat conditions for 100 h.</P>

실험실 GC-MS를 이용한 사고대비물질 분석방법 연구

김기준(Kijoon Kim),이진선(Jinseon Lee),이수영(Suyeong Lee),황승률(Seungryul Hwang),김영희(Younghee Kim),석광설(Gwangseol Seok) 한국분석과학회 2013 분석과학 Vol.26 No.1

Confined growth of high-quality single crystal MAPbBr3 by inverse temperature crystallization for photovoltaic applications

Taehoon Kim,Young Ho Chu,Jieun Lee,Seong Ho Cho,Seongheon Kim,Kijoon Bang,Hyunjoon Lee,Changhyun Lim,Yun Seog Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2021 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.17 No.4

Organic–inorganic hybrid halide perovskite solar cells are promising for next-generation thin-fi lm solar cells, demonstratingpower conversion effi ciency exceeding 25%. In particular, single-crystal perovskite materials are estimated to possess superioroptoelectronic properties that can further enhance the effi ciency. However, fabricating thin single-crystal perovskite for a lightabsorberlayer remains challenging. In this study, a 40-μm-thick single-crystalline MAPbBr 3 perovskite is fabricated by inversetemperature crystallization (ITC) with a selective seed-transfer technique. By using a separate seed growth process and a seedtransferprocess, a 16.23-mm 2 -large single domain high-quality single-crystalline MAPbBr 3 perovskite can be grown withoutadditional nucleation. The grown single-crystal MAPbBr 3 exhibits a low surface roughness of 0.51 nm and low trap density of7.61 × 10 8 cm −3 . We also fabricate solar cells with single-crystalline MAPbBr 3 using a glass substrate coated with SnO 2 andindium-tin-oxide thin fi lms. The single-crystal MAPbBr 3 -based solar cells demonstrate a power conversion effi ciency of 4.31%.

Microstructure and superconductivity of MgB2 single crystals

Kijoon H. P. Kim,강병원,Kyung Hee Kim,Hyun-Sook Lee,이성익,N. Tamura,W. A. Caldwell,J. R. Patel,정창욱 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.2-4

The hexagonal-disc-shaped MgB2 single crystals were synthesized under the high-pressure conditions. The crystal symmetry,lattice constants as well as the Laue pattern of these single crystals were obtained from X-ray micro-diraction. A crystallographic mapping showed that the edge and thec-axis of hexagonal-disc shape exactly matched the [10.10] and [001] directions of theMgB2 phase. This clearly conrmed that above well-shaped single crystals could be excellent samples to study the unsolved direction dependencies of the physical properties.

Effects of multiple herb formula SEC-22 supplementation on dietary intake, picky eating behaviors, and growth indices in thin preschool children

Kijoon Kim,Joonsuk Lee,Hee Young Paik,Jihyun Yoon,Bongha Ryu,Jae Eun Shim 대한지역사회영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.5 No.6

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Thin children may have insufficient intake of energy and nutrients, resulting in reduced immune function and growth. This study aimed to identify the effects of multiple herb formula SEC-22 supplementation on growth, dietary changes, and picky eating behaviors in thin children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 79 children aged 2-5 years with poor appetites, BMI percentile < 25, and without any illness. Subjects were given either SEC-22 (n = 35) or placebo (n = 44) for 2 months and followed for an additional 2 months. Three-day dietary records, questionnaires on picky eating behaviors, and anthropometric measures were collected. RESULTS: Energy, carbohydrate intake, and feeding difficulty improved in both groups during the intervention period. However, changes were maintained only in the SEC-22 group after 2 months of follow-up post-supplementation. ‘Frequency of trying to feed’ was improved in the SEC-22 group compared to the placebo group after the first month of follow-up (P < 0.05). Intakes of potassium and thiamine were improved in the SEC-22 group compared to the placebo group after the first month of intervention (P < 0.05). ‘Frequency of food reward’, eating amount, and intakes of carbohydrate, potassium, and vitamin C showed significant improvement compared to the placebo group after the second month of follow-up (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that SEC-22 supplementation can improve parental feeding difficulty resulting from insufficient eating amount or picky eating as well as increase nutrient intake in thin children. Although these improvements were observable at least 2 months after supplementation, effects beyond this time frame need to be confirmed.

Effects of multiple herb formula SEC-22 supplementation on dietary intake, picky eating behaviors, and growth indices in thin preschool children

Kijoon Kim,Joonsuk Lee,Hee Young Paik,Jihyun Yoon,Bongha Ryu,Jae Eun Shim 한국영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Thin children may have insufficient intake of energy and nutrients, resulting in reduced immune function and growth. This study aimed to identify the effects of multiple herb formula SEC-22 supplementation on growth, dietary changes, and picky eating behaviors in thin children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 79 children aged 2-5 years with poor appetites, BMI percentile < 25, and without any illness. Subjects were given either SEC-22 (n = 35) or placebo (n = 44) for 2 months and followed for an additional 2 months. Three-day dietary records, questionnaires on picky eating behaviors, and anthropometric measures were collected. RESULTS: Energy, carbohydrate intake, and feeding difficulty improved in both groups during the intervention period. However, changes were maintained only in the SEC-22 group after 2 months of follow-up post-supplementation. ‘Frequency of trying to feed’ was improved in the SEC-22 group compared to the placebo group after the first month of follow-up (P < 0.05). Intakes of potassium and thiamine were improved in the SEC-22 group compared to the placebo group after the first month of intervention (P < 0.05). ‘Frequency of food reward’, eating amount, and intakes of carbohydrate, potassium, and vitamin C showed significant improvement compared to the placebo group after the second month of follow-up (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that SEC-22 supplementation can improve parental feeding difficulty resulting from insufficient eating amount or picky eating as well as increase nutrient intake in thin children. Although these improvements were observable at least 2 months after supplementation, effects beyond this time frame need to be confirmed.

딥러닝 기반의 PCB 부품 문자인식을 위한 코어 셋 구성

강수명(Su Myung Gang),이준재(Joon Jae Lee) 한국멀티미디어학회 2021 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.24 No.3

조직공정성이 직무열의와 조직침묵에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

박기준 ( Kijoon Park ),이영균 ( Young Gyun Lee ) 단국대학교 융합사회연구소(구 단국대학교 사회과학연구소) 2020 공공정책과 국정관리 Vol.14 No.2

조직에서 구성원이 업무활동과 관련하여 공정성의 지각은 자신의 태도 및 행태에 많은 영향을 미친다. 이와 관련하여 본 연구는 조직구성원들이 지각하는 공정성이 담당직무에 대한 열의와 조직침묵에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지의 분석을 통해 정책적 시사점을 탐색하고자 한다. 이에 본 연구는 R공기업에 근무하는 재직자를 대상으로 설문조사 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 정책적 시사점을 찾을 수 있었다. 첫째, 조직공정성의 하위변수인 분배공정성과 상호작용공정성은 직무열의에 높은 긍정적 영향, 반면에 절차공정성은 직무열의에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이점에서 관리자들은 직원들의 인사관리시스템, 업적평가 및 보상근거와 관련된 절차의 일관성과 관련한 공정성을 체계적으로 진단할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 조직공정성의 하위변수인 상호작용공정성은 조직침묵에 높은 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 분배공정성과 절차공정성은 조직침묵에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인할 수 있었다. 이 분석결과, 상호작용공정성이 조직생활에서 자신의 업무개선 및 변화와 관련한 아이디어와 정책적 대안제시에 연관된 침묵을 해소하는데 도움을 준다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이점에서 관리자들은 상호작용공정성과 관련한 업무상황을 정기적으로 점검함으로써 구성원들의 침묵행위를 낮출 수 있을 것이다. Perceptions of justice in relation to business activities by members within an organization have a great influence on their attitudes and behaviors. In this regard, this study seeks to explore policy implications through an analysis of how organizational justice perceived by members of an organization affects engagement for the job in charge and organizational silence. Therefore, in this research, as a result of the questionnaire survey analysis for the incumbents working for R public enterprises, the following policy implications could be found. First, interaction justice and distributional justice, which is a sub-variable of organizational justices, has a high positive effect on job engagement, while procedural justice has no statistically significant effect on job engagement. In this regard, managers need to systematically diagnose employee's personnel management systems, performance assessments and compensation rationale and related procedures and associated fairness. Second, we confirm that sub-variable interaction justice of organizational justice has a high negative impact on organizational silence, and that distributional justice and procedural justice do not have a statistically significant effect on organizational silence. As a result of this analysis, it was confirmed that interaction justice helps to eliminate the silence associated with presenting ideas and policy alternatives for improving and changing one's work in organizational life. The manager can reduce the silence of members by regularly inspecting the status of work related to interaction fairness.

Effects of multiple herb formula SEC-22 supplementation on dietary intake, picky eating behaviors, and growth indices in thin preschool children

Kim, Kijoon,Lee, Joonsuk,Paik, Hee Young,Yoon, Jihyun,Ryu, Bongha,Shim, Jae Eun The Korean Nutrition Society 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Thin children may have insufficient intake of energy and nutrients, resulting in reduced immune function and growth. This study aimed to identify the effects of multiple herb formula SEC-22 supplementation on growth, dietary changes, and picky eating behaviors in thin children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 79 children aged 2-5 years with poor appetites, BMI percentile < 25, and without any illness. Subjects were given either SEC-22 (n = 35) or placebo (n = 44) for 2 months and followed for an additional 2 months. Three-day dietary records, questionnaires on picky eating behaviors, and anthropometric measures were collected. RESULTS: Energy, carbohydrate intake, and feeding difficulty improved in both groups during the intervention period. However, changes were maintained only in the SEC-22 group after 2 months of follow-up post-supplementation. 'Frequency of trying to feed' was improved in the SEC-22 group compared to the placebo group after the first month of follow-up (P < 0.05). Intakes of potassium and thiamine were improved in the SEC-22 group compared to the placebo group after the first month of intervention (P < 0.05). 'Frequency of food reward', eating amount, and intakes of carbohydrate, potassium, and vitamin C showed significant improvement compared to the placebo group after the second month of follow-up (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that SEC-22 supplementation can improve parental feeding difficulty resulting from insufficient eating amount or picky eating as well as increase nutrient intake in thin children. Although these improvements were observable at least 2 months after supplementation, effects beyond this time frame need to be confirmed.

복합생약추출물(SEC-33)이 마른 체형 소아의 호흡기 면역력, 식이섭취 및 성장발육에 미치는 효능

김기준(Kijoon Kim),이준석(Joonsuk Lee),백희영(Hee Young Paik),류봉하(Bongha Ryu),심재은(Jae Eun Shim) 동아시아식생활학회 2019 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.29 No.4

Thin children suffering from frequent respiratory infection may have an inadequate intake of energy and nutrients, and the final result can be stunted growth. In this study, we identified the effects of multiple herb formula SEC-33 supplementation on the dietary changes, respiratory immunity, and growth of thin children who suffer from frequent respiratory infections. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 67 children (aged 2∼5 years) with a poor appetite and a BMI percentile below 25 and they had chronic rhinitis or a common cold more than four times per year. The subjects were given either SEC-33 (n=39) or placebo (n=28) for 2 months and then they were followed for an additional 2 months. Three-day dietary records, records of respiratory illness and anthropometric measures were collected. The protein intake was greater in the SEC-33 supplementation group compared to that of the placebo group after the second month of follow-up (p<0.05). The intake of iron and niacin in the SEC-33 supplementation group was greater than that in the placebo group during the whole study period (p<0.05). The intake of the meat/fish/eggs/beans food group was improved in the SEC-33 supplementation group from the second month of intervention and during the whole period of follow-up (p<0.05). The intake of the vegetable food group was improved in the SEC-33 supplementation group during the follow-up period (p<0.05). We also found that mean duration of respiratory infection decreased in the SEC-33 supplementation group after the second month of follow-up (p<0.05), which means that SEC-33 has a delayed beneficial effect on the respiratory immune system. The childrens weight and BMI were improved compared to baseline during the whole study period. These results suggest that SEC-33 supplementation could improve the respiratory immune system and growth as well as the nutrient intake in thin children who suffer from a frequent respiratory infection. Although these improvements were observable for at least 2 months after supplementation, further study is warranted to confirm that these effects might extend beyond this limited time frame.