Ki-67 Expression Gives Additional Prognostic Information on St. Gallen 2007 and Adjuvant! Online Risk Categories in Early Breast Cancer

Jung, So-Youn,Han, Wonshik,Lee, Jong Won,Ko, Eunyoung,Kim, Eunkyu,Yu, Jong-Han,Moon, Hyeong-Gon,Park, In Ae,Oh, Do-Youn,Im, Seock-Ah,Kim, Tae-You,Hwang, Ki-Tae,Kim, Sung-Won,Noh, Dong-Young Springer - Society of Surgical Oncology 2009 Annals of Surgical Oncology Vol.16 No.5

비강 및 비인두에 발생한 도립유두종과 편평상피암종의 p53단백 및 세포증식능에 관한 연구

한주호,윤기중,이재규,신대균,박근호,조향정,문형배 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1996 圓光醫科學 Vol.12 No.2

The inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma are common neoplasia in the sinonasal cavity and nasopharynx, but the incidence of these tumors are very low and the study on the oncogenesis or biological activity of the tumor cells are not well known. This study was designed to evaluate the oncogenic roles of the p53 gene and the proliferative activity of the tumor cells in the inflammatory polyp, inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma. The experiment was carried by the immunohistochemical stains about the p53 protein, PCNA and Ki-67, histochemical stain about the AgNORs. and flow cytometric analysis about the DNA ploidy using the formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues. The frequency of the expression of p53 protein was 0%(0/16 cases) in the inflammatory polyps, 18.8% (3/16 cases) in the inverted papillomas, and 87.5%(14/16 cases) in the squamous cell carcinomas. The labelling index(%) of the PCNA and Ki-67 was 5.3% and 3.3% in the inflammatoy polyps, 29.6% and 25.2% in the inverted papillomas, and 51.9% and 36.8% in the squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of the PCNA and Ki-67 was distributed in the periphery of the tumor islands of the inverted papilloma and was distributed in the both of center and periphery of the tumor islands of the squamous cell carcinoma. The number of nuclear AgNORs was increased in the order of inflammatory polyps (0.96), inverted papillomas(1.34) and squamous cell carcinoma(2.09). The frequency of the DNA aneuploidy was 0%(0/16 cases) in the inflammatory polyps, 18.8%(3/16 cases) in the inverted papillomas. and 12.5%(2/16 cases) in the squamous cell carcinomas. Above results indicates that the changes of the p53 gene and proliferative activity of the tumor cells are involved on the oncogenesis and the biological activity of the inverted papilloma or squamous cell carcinoma in the nasopharynx and sinonasa cavity.

Benzyl Isothiocyanate Inhibits Prostate Cancer Development in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) Model, Which Is Associated with the Induction of Cell Cycle G1 Arrest

Cho, Han Jin,Lim, Do Young,Kwon, Gyoo Taik,Kim, Ji Hee,Huang, Zunnan,Song, Hyerim,Oh, Yoon Sin,Kang, Young-Hee,Lee, Ki Won,Dong, Zigang,Park, Jung Han Yoon MDPI 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.17 No.2

<P>Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is a hydrolysis product of glucotropaeolin, a compound found in cruciferous vegetables, and has been shown to have anti-tumor properties. In the present study, we investigated whether BITC inhibits the development of prostate cancer in the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. Five-week old, male TRAMP mice and their nontransgenic littermates were gavage-fed with 0, 5, or 10 mg/kg of BITC every day for 19 weeks. The weight of the genitourinary tract increased markedly in TRAMP mice and this increase was suppressed significantly by BITC feeding. H and E staining of the dorsolateral lobes of the prostate demonstrated that well-differentiated carcinoma (WDC) was a predominant feature in the TRAMP mice. The number of lobes with WDC was reduced by BITC feeding while that of lobes with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia was increased. BITC feeding reduced the number of cells expressing Ki67 (a proliferation marker), cyclin A, cyclin D1, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2 in the prostatic tissue. <I>In vitro</I> cell culture results revealed that BITC decreased DNA synthesis, as well as CDK2 and CDK4 activity in TRAMP-C2 mouse prostate cancer cells. These results indicate that inhibition of cell cycle progression contributes to the inhibition of prostate cancer development in TRAMP mice treated with BITC.</P>

Focal adhesion kinase and src expression in premalignant and malignant skin lesions

( Ju Yeon Choi ),( Jae Yun Lim ),( Han Saem Kim ),( Jung Min ),( Jung In Kim ),( Hyun Min Seo ),( Sang Hyeon Hwang ),( Chong Won Choi ),( Yoon Hwan Kim ),( Jin Hee Sohn ),( Hyunjoo Lee ),( Won Serk Ki 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2

Background: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src are non-receptor tyrosine kinases. FAK and Src play a critical role in inducing malignant transformation in tumor cells. Objectives: We performed immunohistochemical staining for total and phosphorylated forms of FAK and Src, to evaluate the role of FAK and Src in the development of premalignant and malignant skin lesions. Methods: A total of 59 facial skin samples (30 actinic keratoses, 10 Bowen``s diseases, 13 squamous cell carcinomas and six perilesional skins) were immunohistochemically stained for Ki-67, total (t) and phosphorylated (p) form of FAK and Src. Methods: A total of 59 facial skin samples (30 actinic keratoses, 10 Bowen``s diseases, 13 squamous cell carcinomas and six perilesional skins) were immunohistochemically stained for Ki-67, total (t) and phosphorylated (p) form of FAK and Src. Results: Cells positive for t-Src, p-Src-y530, t-FAK and pFAK-s722 were detected in premalignant intra-epithelial lesions (PELs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), but not in the perilesional skin. There was a tendency towards high correlation between Ki-67 and t-FAK or pFAK-s722, suggestive of the active role of FAK in cell proliferation. Conclusion: Our findings of higher t-Src and p-Src-y530 positive cells in PELs, as compared to SCCs (with higher Ki-67 level), are suggestive of the other role of Src in tumor formation and progression, which requires further investigation.

Tetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids가 쥐의 동맥과 뇌균등질의 α-Adrenoceptors에 미치는 영향

이현석,백선하,황수현,박인성,김은상,정진명,한종우,장기철,장기철 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.1

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

通度寺 進入空間을 통해서 본 傳統景觀의 現代的 受容에 관한 考察

鄭基浩,韓炳權,全美璟 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1992 論文集 Vol.43 No.1

Traditional landscapes were effected on the characteristics of nature and culture and have created distinct landscapes, while todays such attributes are becoming obscure as technology. In aspect of the contermperary applications of traditional landscapes, the cognitive qualities of observers was researched, which is about the components of entrance space in Tongdo Teple by phenomenological approach. The results of this can be summarized as follows : 1. Old components were not perceived and effected on the behavior of observers. 2. Cognitive qualities were varied from the attributes of space in and out. 3. Artificial features that related to contemporary life were perceived easily. As there were old and contemporary features to gether, the existence of old things is to be obscure relatively.

상승된 경악반응으로 측정한 조건화된 공포에 대한 다이아제팜, 로라제팜, 요힘빈의 영향

한정수,김재일,김기석 한국심리학회 1997 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.3 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 조직화된 공포를 측정하는 상승된 경악반응 모델을 이용해 벤조나이아제핀 수용기에 작용하는 약물인 다이아제팜, 로라제팜과 알파2-아드레날린 수용기에 작용하여 중추신경계에서 노에피네플린을 증가시키는 요힘빈이 공포의 발현에 어떠한 역할을 하는지, 그리고 다이아제팜, 로라제팜을 투여전, 요힘빈 투여가 상승된 경악반응에 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 알아보고자 한다. 조건자극(빛)과 무조건자극(전기충격: 1.0㎃)을 이틀간 20번 짝지워 제시한 후, 그 다음날 경악반응 측정전에 여섯집단에 식염수(0.1cc/㎏), 다이아제팜(1.25㎎/㎏), 로라제팜(1.25㎎/㎏), 요힘빈(0.25㎎/㎏), 다이아제팜과 요힘빈, 로라제팜과 요힘빈을 투여했다. 식염수를 투여받은 동물들은 빛과 경악자극(강한 소리자극) 제시시 경악자극만을 제시한 경우보다 높은 경악반응을 보였지만, 상승된 경악반응은 요힘빈을 투여한 동물보다 낮았다. 다이아제팜, 로라제팜과 이 약물들을 요힘빈과 함께 투여한 집단들은 상승된 경악반응을 보이지 않았다. 이 결과로 보아, 요힘빈은 중추신경계에 작용하는 노에피네플린을 증가시켜 공포의 발현을 촉진시키는 반면 다이아제팜과 로라제팜은 공포의 발현을 억제하고 이들 약물의 사전처치는 요힘빈의 촉진효과을 적지함을 알 수 있다. This study was conducted to examine whether diazepam and lorazepam acting on benzodiazepine receptors have any effect on the expression of fear in potentiated startle, whether or not yohimbine which acts in α2-adrenergic receptors and increases norepinphine in central nervous system have any role, and how pretreatment of diazepam or lorazepam influences the yohimbine's effect. Ten conitioning trials, in which light was paired with shock(1.0㎃), were presented on each of two successive training days, and on the following day each of six groups were injected respectively saline(0.1cc/㎏), diazepam(1.25㎎/㎏), lorazepam(1.25㎎/㎏), yohimbine(0.25㎎/㎏), yohimbine after diazepam, and yohimbine after lorazepam before measuring the startle responses. Results showed that the saline-injected animals exhibit higher startle response than only in the presence of startle stimulus(intense auditory stimulus) when they were presented light and startle stimulus, but the response magnitude was less than that of yohimbine-injected animals. For diazepam group, lorazepam group, and yohimbine-added group, the animals did not show potentiated startle response. Taken together, yohimbine increases norepinephine in central nervous system and elicits fear easily while diazepam and lorazepam inhibit fear.

액정유체의 압력 유도 흐름에서의 분자 배향과 속도 분포

한원희,조정호,전종기,노상균,고승태 동양대학교 2001 동양대학교 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구에서는 액정의 압력 유도 흐름에 대해 적응성 토크 균형식과 코시 운동량보존식을 액정 연속체 이론의 핵심이 되는 Leslie-Ericksen 이론에 적용하여 수치해석 방법들로 풀어내었다.비선형 편미분 방정식계의 해를 구할 때 경계조건으로 쓰인 분자 배향닻 조건은 평행 닻조건(parallel anchoring)과 직교 닻조건(homeotropic anchoring)이다.분자 배향 분포는 평행 닻조건에서나 직교 닻조건에서나 시간이 지남에 따라 간단한 전단 흐름에서와 같이 3차원 비평판 배향의 구조를 갖게되지만 배향 비틀림의 구조가 다름을 알 수 있었다.배향 비틀링의 3차원적 구조를 갖게됨에 따라 압력 구배가 걸리는 흐름방향의 주 속도 분포뿐만 아니라 직교되는 방향으로 부 속도분포가 생기며 정상상태로 발전해가는 속도 분포 진화는 점근적이 아닌 진동적이다.비정상상태에서나 정상상태에서 속도 분포는 비 뉴톤성임을 알 수 있다.비등방성 Miesowicz 점도 순열에 따른 평행 닻조건에서의 더 많은 흐름량을 볼수 있고 직교 닻조건에서는 벽면에서 보이는 작은 속도 구배량의 특징을 가진다.

당뇨병환자에서 뇨증 Fibronectin농도의 증가에 관한 연구

한승범,조준승,손건영,서성문,박근용,조성래,박규영,박정모,이인규,여준기 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1994 계명의대학술지 Vol.13 No.4

Plasma fibronectin is an α₂-glyoprotein, which is produced by vascular endothelial cells. Raised level of plasma fibronectin has been observed in diabetic patients particularly in the presence of microvascular complications. However, no available data exist about urine level of this glycoprotein in diabetic patients. We measured urine fibronectin level by ELISA methods in 54 diabetic patients who have microvascular comlications or not. The following results were obtained. 1) Urine fibronectin level(㎍/g creatinine) in diabetic group(1740.0±678.0) is increased compaired with those in normal control group(471.0±59.0). but this results were not significantly different among two groups(P>0.05). 2) Urine fibronectin level(㎍/g creatinine) was significantly increased in patients with nephropathy (6188.0±3144.0) compared with those in normal control group(471.0±59.0) and patients without nephropathy(645.0±251.0)(P<0.001). 3) There were a significant correlation between BUN, creatinine, creatinine clearance, 24hr urine total protein and urine fibronectin level in diabetic patients. Our data suggest that urine fibronectin excretion level might be used as a sensitive guide for diabectic nephropathy.