Representation of the Immigrants as Homo Sacer in Chang-rae Lee`s Native Speaker

( Bok Ki Lee ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2013 현대영어영문학 Vol.57 No.3

This paper aims to analyze Chang-rae Lee`s debut novel, Native Speaker, by using Giorgio Agamben`s analysis of sovereignty in relation to bare life, homo sacer. Homo sacer is a being on the threshold of nature and civilization, which the sovereignty draws a demarcation of citizenship on and derives the absolute power from. In reading of Native Speaker, we can realize that the status of the immigrants in the United States is not much better off than that of homo sacer, especially so in cases of the ``undocumented`` immigrants. In the large part of the novel, the English language is presented as a medium through which the power of the native English speakers flows. However, when the story of John Kwang is delivered, the readers can face the sovereign power which confirms its absoluteness. John Kwang ambitiously attempts to represent the unrepresentable being and transgress the boundary of small business within which Asian Americans are recognized as ``model citizens.`` The appearance of the INS instead of the Tax Office at the end of novel and John Kwang`s final exile illustrate the confirmation of sovereign power by banning homo sacer. (Chonbuk National University)

Ki - 1 임파종 1 예

강민모(Min Mo Kang),김경재(Kyoung Jae Kim),이지현(Ji Hyun Lee),최석문(Seog Mun Choi),안기성(Ki Sung Ahn),황기석(Kee Suk Whang),김용진(Yong Jin Kim),박재복(Jae Bok Park) 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.45 No.4

A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of fever with chillness and anarexia for 12 weeks. Physical examination revealed supraclavicular lymphadenopathy and left inguinal lymphadenopathy. Abdominal CT scan showed the evidence of maked lymphadenopathy on retraperitoneal, external iliac, obturator, left inguinal, and celiac lymph nodes. A pathologic diagnosis of Ki-1(+) lymphoma was made by the biopsed supraclavicular lymph node because the node consisted of large cells with pleomorphic nuclei, scanty cytoplasm, large basophilic nucleoli, atypical vacuoli and large cells were positive for leukocyte common antigen, Ber-H2, marker, and B-cell marker.

흰쥐 시상하부에서 NMDA에 의한 c-fos의 발현

이영기,최기열,이원돈,유영복,이왕재,황덕호,조사선,장가용 대한해부학회 1994 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.27 No.3

Identity and Trauma in Minjin Lee’s Pachinko

( Bingjie Liu ),( Bok-ki Lee ) 21세기영어영문학회 2023 영어영문학21 Vol.36 No.4

Minjin Lee’s Pachinko unravels the characters’ life trajectories, mirroring the evolution, impact, dissemination, healing, and reconciliation of a national trauma. This paper meticulously explores the origins and development of Noa’s second-generation trauma, meticulously tracing the journey that led to his eventual collapse and tragic suicide. Noa confronted both an anxiety crisis and a mourning crisis, plunging him into the abyss of an identity crisis. Concurrently, his adoption of Japanese mannerisms embodies a hybrid strategy, actively dismantling the theoretical foundations of discrimination against Zainichi Koreans in Japanese society. This process of deconstruction serves as a pivotal catalyst in the ultimate reconciliation of the national trauma

유기농 자재의 시용이 토양의 이화학적 성질과 상추, 가지의 생육 및 체내성분에 미치는 영향

이종성,김기영,황필성,오주성,정원복,정순재 동아대학교 2001 大學院論文集 Vol.26 No.-

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of microbial fertilizers on the application of organic farming materials in soil on growth and yields of leaf lettuce, eggplant. Three microbial fertilizers, Aika, Kalen-gold and EMRO-EM were used. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The effect of soil chemical properties after application organic arming materials, The amounts of pH, EC, P2O5 and O.M. treated all plot were few of change. 2. Change of soil microbial after application organic farming materials, The number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in N, P, K treated plot showed the increased tendency, to the contrary, The number of bacteria, actimycetes in Aika, kalen-gold and EMRO-EM treated plot showed the increased, The number of fungi showed the dicreased tendency 3. The application effects of Aika, Kalen-gold and EMRO-EM on the growth, yield and components of leaf lettuce and eggplant in comparison with chemical fertilizers plot was not a difference.

時變磁界 測定用 센서에 관한 硏究

이복희,백용현,박형기,정승수,전덕규 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1992 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.3 No.1

특별활동 부서 배정업무 자동화 시스템 구축

이진관,김귀복,박기홍 군산대학교 정보통신기술연구소 2000 情報通信技術硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-

This thesis tries to rule out the problems of the existing method in which teachers assigns students the club activity department respectively in manual manner. The proposed system assigns club activity department automatically on the web according to the students' application. And thus it reduces both time and cost spent in organizing, arranging and managing which characteristic provides teachers with a turning point in teaching- learning fields.

水盜作에서 親環境農業 定着을 위한 오리 및 왕우렁이 農法의 可能性 分析

이종성,김기영,황필성,오주성,정원복,정순재 동아대학교 농업생명과학연구소 2001 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.10 No.1

Concerns on use of excess amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide in current farming system turns both of the producer and consumer of agricultural products to an organic farming which use a less chemicals and more natural manure. Possibility Analysis of Pond-snail and Duck Faming for Environment-friendly Agriculture in paddy field. Depression effect of weed occurrence by pasture of 5kg of the Pond-snail(Ampullarius insularus) per 10a and the 7th day after transplanting. Optimum duck rasing density in rice paddy field was was 25~30 heads per 10a and ducks could be harvested three times in a year starting from 40 days after mature-seedling machine transplanting. The weed control rate of the duck raised paddy field was superior to the conventional agriculture. Yield per 10a of the duck raised and pond-snail(Ampullarius insularus) farming was inferior to conventional agriculture. The earnings of The Duck and Pond-snail farming realize a profit. From these results, it seems that the Organic farming are usefel and pasture of the Duck, Pond-snail(Ampullarius insularus) for depression of the weed occurrence is effective as the environmental perservation farming.

사회과 지역 탐구 교재 특성에 따른 효율적인 지도방법 탐색 : 국민학교 4학년을 중심으로

이기복 釜山敎育大學校 1995 부산교육대학 논문집 Vol.31 No.1

등교 거부 청소년의 환경 및 심리 상태

이소희,노경선,김창기,고복자 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.6

연구목적 : 본 연구는 다양한 원인에 의해서 일어난다고 알려져 있는 등교거부 청소년의 가족, 학교 생활 및 심리 상태를 평가하여 정상 대조군의 각 변이들과 비교하고자 하였다 방 법 : 1998년 5월부터 1999년 1월까지 본원을 방문한 등교거부 청소년 24명과 정상대조군을 대상으로 Parent Bonding Instrument, Index of Marital Satisfaction, Family Environment Scale을 사용하여 가족 기능을 평가하였고, 저자들이 고안한 척도를 사용하여 학업, 또래 교사와의 관계에서의 스트레스를 평가하였으며, Fear of Survey Schedule for Children-Revised(the Fear of Failure and Criticism Factor), Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression를 사용하여 두려움과 우울의 정도를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 등교거부자들을 비거부자보다 더 가족이 독립성과 성취을 추구한다고 느끼는 것으로 나타났고, 학교 관련 스트레스의 정도는 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었고, 우울 정도가 유의하게 더 높았다. 또 등교거부자는 학교에 가는 것과 방과 후 학교에 남는 것을 비거부자보다 유의하게 더 두려워 하고, 비거부자는 등교거부자보다 성적이 낮은 것과 시험에 실패하는 것을 유의하게 더 두려워 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결 론 : 저자들은 본 연구 결과를 통하여 등교거부자들이 어릴 때부터 과잉보호를 받거나 엄격한 부모에게서 성취 강요와 과잉 기대를 받아서 자존감과 유능감이 저하되어 결국 부모가 독립성과 성취를 요구하는 것으로 간주하게 되는 기전을 제시하고, 국내의 일반 청소년이 등교거부자 못지 않게 학교 스트레스가 많을 가능성과 등교거부자는 학교회피 기간이 길어지면서 학업성취 등을 포기함에 따라 오히려 스트레스가 높지 않을 가능성을 제시하였다. Objectives : School refusal can result from various causes ; temperament, familial influences, And school experiences have been identified. This study was to compare family, school and psychological functioning in school-refusing adolescents and non-refusing ones. Methods : Twenty-four school refusing outpatients aged 13-17 years were evaluated from May, 1998 to January, 1999. They completed self-report questionnaires, including parent Bonding Instrument, Family Environment Scale, Index of Marital Satisfaction, Scales for School-related Distress, Center-for Epidemiological Studies-Depression, The Failure and Criticism Factor of Fear Survey Schedule from Children-revised. Their scores were compared with nonrefusers. Results : The results were as follows : 1) School refusers perceived their family as more independence and achievement-oriented than nonrefusers. 2) School refusers did not differ significantly from nonrefusers in school-related distress. 3) School refusers had more depression than nonrefusers. 4) School refusers claimed more fear of having to go to school, and having to stay after school than nonrefusers. On the other hand, nonrefusers expressed greater apprehension about situations such as Being called on by the teacher, Getting poor grades, Failing a test, and Taking a test. Conclusion : The results suggested two postulated mechanisms of school refusals(overprotection and demanding of independence of parents)and possible causes of each result were discussed.