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Kaneko Hiroaki,Ishiwata Shin‐ichi,Bae Yeon Jae,Takamura‐Enya Takeji 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.5
Because of their early divergence in insect evolution, unique aquatic larval stage, and low dispersal ability, many mayfly species exhibit genetic structures that accurately reflect geological history and paleoclimatic changes. The present study investigated the genetic characteristics of Ecdyonurus yoshidae Takahashi (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), a mayfly that inhabits a variety of freshwater habitats in Japan. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequences were generated from 209 mayfly specimens that were collected from 109 sites in Japan. A total of 145 haplotypes were detected, and nine of the lineages exhibited geographical regionality, with one lineage being endemic to Lake Biwa. The haplotype network was “bottleneck type” and included both star-like structures and missing (or unobserved) haplotypes. Together, the haplotype network and FST values indicated that the Fukuejima Island group (Clade I) was genetically distinct from groups on the island of Kyushu, which is separated from Fukuejima Island by the Gotonada Sea. The common ancestor of E. yoshidae lineages in Japan was estimated to have diverged 1.14 mega-annum (Ma) (95% highest posterior density interval, 0.55–1.78 Ma), and more regional genetic diversities were generated during the Middle to Late Pleistocene. Genetically distinct lineages of eastern and western Japan were separated by the Kinki Triangle region in central Japan. The genetic diversity of the habitat generalist E. yoshidae increased during the Middle and Late Pleistocene, when crustal movement and climate change in the Japanese archipelago occurred simultaneously.
Kaneko Hiroaki,Ishiwata Shin-ichi,Takamura-Enya Takeji 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.4
Aquatic organisms frequently exhibit clear genetic structures over their distribution ranges. In a previous study, we showed that the mayfly Ecdyonurus yoshidae Takahashi also showed genetic delimitations in the Japanese archipelago. In this paper, we studied the dispersal and migration of this species using the fine-scale genetic structure and historical demographic dynamics in the Sagami River system using the DNA barcoding region mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequence (COI). We detected two major haplogroups con structed from 44 distinct haplotypes in 226 specimens collected from 24 sampling sites. From the highest altitude of 530 m to the lowest of 7 m, the dominant haplotype was widespread throughout the rivers and the six tributaries and even spread to isolated microhabitats upstream. We did not observe genetic differentiation among the six tributaries and 24 sampling sites. Consequently, we estimated that the population occurring in the entire river system is maintained as a meta-population by suitable small-scale habitats. We found that E. yoshidae might be capable of crossing areas with unsuitable habitats, such as gorges and rapid streams. Furthermore, one haplogroup experienced population expansion—which affected the genetic structure across the Sagami River system—and another haplogroup might have migrated from an adjacent catchment.
Shigenobu Emoto,Keisuke Hata,Hiroaki Nozawa,Kazushige Kawai,Toshiaki Tanaka,Takeshi Nishikawa,Yasutaka Shuno,Kazuhito Sasaki,Manabu Kaneko,Koji Murono,Yuuki Iida,Hiroaki Ishii,Yuichiro Yokoyama,Hiroyu 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.3
Background/Aims: Restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and handsewn anastomosis for ulcerative colitis requires pulling down of the ileal pouch into the pelvis, which can be technically challenging. We examined risk factors for the pouch not reaching the anus.Methods: Clinical records of 62 consecutive patients who were scheduled to undergo RPC with handsewn anastomosis at the University of Tokyo Hospital during 1989–2019 were reviewed. Risk factors for non-reaching were analyzed in patients in whom hand sewing was abandoned for stapled anastomosis because of nonreaching. Risk factors for non-reaching in laparoscopic RPC were separately analyzed. Anatomical indicators obtained from presurgical computed tomography (CT) were also evaluated.Results: Thirty-seven of 62 cases underwent laparoscopic procedures. In 6 cases (9.7%), handsewn anastomosis was changed to stapled anastomosis because of non-reaching. Male sex and a laparoscopic approach were independent risk factors of non-reaching. Distance between the terminal of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) ileal branch and the anus > 11 cm was a risk factor for non-reaching.Conclusions: Laparoscopic RPC with handsewn anastomosis may limit extension and induction of the ileal pouch into the anus. Preoperative CT measurement from the terminal SMA to the anus may be useful for predicting non-reaching.